validation.h

// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Copyright (c) 2009-2016 The Bitcoin Core developers
// Copyright (c) 2022-2023 The Dogecoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#ifndef BITCOIN_VALIDATION_H
#define BITCOIN_VALIDATION_H

#if defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H)
#include "config/bitcoin-config.h"
#endif

#include "amount.h"
#include "chain.h"
#include "coins.h"
#include "fs.h"
#include "policy/policy.h" // For RECOMMENDED_MIN_TX_FEE
#include "protocol.h" // For CMessageHeader::MessageStartChars
#include "script/script_error.h"
#include "sync.h"
#include "versionbits.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <exception>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

#include <atomic>

#include <boost/unordered_map.hpp>

class CBlockIndex;
class CBlockTreeDB;
class CBloomFilter;
class CBlockUndo;
class CChainParams;
class CInv;
class CConnman;
class CScriptCheck;
class CTxMemPool;
class CValidationInterface;
class CValidationState;
struct ChainTxData;

struct PrecomputedTransactionData;
struct LockPoints;

/** Default for DEFAULT_WHITELISTRELAY. */
static const bool DEFAULT_WHITELISTRELAY = true;
/** Default for DEFAULT_WHITELISTFORCERELAY. */
static const bool DEFAULT_WHITELISTFORCERELAY = true;
/** Default for -minrelaytxfee, minimum relay fee for transactions */
static const CAmount DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE = RECOMMENDED_MIN_TX_FEE / 10;
//! -maxtxfee default
//rnicoll: 8/2021 scaled down as recommended fee is lowered
static const CAmount DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MAXFEE = RECOMMENDED_MIN_TX_FEE * 10000;

//! Discourage users to set fees higher than this amount (in satoshis) per kB
/* Dogecoin: Set the high tx fee to be higher than the default values
 *           implemented by the wallet.
 */
static const CAmount HIGH_TX_FEE_PER_KB = RECOMMENDED_MIN_TX_FEE * 1000;

//! -maxtxfee will warn if called with a higher fee than this amount (in satoshis)
//mlumin: 5/2021 adjusted max upward in terms of coin
static const CAmount HIGH_MAX_TX_FEE = 100 * HIGH_TX_FEE_PER_KB;
/** Default for -limitancestorcount, max number of in-mempool ancestors */
static const unsigned int DEFAULT_ANCESTOR_LIMIT = 25;
/** Default for -limitancestorsize, maximum kilobytes of tx + all in-mempool ancestors */
static const unsigned int DEFAULT_ANCESTOR_SIZE_LIMIT = 101;
/** Default for -limitdescendantcount, max number of in-mempool descendants */
static const unsigned int DEFAULT_DESCENDANT_LIMIT = 25;
/** Default for -limitdescendantsize, maximum kilobytes of in-mempool descendants */
static const unsigned int DEFAULT_DESCENDANT_SIZE_LIMIT = 101;
/** Default for -mempoolexpiry, expiration time for mempool transactions in hours */
static const unsigned int DEFAULT_MEMPOOL_EXPIRY = 24;
/** The maximum size of a blk?????.dat file (since 0.8) */
static const unsigned int MAX_BLOCKFILE_SIZE = 0x8000000; // 128 MiB
/** The pre-allocation chunk size for blk?????.dat files (since 0.8) */
static const unsigned int BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE = 0x1000000; // 16 MiB
/** The pre-allocation chunk size for rev?????.dat files (since 0.8) */
static const unsigned int UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE = 0x100000; // 1 MiB

