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ip-网络接口管理.md

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ip command

The ip command is similar to the ifconfig command, but more powerful than the ifconfig command. Its main function is to display or set the configuration of network devices, routes, and tunnels. The ip command is an enhanced version of the network configuration tool in Linux, used to replace the ifconfig command.

Syntax

ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
ip [ -force ] -batch filename

OBJECT := { link | addr | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable | tunnel | tuntap | maddr | mroute | mrule | monitor | xfrm | netns }

OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -r[esolve] | -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx | dnet | link } | -o[neline] }

Parameters

OPTIONS

  • -b, -batch <FILENAME>: Read commands from the provided file or standard input, the first failure will lead to the termination of the ip execution.
  • -force: Do not terminate ip due to errors in batch mode. If any error occurs during command execution, the application return code will be non-zero.
  • -s, -stats, -statistics: Output more information. If this option appears two or more times, the amount of information will increase. Typically, the information is statistical information or some time values.
  • -l, -loops <COUNT>: Specify the maximum number of loops attempted by ip addr flush before giving up. The default value is 10, 0 means looping until all addresses are deleted.
  • -f, -family <FAMILY>: Specify the protocol family used. The protocol family identifier can be one of inet, inet6, bridge, ipx, dnet, or link. If this option does not exist, the protocol family is guessed based on other parameters. If the rest of the command line does not provide enough information to guess the family, ip will fall back to the default ip setting, usually inet or any. link is a special family identifier that does not involve any network protocols.
  • -4: Shortcut for -family inet.
  • -6: Shortcut for -family inet6.
  • -B: Shortcut for -family bridge.
  • -D: Shortcut for -family decnet.
  • -I: Shortcut for -family ipx.
  • -0: Shortcut for -family link.
  • -o, -oneline: Output each record as a single line, replacing newline characters with \ character. This is convenient when counting records with wc or grepping the output.
  • -r, -resolve: Print DNS names using the system's name resolution program instead of host addresses.
  • -V, -Version: Output version information.

OBJECT

  • address: Protocol address on a device, IP or IPv6.
  • addrlabel: Label configuration used for protocol address selection.
  • l2tp: IP tunnel Ethernet L2TPv3.
  • link: Network device.
  • maddress: Multicast addresses.
  • monitor: Monitor netlink messages.
  • mroute: Multicast routing cache entry.
  • mrule: Rule in the multicast routing policy database.
  • neighbour: Manage ARP or NDISC cache entries.
  • netns: Manage network namespaces.
  • ntable: Operations on the neighbour cache.
  • route: Routing table entry.
  • rule: Rule in the routing policy database.
  • tcp_metrics/tcpmetrics: Manage TCP metrics.
  • tunnel: IP tunnel.
  • tuntap: Manage TUN/TAP devices.
  • xfrm: Manage IPSec policies.

Examples

To view network interface information, such as IP addresses and subnets.

ip addr show

To view information about the eth0 network card.

ip addr show eth0

To enable a network interface.

ip link set eth0 up

To disable a network interface.

ip link set eth0 down

To view routing and default gateway information.

ip route show

To get routing information for a specific IP.

ip route get to 192.168.111.111

To view arp entries.

ip neigh

To view network statistics.

ip -s link

For detailed help information.

man ip

Daily Challenge

https://github.com/WindrunnerMax/EveryDay

Reference

https://www.computerhope.com/unix/ip.htm
https://www.commandlinux.com/man-page/man8/ip.8.html
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/ip-command-in-linux-with-examples/