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scp-安全拷贝文件.md

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SCP Command

The scp command is used for copying files and directories between Linux systems. scp stands for secure copy, and it is a secure remote file copy command based on ssh login in the Linux system. Using scp allows you to copy and transfer files from the local system to a remote system, from a remote system to the local system, and between two remote systems on the local system. scp is encrypted, while rcp is not encrypted. scp can be considered as an enhanced version of rcp.

Syntax

scp [OPTION] [user@]SRC_HOST:]file1 [user@]DEST_HOST:]file2

Options

  • -1: Force scp to use protocol 1, which is an older protocol.
  • -2: Force scp to use protocol 2, which is an older protocol.
  • -3: Specifies that the copy between two remote hosts is to be done through the local host. If not specified, the data will be copied directly between the two remote hosts and this option also disables the progress meter.
  • -4: Forces scp to use only IPv4 addresses.
  • -6: Forces scp to use only IPv6 addresses.
  • -B: Use batch mode, which means no interactive keyboard input is required to run scp. This also means that scp cannot prompt for the password to authenticate the session and requires the use of keys for authentication.
  • -C: Enable compression, passing the -C flag to ssh to enable compression of the encrypted connection.
  • -c cipher: Choose the cipher for encrypting data transmission, passing this option directly to ssh.
  • -F ssh_config: Specify an alternative per-user configuration file for ssh, passing this option directly to ssh.
  • -i identity_file: Choose the file containing the RSA identity (private key) for authentication, passing this option directly to ssh.
  • -l limit: Limit the bandwidth usage in Kbit/s.
  • -o ssh_option : Pass options to ssh in a format used in ssh_config, such as AddressFamily, BatchMode, BindAddress, etc., which is useful for specifying options that do not have separate scp command flags.
  • -P port: Specify the port to connect to on the remote host. Note that this option is specified with a capital P because -p is already reserved for preserving the time and mode of files in rcp.
  • -p: Preserve the original file's modification time, access time, and mode.
  • -q: Disable the progress meter.
  • -r: Recursively copy the entire directory.
  • -S program: Name of the program to use for encrypted connection, which must be able to parse ssh options.
  • -v: Verbose mode, which makes scp and ssh print debug messages about their progress. This is helpful for debugging connections, authentication, and configuration issues.

Examples

Transfer file.txt to a remote host.

scp file.txt [email protected]:/tmp
# file.txt                      100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00

Use a private key to transfer file.txt to a remote host.

scp -i ./v file.txt [email protected]:/tmp
# file.txt                      100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00

Transfer the file.txt file from a remote directory to the local system with private key authentication.

scp -i ./v [email protected]:/tmp/file.txt ./
# file.txt                      100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00

Daily Question

https://github.com/WindrunnerMax/EveryDay

References

https://www.computerhope.com/unix/scp.htm
https://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-comm-scp.html
https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-use-scp-command-to-securely-transfer-files/