/** Maximum number of script-checking threads allowed */
static const int MAX_SCRIPTCHECK_THREADS = 16;
/** -par default (number of script-checking threads, 0 = auto) */
static const int DEFAULT_SCRIPTCHECK_THREADS = 0;
/** Number of blocks that can be requested at any given time from a single peer. */
static const int MAX_BLOCKS_IN_TRANSIT_PER_PEER = 16;
/** Timeout in seconds during which a peer must stall block download progress before being disconnected. */
static const unsigned int BLOCK_STALLING_TIMEOUT = 2;
/** Number of headers sent in one getheaders result. We rely on the assumption that if a peer sends
 *  less than this number, we reached its tip. Changing this value is a protocol upgrade. */
static const unsigned int MAX_HEADERS_RESULTS = 2000;
/** Maximum depth of blocks we're willing to serve as compact blocks to peers
 *  when requested. For older blocks, a regular BLOCK response will be sent. */
static const int MAX_CMPCTBLOCK_DEPTH = 5;
/** Maximum depth of blocks we're willing to respond to GETBLOCKTXN requests for. */
static const int MAX_BLOCKTXN_DEPTH = 10;
/** Size of the "block download window": how far ahead of our current height do we fetch?
 *  Larger windows tolerate larger download speed differences between peer, but increase the potential
 *  degree of disordering of blocks on disk (which make reindexing and in the future perhaps pruning
 *  harder). We'll probably want to make this a per-peer adaptive value at some point. */
static const unsigned int BLOCK_DOWNLOAD_WINDOW = 1024;
/** Time to wait (in seconds) between writing blocks/block index to disk. */
static const unsigned int DATABASE_WRITE_INTERVAL = 60 * 60;
/** Time to wait (in seconds) between flushing chainstate to disk. */
static const unsigned int DATABASE_FLUSH_INTERVAL = 24 * 60 * 60;
/** Maximum length of reject messages. */
static const unsigned int MAX_REJECT_MESSAGE_LENGTH = 111;
/** Average delay between local address broadcasts in seconds. */
static const unsigned int AVG_LOCAL_ADDRESS_BROADCAST_INTERVAL = 24 * 24 * 60;
/** Average delay between peer address broadcasts in seconds. */
static const unsigned int AVG_ADDRESS_BROADCAST_INTERVAL = 30;
/** Average delay between trickled inventory transmissions in seconds.
 *  Blocks and whitelisted receivers bypass this, outbound peers get half this delay. */
static const unsigned int INVENTORY_BROADCAST_INTERVAL = 5;
/** Maximum number of inventory items to send per transmission.
 *  Limits the impact of low-fee transaction floods. */
static const unsigned int INVENTORY_BROADCAST_MAX = 7 * INVENTORY_BROADCAST_INTERVAL;
/** Average delay between feefilter broadcasts in seconds. */
static const unsigned int AVG_FEEFILTER_BROADCAST_INTERVAL = 10 * 60;
/** Maximum feefilter broadcast delay after significant change. */
static const unsigned int MAX_FEEFILTER_CHANGE_DELAY = 5 * 60;
/** Block download timeout base, expressed in millionths of the block interval (i.e. 5 min) */
static const int64_t BLOCK_DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT_BASE = 5000000;
/** Additional block download timeout per parallel downloading peer (i.e. 2.5 min) */
static const int64_t BLOCK_DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT_PER_PEER = 2500000;

static const unsigned int DEFAULT_LIMITFREERELAY = 0;
static const bool DEFAULT_RELAYPRIORITY = true;
static const int64_t DEFAULT_MAX_TIP_AGE = 24 * 60 * 60;
/** Maximum age of our tip in seconds for us to be considered current for fee estimation */
static const int64_t MAX_FEE_ESTIMATION_TIP_AGE = 3 * 60 * 60;

/** Default for -permitbaremultisig */
static const bool DEFAULT_PERMIT_BAREMULTISIG = true;
static const bool DEFAULT_CHECKPOINTS_ENABLED = true;
static const bool DEFAULT_TXINDEX = false;
static const unsigned int DEFAULT_BANSCORE_THRESHOLD = 100;

/** Default for -mempoolreplacement */
static const bool DEFAULT_ENABLE_REPLACEMENT = true;
/** Default for using fee filter */
static const bool DEFAULT_FEEFILTER = true;

/** Maximum number of headers to announce when relaying blocks with headers message.*/
static const unsigned int MAX_BLOCKS_TO_ANNOUNCE = 8;

