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Remote code execution and sensitive secrets exposed through web hook

Critical
aHenryJard published GHSA-mf88-g2wq-p7qm May 5, 2025

Package

No package listed

Affected versions

< 6.4.11

Patched versions

>= 6.4.11

Description

Summary

Any user with the capability manage customizations:

  • can execute commands on the underlying infrastructure where OpenCTI is hosted.
  • can access internal server side secrets by misusing the web-hooks.

Details

The web-hook feature in OpenCTI allows users to customise messages sent through web-hooks. Provided with a default installation are examples of Microsoft Teams web-hooks. The dynamics of the web-hook is built upon javascript, which a user can enter in a web-hook template field. A malicious user can abuse this to execute commands in the hosting environment on which OpenCTI is executing. A protection layer has been added to guard against using external modules in the javascript code for the web hooks, but these can be bypassed.

A common implementation of OpenCTI is to host it in containers, either directly in docker or in a Kubernetes cluster and in these setups sensitive secrets are passed to the container via environment variables. These environment variables are accessible from the web-hook javascript.

Impact

Since the malicious user gets a root shell inside a container this opens up the the infrastructure environment for further attacks and exposures.

Severity

Critical

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVE ID

CVE-2025-24977

Weaknesses

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment. Learn more on MITRE.

Credits