Working_With_Market_Data_Example_Python.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### MIT License (c) 2018 by Andrew Lyasoff"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Jupyter notebook written in Python 3. It illustrates some basic operations with large chunks of market data (extracted from public sources), creating histograms from the returns, and other similar operations."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import matplotlib\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "matplotlib.rcParams[\"text.usetex\"] = \"True\"\n",
    "#import pylab\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "#from pylab import *\n",
    "import csv\n",
    "from sympy import init_printing\n",
    "init_printing()\n",
    "import datetime\n",
    "from matplotlib.dates import MONDAY\n",
    "from matplotlib.dates import YearLocator, MonthLocator, WeekdayLocator, DateFormatter"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "file = open('tsla.csv','r')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data=csv.reader(file)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACcAAAAPBAMAAACVcstdAAAAMFBMVEX///8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAv3aB7AAAAD3RSTlMAVO8Qq5l2zWYyiSK7RN2jbGmSAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAu0lEQVQYGWNgAAH2ZM5AMIOBe9UaASCLUZmBgen//wUQ1lYGxh8MDCYhn4Eql2RDWfkCDP+AKtmAgixgvSDWpQvM3zEEgYYAtUNUdqROgLAYGOwWQAV5DLj/QgV3PTWACgKpczCVXLoIwfgNYIOAAkpApSA73RkY1l8As3YzMJwHuh4kqM7AEG8AZv03gAsGMDA8h0jrMDC83wBhbmXg0IawOhgYvzEwsDp992DgjnI1gLB4Q2MuAC3DAgCfpzw/4Lz2YwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
      "text/latex": [
       "$$1513$$"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "1513"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "quotes=[]\n",
    "for row in data:\n",
    "    quotes.append(row)\n",
    "\n",
    "len(quotes)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from datetime import date, datetime"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Date', 'Open', 'High', 'Low', 'Close', 'Volume']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "info=quotes[0]\n",
    "info"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['6/29/2016', '205.13', '211.78', '203', '210.19', '5994908']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "quotes[1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['6/29/2010', '19', '25', '17.54', '23.89', '18783276']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "quotes[-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACcAAAAPBAMAAACVcstdAAAAMFBMVEX///8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAv3aB7AAAAD3RSTlMAVO8Qq5l2zWYyiSK7RN2jbGmSAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAtklEQVQYGWNgAAH2ZM5AMIOBO/TMBCCLUZmBgen//wUQlgkD118GBpOQz0CVS7KhLGcGBiWgSjagIAtYL4ilx8DgD9SPKlhvgBDsSIVKA7W8N4Co5DHgBhoP0sPAwPsLSECYDOdgLD4HhGD8Bqh0KFAMzHRnYFh/ASLIFgATVGdgiDeACIoycG+AqATKPoewOAMY2KCCWxk4tCGC+1Yt9WNgYHX67sHAHeVqAGHV////D2QoJgAAWKE5Ixeoo9EAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
      "text/latex": [
       "$$1512$$"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "1512"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "del quotes[0]\n",
    "len(quotes)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "dates = [datetime.strptime(record[0],\"%m/%d/%Y\").toordinal() for record in quotes]\n",
    "closes = [float(record[4]) for record in quotes]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "years    = YearLocator()   # every year\n",
    "months   = MonthLocator()  # every month\n",
    "yearsFmt = DateFormatter('%Y')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f87195e6908>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "fig, ax = plt.subplots()\n",
    "ax.plot_date(dates, closes, 'k-')\n",
    "ax.grid(True)\n",
    "plt.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "returns=[(closes[i+1]-closes[i])/closes[i] for i in range(len(closes)-1)]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f87110ab588>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "fig, ax = plt.subplots()\n",
    "ax.plot_date(dates[1:], returns, 'k.')\n",
    "ax.grid(True)\n",
    "plt.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def IQR(self):\n",
    "        return np.percentile(self,75) - np.percentile(self,25)\n",
    "\n",
    "bin_size = 2 * IQR(returns) * (len(returns)**(-1.0/3))\n",
    "num_bins=int((max(returns)-min(returns))/bin_size)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f8711016e80>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "u,v,_=plt.hist(returns, num_bins, normed=False,facecolor='b', alpha=.2)\n",
    "plt.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f87110c7940>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "plt.bar(v[:-1],u/sum(u), width=bin_size, facecolor='b', alpha=.2)\n",
    "plt.xlabel('Daily Returns')\n",
    "plt.ylabel('Frequency')\n",
    "#plt.title(r'Histogram from stock returns')\n",
    "plt.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f8711016c50>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "u,v,_=plt.hist(returns, num_bins, normed=True,facecolor='b', alpha=.2)\n",
    "plt.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABwAAAAPBAMAAAAFYbKSAAAAMFBMVEX///8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAv3aB7AAAAD3RSTlMAMt2rmYlmIkR2uxDNVO+L8+I6AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAApklEQVQIHWMQMgkNDeB2DS5gAIP8////G+xLYH/OwMD7moHBnYGBmcGOgcGEYbPzbwaGAAaGQIY/DAzxDAycQC4DA8cE7l8MDPMFoFwuBoY3QNkGKDcMrPJ8AoTL/YGBgWcCb/wFCJfzAFB/5sR4qF6mBUAuA4P9BojsfgMw9zDUInkHBoa8AsbvUO59IHfOhj0JUG7dBQYGVhcPBgYWuz9mYH0IAgBA2C8hVbDg9wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
      "text/latex": [
       "$$791$$"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "791"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "returns.index(min(returns))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "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\n",
      "text/latex": [
       "$$-0.1961095100864554$$"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "-0.1961095100864554"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "returns[791]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "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\n",
      "text/latex": [
       "$$-0.19610951008645539$$"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "-0.19610951008645539"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "closes[792]/closes[791]-1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "datetime.date(2013, 5, 8)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "date.fromordinal(dates[792])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2013-05-08\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(date.fromordinal(dates[792]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACYAAAAPBAMAAAB6sKBjAAAAMFBMVEX///8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAv3aB7AAAAD3RSTlMAVO8Qq5l2zWYiuzKJRN0MreaOAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAfElEQVQYGWNggAPO0FUboBxGZSADRJgw8PyFskI+A7kgwpmBQQnCYmADcsGEHgOD/wYEF8yqN8AUAyp/b4CmjoGB9w/EFCQJBj4HTLFQqG1I6tgCMMVEGTgnICsBOpI7gIENXWzemaN+EDtYnb57MICJ+v///0FYQGPRAQCb2zeLBPCOqgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
      "text/latex": [
       "$$1121$$"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "1121"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "returns.index(max(returns))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "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\n",
      "text/latex": [
       "$$0.23957876261518216$$"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "0.23957876261518216"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "returns[1121]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "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\n",
      "text/latex": [
       "$$0.23957876261518218$$"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "0.23957876261518218"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "closes[1122]/closes[1121]-1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "datetime.date(2012, 1, 12)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "date.fromordinal(dates[1122])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2012-01-12\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(date.fromordinal(dates[1122]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
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   "file_extension": ".py",
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