/** Maximum number of unconnecting headers announcements before DoS score */
static const int MAX_UNCONNECTING_HEADERS = 10;

static const bool DEFAULT_PEERBLOOMFILTERS = true;

struct BlockHasher
{
    size_t operator()(const uint256& hash) const { return hash.GetCheapHash(); }
};

extern CScript COINBASE_FLAGS;
extern CCriticalSection cs_main;
extern CTxMemPool mempool;
typedef boost::unordered_map<uint256, CBlockIndex*, BlockHasher> BlockMap;
extern BlockMap mapBlockIndex;
extern uint64_t nLastBlockTx;
extern uint64_t nLastBlockSize;
extern uint64_t nLastBlockWeight;
extern const std::string strMessageMagic;
extern CWaitableCriticalSection csBestBlock;
extern CConditionVariable cvBlockChange;
extern std::atomic_bool fImporting;
extern bool fReindex;
extern int nScriptCheckThreads;
extern bool fTxIndex;
extern bool fIsBareMultisigStd;
extern bool fRequireStandard;
extern bool fCheckBlockIndex;
extern bool fCheckpointsEnabled;
extern size_t nCoinCacheUsage;
/** A fee rate smaller than this is considered zero fee (for relaying, mining and transaction creation) */
//mlumin 5/2021: changing variable name to Rate vs Fee because thats what it is.
extern CFeeRate minRelayTxFeeRate;
/** Absolute maximum transaction fee (in satoshis) used by wallet and mempool (rejects high fee in sendrawtransaction) */
extern CAmount maxTxFee;
/** If the tip is older than this (in seconds), the node is considered to be in initial block download. */
extern int64_t nMaxTipAge;
extern bool fEnableReplacement;

/** Block hash whose ancestors we will assume to have valid scripts without checking them. */
extern uint256 hashAssumeValid;

/** Best header we've seen so far (used for getheaders queries' starting points). */
extern CBlockIndex *pindexBestHeader;

/** Minimum disk space required - used in CheckDiskSpace() */
static const uint64_t nMinDiskSpace = 52428800;

/** Pruning-related variables and constants */
/** True if any block files have ever been pruned. */
extern bool fHavePruned;
/** True if we're running in -prune mode. */
extern bool fPruneMode;
/** Number of MiB of block files that we're trying to stay below. */
extern uint64_t nPruneTarget;
/** Block files containing a block-height within MIN_BLOCKS_TO_KEEP of chainActive.Tip() will not be pruned. */
static const unsigned int MIN_BLOCKS_TO_KEEP = 1440;

static const signed int DEFAULT_CHECKBLOCKS = 6;
static const unsigned int DEFAULT_CHECKLEVEL = 3;

// Require that user allocate at least 22,00MB for block & undo files (blk???.dat and rev???.dat)
// At 1MB per block, 1,440 blocks = 1,440MB.
// Add 15% for Undo data = 1,656MB
// Add 20% for Orphan block rate = 1,987MB
// We want the low water mark after pruning to be at least 1987 MB and since we prune in
// full block file chunks, we need the high water mark which triggers the prune to be
// one 128MB block file + added 15% undo data = 147MB greater for a total of 2,134MB
// Setting the target to > than 2200MB will make it likely we can respect the target.
static const uint64_t MIN_DISK_SPACE_FOR_BLOCK_FILES = 2200ULL * 1024 * 1024;

/** 
 * Process an incoming block. This only returns after the best known valid
 * block is made active. Note that it does not, however, guarantee that the
 * specific block passed to it has been checked for validity!
 *
 * If you want to *possibly* get feedback on whether pblock is valid, you must
 * install a CValidationInterface (see validationinterface.h) - this will have
 * its BlockChecked method called whenever *any* block completes validation.
 *
 * Note that we guarantee that either the proof-of-work is valid on pblock, or
 * (and possibly also) BlockChecked will have been called.
 * 
 * Call without cs_main held.
 *
 * @param[in]   pblock  The block we want to process.
 * @param[in]   fForceProcessing Process this block even if unrequested; used for non-network block sources and whitelisted peers.
 * @param[out]  fNewBlock A boolean which is set to indicate if the block was first received via this call
 * @return True if state.IsValid()
 */
bool ProcessNewBlock(const CChainParams& chainparams, const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> pblock, bool fForceProcessing, bool* fNewBlock);

