[BINARY] fails disassembly and reassembly

[penq123]

Question 1: When I encounter an error during reassembly of a statically linked ARM 32-bit program.
Question 2: When I use gtirb-pprinter to convert the GTIRB intermediate file of an ARM 32-bit statically linked program into a new binary program, I also encounter an error.

Specifically as follows:

Question 1: When I encounter an error during reassembly of a statically linked ARM 32-bit program.

• root@033f446ee66d:~/test-set/basic-test-set/stackoverflow1# arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -fno-stack-protector -g -O0 main.c ret2text-backdoor.c -static -no-pie -o ret2text

• root@033f446ee66d:~/test-set/basic-test-set/stackoverflow1# ddisasm ret2text --asm lz.s

 Building the initial gtirb representation 
 WARNING: resurrectSymbols: STRTAB not found.[  98ms]
 Processing module: ret2text
     disassembly              load [    5s]    compute [   57s]  transform WARNING: Moving symbol to first block of section: __ehdr_start
 WARNING: Moving symbol to first block of section: __preinit_array_start
 WARNING: Moving symbol to first block of section: __preinit_array_end
 WARNING: Moving symbol to first block of section: __bss_start
 WARNING: Moving symbol to first block of section: __bss_start__
 WARNING: Found integral symbol pointing into existing block: .L_1d429
 WARNING: Found integral symbol pointing into existing block: .L_1d42a
 WARNING: Found integral symbol pointing into existing block: .L_1d42b
 WARNING: Found integral symbol pointing into existing block:__syscall_error_1
 [    7s]
    SCC analysis                              compute [ 190ms]  transform [   0ms]
     no return analysis       load [ 365ms]    compute [    2s]  transform [  16ms]
     function inference       load [ 400ms]    compute [ 229ms]  transform [  97ms]
 Printing assembler [    6s]
 

• root@033f446ee66d:~/test-set/basic-test-set/stackoverflow1# arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -nostartfiles lz.s -no-pie -z now -o lz

 lz.s: Assembler messages:
 lz.s:3631: Error: instruction not allowed in IT block -- `movs r2,#0'
 lz.s:122046: Error: selected FPU does not support instruction -- `vdup.8 q0,r1'
 lz.s:122060: Error: selected processor does not support `vceq.i8 q1,q1,q0' in Thumb mode
 lz.s:122061: Error: selected processor does not support `vceq.i8 q2,q2,q0' in Thumb mode
 lz.s:122062: Error: selected FPU does not support instruction -- `vand q1,q1,q3'
 lz.s:122063: Error: selected FPU does not support instruction -- `vand q2,q2,q3'
 lz.s:122064: Error: selected processor does not support `vpadd.i8 d2,d2,d3' in Thumb mode
 lz.s:122065: Error: selected processor does not support `vpadd.i8 d4,d4,d5' in Thumb mode
 lz.s:122066: Error: selected processor does not support `vpadd.i8 d2,d2,d4' in Thumb mode
 lz.s:122067: Error: selected processor does not support `vpadd.i8 d2,d2,d2' in Thumb mode
 lz.s:122068: Error: garbage following instruction -- `vmov.32 r0,d2'
 lz.s:122086: Error: selected processor does not support `vceq.i8 q1,q1,q0' in Thumb mode
 lz.s:122087: Error: selected processor does not support `vceq.i8 q2,q2,q0' in Thumb mode
lz.s:122091: Error: selected FPU does not support instruction -- `vorr q4,q1,q2'
lz.s:122092: Error: selected FPU does not support instruction -- `vorr d8,d8,d9'
 lz.s:122100: Error: selected FPU does not support instruction -- `vand q1,q1,q3'
 lz.s:122101: Error: selected FPU does not support instruction -- `vand q2,q2,q3'
 lz.s:122102: Error: selected processor does not support `vpadd.i8 d2,d2,d3' in Thumb mode
 lz.s:122103: Error: selected processor does not support `vpadd.i8 d4,d4,d5' in Thumb mode
 lz.s:122104: Error: selected processor does not support `vpadd.i8 d2,d2,d4' in Thumb mode
lz.s:122105: Error: selected processor does not support `vpadd.i8 d2,d2,d2' in Thumb mode
 lz.s:122106: Error: garbage following instruction -- `vmov.32 r0,d2'
lz.s:164870: Error: VFP single precision register expected -- `vldmia r0,{ d16,d17,d18,d19,d20,d21,d22,d23,d24,d25,d26,d27,d28,d29,d30,d31 }'
lz.s:164883: Error: VFP single precision register expected -- `vstmia r0,{ d16,d17,d18,d19,d20,d21,d22,d23,d24,d25,d26,d27,d28,d29,d30,d31 }'
root@033f446ee66d:~/test-set/basic-test-set/stackoverflow1# 

Question 2: When I use gtirb-pprinter to convert the GTIRB intermediate file of an ARM 32-bit statically linked program into a new binary program, I also encounter an error.

