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https://99percentinvisible.org/episode/florence-nightingale-data-viz-pioneer/transcript/ mentions but doesn't seem to link a study comparing:
Another team of researchers, data scientists at New York University, showed people evidence about practical policy questions. For instance, does a high corporate income tax drive jobs overseas? Or does prison work as a deterrent? Sometimes the relevant data was in the form of a table and sometimes in the form of a chart. Unless people already had a strong position on the subject, the charts were much more persuasive than the tables.
https://academic.oup.com/intqhc/article-abstract/16/4/309/1786078 found quickly via Google Scholar