/**
 * Process incoming block headers.
 *
 * Call without cs_main held.
 *
 * @param[in]  block The block headers themselves
 * @param[out] state This may be set to an Error state if any error occurred processing them
 * @param[in]  chainparams The params for the chain we want to connect to
 * @param[out] ppindex If set, the pointer will be set to point to the last new block index object for the given headers
 */
bool ProcessNewBlockHeaders(const std::vector<CBlockHeader>& block, CValidationState& state, const CChainParams& chainparams, const CBlockIndex** ppindex=NULL);

/** Check whether enough disk space is available for an incoming block */
bool CheckDiskSpace(uint64_t nAdditionalBytes = 0);
/** Open a block file (blk?????.dat) */
FILE* OpenBlockFile(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, bool fReadOnly = false);
/** Open an undo file (rev?????.dat) */
FILE* OpenUndoFile(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, bool fReadOnly = false);
/** Translation to a filesystem path */
fs::path GetBlockPosFilename(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, const char *prefix);
/** Import blocks from an external file */
bool LoadExternalBlockFile(const CChainParams& chainparams, FILE* fileIn, CDiskBlockPos *dbp = NULL);
/** Initialize a new block tree database + block data on disk */
bool InitBlockIndex(const CChainParams& chainparams);
/** Load the block tree and coins database from disk */
bool LoadBlockIndex(const CChainParams& chainparams);
/** Unload database information */
void UnloadBlockIndex();
/** Run an instance of the script checking thread */
void ThreadScriptCheck();
/** Check whether we are doing an initial block download (synchronizing from disk or network) */
bool IsInitialBlockDownload();
/** Format a string that describes several potential problems detected by the core.
 * strFor can have three values:
 * - "rpc": get critical warnings, which should put the client in safe mode if non-empty
 * - "statusbar": get all warnings
 * - "gui": get all warnings, translated (where possible) for GUI
 * This function only returns the highest priority warning of the set selected by strFor.
 */
std::string GetWarnings(const std::string& strFor);
/** Retrieve a transaction (from memory pool, or from disk, if possible) */
bool GetTransaction(const uint256 &hash, CTransactionRef &tx, const Consensus::Params& params, uint256 &hashBlock, bool fAllowSlow = false);
/** Find the best known block, and make it the tip of the block chain */
bool ActivateBestChain(CValidationState& state, const CChainParams& chainparams, std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> pblock = std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>());

/** Guess verification progress (as a fraction between 0.0=genesis and 1.0=current tip). */
double GuessVerificationProgress(const ChainTxData& data, CBlockIndex* pindex);

/** Calculate the amount of disk space the block & undo files currently use */
uint64_t CalculateCurrentUsage();

/**
 * Prune block and undo files (blk???.dat and undo???.dat) so that the disk space used is less than a user-defined target.
 * The user sets the target (in MB) on the command line or in config file.  This will be run on startup and whenever new
 * space is allocated in a block or undo file, staying below the target. Changing back to unpruned requires a reindex
 * (which in this case means the blockchain must be re-downloaded.)
 *
 * Pruning functions are called from FlushStateToDisk when the global fCheckForPruning flag has been set.
 * Block and undo files are deleted in lock-step (when blk00003.dat is deleted, so is rev00003.dat.)
 * Pruning cannot take place until the longest chain is at least a certain length (100000 on mainnet, 1000 on testnet, 1000 on regtest).
 * Pruning will never delete a block within a defined distance (currently 288) from the active chain's tip.
 * The block index is updated by unsetting HAVE_DATA and HAVE_UNDO for any blocks that were stored in the deleted files.
 * A db flag records the fact that at least some block files have been pruned.
 *
 * @param[out]   setFilesToPrune   The set of file indices that can be unlinked will be returned
 */
void FindFilesToPrune(std::set<int>& setFilesToPrune, uint64_t nPruneAfterHeight);

/**
 *  Mark one block file as pruned.
 */
void PruneOneBlockFile(const int fileNumber);

/**
 *  Actually unlink the specified files
 */
void UnlinkPrunedFiles(const std::set<int>& setFilesToPrune);