• root@033f446ee66d:~/test-set/basic-test-set/stackoverflow1# arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -fno-stack-protector -g -O0 main.c ret2text-backdoor.c -static -no-pie -o ret2text

• root@033f446ee66d:~/test-set/basic-test-set/stackoverflow1# python3 xor.py lz.gtirb new_lz.gtirb

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "xor.py", line 2, in <module>
    import gtirb_rewriting.driver
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/gtirb_rewriting/__init__.py", line 30, in <module>
    from .passes import Pass, PassManager
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/gtirb_rewriting/passes.py", line 28, in <module>
    from .rewriting import RewritingContext
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/gtirb_rewriting/rewriting.py", line 61, in <module>
    class RewritingContext:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/gtirb_rewriting/rewriting.py", line 112, in RewritingContext
    err: mcasm.assembler.AsmSyntaxError,
AttributeError: module 'mcasm' has no attribute 'assembler'

• oot@033f446ee66d:~/test-set/basic-test-set/stackoverflow1# gtirb-pprinter lz.gtirb -b lz

[INFO] (/usr/local/src/gtirb-pprinter/src/gtirb_pprinter/driver/pretty_printer.cpp:262)  Reading GTIRB file:     "lz.gtirb"
[INFO] (/usr/local/src/gtirb-pprinter/src/gtirb_pprinter/driver/pretty_printer.cpp:497)  Module ret2text has integral symbols; attempting to assign referents...
[INFO] (/usr/local/src/gtirb-pprinter/src/gtirb_pprinter/driver/pretty_printer.cpp:559)  Generating binary for module ret2text
Generating binary file
WARNING: found overlapping element at address 1d429
The --layout option to gtirb-pprinter can fix overlapping elements.
WARNING: found overlapping element at address 1d42a
The --layout option to gtirb-pprinter can fix overlapping elements.
WARNING: found overlapping element at address 1d42b
The --layout option to gtirb-pprinter can fix overlapping elements.
WARNING: found overlapping element at address 27dd4
The --layout option to gtirb-pprinter can fix overlapping elements.

.......

/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153424: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `str r1,[sp,#20]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153426: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.thumb'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153428: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ldrb r2,[r1,#13]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153429: Error: unknown mnemonic `lsls' -- `lsls r2,r2,#30'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153431: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.thumb'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153433: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ldr r2,[r3,#232]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153434: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `cbz r2,.L_4d63d'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153435: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.thumb'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153437: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ldr r2,[r2,#4]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153438: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ldr r1,[r3,#372]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153439: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ldrh r2,[r2,sb,LSL 1]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153440: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ubfx r2,r2,#0,#15'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153441: Error: operand 1 must be an integer or stack pointer register -- `add r2,r1,r2,lsl#4'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153442: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ldr r1,[r2,#4]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153443: Error: operand 1 must be an integer or stack pointer register -- `cmp r1,#0'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153444: Error: unknown mnemonic `it' -- `it eq'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153445: Error: unknown mnemonic `moveq' -- `moveq r2,#0'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153446: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.thumb'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153449: Error: unknown mnemonic `mrc' -- `mrc 15,#0,fp,cr13,cr0,#3'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153450: Error: operand 1 must be an integer or stack pointer register -- `sub sb,fp,#1216'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153451: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ldr r1,[sb]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153452: Error: operand 1 must be an integer or stack pointer register -- `cmp r1,#0'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153454: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.thumb'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153456: Error: operand 1 must be an SVE predicate register -- `movs r1,#1'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153457: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.thumb'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153460: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ldr r0,[lr,r0]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153461: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `mov sl,#0'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153462: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `str r1,[sp,#8]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153463: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `mov r1,r3'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153464: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `str r2,[sp]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153465: Error: operand 1 must be an integer or stack pointer register -- `add r0,ip'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153466: Error: operand 1 must be an SVE predicate register -- `movs r2,#1'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153467: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `str sl,[sp,#12]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153468: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `str r2,[sp,#4]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153469: Error: operand 1 must be an integer or stack pointer register -- `add r2,sp,#20'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153470: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ldr r3,[r3,#468]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153472: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.thumb'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153474: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ldr r3,[sb]'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153475: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `mov sb,r0'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153476: Error: operand 1 must be an integer or stack pointer register -- `cmp r3,#0'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153478: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.thumb'
/tmp/fileAPjZv2.s:153481: Error: operand 1 must be an integer register -- `ldr r3,[sp,#20]'

ret2text.zip
ret2text.zip