/** Create a new block index entry for a given block hash */
CBlockIndex * InsertBlockIndex(uint256 hash);
/** Flush all state, indexes and buffers to disk. */
void FlushStateToDisk();
/** Prune block files and flush state to disk. */
void PruneAndFlush();
/** Prune block files up to a given height */
void PruneBlockFilesManual(int nPruneUpToHeight);

/** (try to) add transaction to memory pool
 * plTxnReplaced will be appended to with all transactions replaced from mempool **/
bool AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxMemPool& pool, CValidationState &state, const CTransactionRef &tx, bool fLimitFree,
                        bool* pfMissingInputs, std::list<CTransactionRef>* plTxnReplaced = NULL,
                        bool fOverrideMempoolLimit=false, const CAmount nAbsurdFee=0);

/** (try to) add transaction to memory pool with a specified acceptance time **/
bool AcceptToMemoryPoolWithTime(CTxMemPool& pool, CValidationState &state, const CTransactionRef &tx, bool fLimitFree,
                        bool* pfMissingInputs, int64_t nAcceptTime, std::list<CTransactionRef>* plTxnReplaced = NULL,
                        bool fOverrideMempoolLimit=false, const CAmount nAbsurdFee=0);

/** Convert CValidationState to a human-readable message for logging */
std::string FormatStateMessage(const CValidationState &state);

/** Get the BIP9 state for a given deployment at the current tip. */
ThresholdState VersionBitsTipState(const Consensus::Params& params, Consensus::DeploymentPos pos);

/** Get the block height at which the BIP9 deployment switched into the state for the block building on the current tip. */
int VersionBitsTipStateSinceHeight(const Consensus::Params& params, Consensus::DeploymentPos pos);

/** 
 * Count ECDSA signature operations the old-fashioned (pre-0.6) way
 * @return number of sigops this transaction's outputs will produce when spent
 * @see CTransaction::FetchInputs
 */
unsigned int GetLegacySigOpCount(const CTransaction& tx);

/**
 * Count ECDSA signature operations in pay-to-script-hash inputs.
 * 
 * @param[in] mapInputs Map of previous transactions that have outputs we're spending
 * @return maximum number of sigops required to validate this transaction's inputs
 * @see CTransaction::FetchInputs
 */
unsigned int GetP2SHSigOpCount(const CTransaction& tx, const CCoinsViewCache& mapInputs);

/**
 * Compute total signature operation cost of a transaction.
 * @param[in] tx     Transaction for which we are computing the cost
 * @param[in] inputs Map of previous transactions that have outputs we're spending
 * @param[out] flags Script verification flags
 * @return Total signature operation cost of tx
 */
int64_t GetTransactionSigOpCost(const CTransaction& tx, const CCoinsViewCache& inputs, int flags);

/**
 * Check whether all inputs of this transaction are valid (no double spends, scripts & sigs, amounts)
 * This does not modify the UTXO set. If pvChecks is not NULL, script checks are pushed onto it
 * instead of being performed inline.
 */
bool CheckInputs(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState &state, const CCoinsViewCache &view, bool fScriptChecks,
                 unsigned int flags, bool cacheStore, PrecomputedTransactionData& txdata, std::vector<CScriptCheck> *pvChecks = NULL);

/** Apply the effects of this transaction on the UTXO set represented by view */
void UpdateCoins(const CTransaction& tx, CCoinsViewCache& inputs, int nHeight);

/** Transaction validation functions */

/** Context-independent validity checks */
bool CheckTransaction(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState& state, bool fCheckDuplicateInputs=true);

namespace Consensus {

/**
 * Check whether all inputs of this transaction are valid (no double spends and amounts)
 * This does not modify the UTXO set. This does not check scripts and sigs.
 * Preconditions: tx.IsCoinBase() is false.
 */
bool CheckTxInputs(const CChainParams& params, const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState& state, const CCoinsViewCache& inputs, int nSpendHeight);

} // namespace Consensus

/**
 * Check if transaction is final and can be included in a block with the
 * specified height and time. Consensus critical.
 */
bool IsFinalTx(const CTransaction &tx, int nBlockHeight, int64_t nBlockTime);

/**
 * Check if transaction will be final in the next block to be created.
 *
 * Calls IsFinalTx() with current block height and appropriate block time.
 *
 * See consensus/consensus.h for flag definitions.
 */
bool CheckFinalTx(const CTransaction &tx, int flags = -1);

/**
 * Test whether the LockPoints height and time are still valid on the current chain
 */
bool TestLockPointValidity(const LockPoints* lp);

/**
 * Check if transaction is final per BIP 68 sequence numbers and can be included in a block.
 * Consensus critical. Takes as input a list of heights at which tx's inputs (in order) confirmed.
 */
bool SequenceLocks(const CTransaction &tx, int flags, std::vector<int>* prevHeights, const CBlockIndex& block);

/**
 * Check if transaction will be BIP 68 final in the next block to be created.
 *
 * Simulates calling SequenceLocks() with data from the tip of the current active chain.
 * Optionally stores in LockPoints the resulting height and time calculated and the hash
 * of the block needed for calculation or skips the calculation and uses the LockPoints
 * passed in for evaluation.
 * The LockPoints should not be considered valid if CheckSequenceLocks returns false.
 *
 * See consensus/consensus.h for flag definitions.
 */
bool CheckSequenceLocks(const CTransaction &tx, int flags, LockPoints* lp = NULL, bool useExistingLockPoints = false);

/**
 * Closure representing one script verification
 * Note that this stores references to the spending transaction 
 */
class CScriptCheck
{
private:
    CScript scriptPubKey;
    CAmount amount;
    const CTransaction *ptxTo;
    unsigned int nIn;
    unsigned int nFlags;
    bool cacheStore;
    ScriptError error;
    PrecomputedTransactionData *txdata;

public:
    CScriptCheck(): amount(0), ptxTo(0), nIn(0), nFlags(0), cacheStore(false), error(SCRIPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_ERROR) {}
    CScriptCheck(const CCoins& txFromIn, const CTransaction& txToIn, unsigned int nInIn, unsigned int nFlagsIn, bool cacheIn, PrecomputedTransactionData* txdataIn) :
        scriptPubKey(txFromIn.vout[txToIn.vin[nInIn].prevout.n].scriptPubKey), amount(txFromIn.vout[txToIn.vin[nInIn].prevout.n].nValue),
        ptxTo(&txToIn), nIn(nInIn), nFlags(nFlagsIn), cacheStore(cacheIn), error(SCRIPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_ERROR), txdata(txdataIn) { }

    bool operator()();

    void swap(CScriptCheck &check) {
        scriptPubKey.swap(check.scriptPubKey);
        std::swap(ptxTo, check.ptxTo);
        std::swap(amount, check.amount);
        std::swap(nIn, check.nIn);
        std::swap(nFlags, check.nFlags);
        std::swap(cacheStore, check.cacheStore);
        std::swap(error, check.error);
        std::swap(txdata, check.txdata);
    }

    ScriptError GetScriptError() const { return error; }
};


/** Functions for disk access for blocks */
bool WriteBlockToDisk(const CBlock& block, CDiskBlockPos& pos, const CMessageHeader::MessageStartChars& messageStart);
bool ReadBlockFromDisk(CBlock& block, const CDiskBlockPos& pos, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams, bool fCheckPOW = true);
bool ReadBlockFromDisk(CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindex, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams, bool fCheckPOW = true);
bool ReadBlockHeaderFromDisk(CBlockHeader& block, const CBlockIndex* pindex, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams, bool fCheckPOW = true);

bool UndoReadFromDisk(CBlockUndo& blockundo, const CDiskBlockPos& pos, const uint256& hashBlock);

/** Functions for validating blocks and updating the block tree */

/** Context-independent validity checks */
bool CheckBlockHeader(const CBlockHeader& block, CValidationState& state, bool fCheckPOW = true);
bool CheckBlock(const CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, bool fCheckPOW = true, bool fCheckMerkleRoot = true);

/** Context-dependent validity checks.
 *  By "context", we mean only the previous block headers, but not the UTXO
 *  set; UTXO-related validity checks are done in ConnectBlock(). */
bool ContextualCheckBlockHeader(const CBlockHeader& block, CValidationState& state, const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, int64_t nAdjustedTime);
bool ContextualCheckBlock(const CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev);

/** Apply the effects of this block (with given index) on the UTXO set represented by coins.
 *  Validity checks that depend on the UTXO set are also done; ConnectBlock()
 *  can fail if those validity checks fail (among other reasons). */
bool ConnectBlock(const CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache& coins,
                  const CChainParams& chainparams, bool fJustCheck = false);

/** Undo the effects of this block (with given index) on the UTXO set represented by coins.
 *  In case pfClean is provided, operation will try to be tolerant about errors, and *pfClean
 *  will be true if no problems were found. Otherwise, the return value will be false in case
 *  of problems. Note that in any case, coins may be modified. */
bool DisconnectBlock(const CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, const CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache& coins, bool* pfClean = NULL);

/** Check a block is completely valid from start to finish (only works on top of our current best block, with cs_main held) */
bool TestBlockValidity(CValidationState& state, const CChainParams& chainparams, const CBlock& block, CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, bool fCheckPOW = true, bool fCheckMerkleRoot = true);

/** Check whether witness commitments are required for block. */
bool IsWitnessEnabled(const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, const Consensus::Params& params);

/** When there are blocks in the active chain with missing data, rewind the chainstate and remove them from the block index */
bool RewindBlockIndex(const CChainParams& params);

/** Update uncommitted block structures (currently: only the witness nonce). This is safe for submitted blocks. */
void UpdateUncommittedBlockStructures(CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams);

/** Produce the necessary coinbase commitment for a block (modifies the hash, don't call for mined blocks). */
std::vector<unsigned char> GenerateCoinbaseCommitment(CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams);

/** RAII wrapper for VerifyDB: Verify consistency of the block and coin databases */
class CVerifyDB {
public:
    CVerifyDB();
    ~CVerifyDB();
    bool VerifyDB(const CChainParams& chainparams, CCoinsView *coinsview, int nCheckLevel, int nCheckDepth);
};

/** Find the last common block between the parameter chain and a locator. */
CBlockIndex* FindForkInGlobalIndex(const CChain& chain, const CBlockLocator& locator);

/** Mark a block as precious and reorganize. */
bool PreciousBlock(CValidationState& state, const CChainParams& params, CBlockIndex *pindex);

/** Mark a block as invalid. */
bool InvalidateBlock(CValidationState& state, const CChainParams& chainparams, CBlockIndex *pindex);

/** Remove invalidity status from a block and its descendants. */
bool ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex *pindex);

/** The currently-connected chain of blocks (protected by cs_main). */
extern CChain chainActive;

/** Global variable that points to the active CCoinsView (protected by cs_main) */
extern CCoinsViewCache *pcoinsTip;

/** Global variable that points to the active block tree (protected by cs_main) */
extern CBlockTreeDB *pblocktree;

/**
 * Return the spend height, which is one more than the inputs.GetBestBlock().
 * While checking, GetBestBlock() refers to the parent block. (protected by cs_main)
 * This is also true for mempool checks.
 */
int GetSpendHeight(const CCoinsViewCache& inputs);

extern VersionBitsCache versionbitscache;

/**
 * Determine what nVersion a new block should use.
 */
int32_t ComputeBlockVersion(const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, const Consensus::Params& params);

/** Reject codes greater or equal to this can be returned by AcceptToMemPool
 * for transactions, to signal internal conditions. They cannot and should not
 * be sent over the P2P network.
 */
static const unsigned int REJECT_INTERNAL = 0x100;
/** Too high fee. Can not be triggered by P2P transactions */
static const unsigned int REJECT_HIGHFEE = 0x100;
/** Transaction is already known (either in mempool or blockchain) */
static const unsigned int REJECT_ALREADY_KNOWN = 0x101;
/** Transaction conflicts with a transaction already known */
static const unsigned int REJECT_CONFLICT = 0x102;

/** Get block file info entry for one block file */
CBlockFileInfo* GetBlockFileInfo(size_t n);

/** Dump the mempool to disk. */
void DumpMempool();

/** Load the mempool from disk. */
bool LoadMempool();

#endif // BITCOIN_VALIDATION_H