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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<head>
<title>Grammar | Français avec Yash</title>
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<div id="jumbotron" class="mt-5 p-5 bg-primary">
<h1>Grammar</h1>
<p>Verbs, Nouns, Articles, Conjugations... Ahhhh! so much grammar.<br>Lets start with the basics then
progress as we go.</p>
</div>
<div class="container-fluid">
<h4 style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em;">Grammar is the building blocks of
all languages<br>It can be complex, so we'll start easy and then go on to more difficult topics</h4>
<!-- Nouns -->
<div id="nouns">
<h4 style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em">1. Articles, Pronouns and Nouns</h4>
<!-- Pronouns, articles, noun gender -->
<h5 style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-align: center;">Here's some important
information on Noun gender,
Noun pluralisation and Pronouns</h5>
<div class="row" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-primary">Unlike English, French distinguishes
between <strong><em>Masculine</em></strong> and <strong><em>Feminine</em></strong> nouns
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
Masculine nouns are preceded by <strong><em>Le (the)</em></strong> or <strong><em>Un
(a/an)</em></strong>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
Feminine nouns are preceded by <strong><em>La (the)</em></strong> or <strong><em>Une
(a/an)</em></strong>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
Plural nouns regardless of gender are preceded by <strong><em>Les</em></strong> or
<strong><em>Des</em></strong>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-primary">Like English, French also has a plural
<strong><em>-s</em></strong> suffix.<br>French also has <strong><em>-x</em></strong> and
<strong><em>-aux</em></strong> plural suffixes.
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
Generally to pluralise a noun you should add <strong><em>-s</em></strong>.<br>
<strong>Example:</strong><br>
le billet - les billet<strong><em>s</em></strong> (the ticket - the tickets)
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
Nouns that end with <strong><em>-au/-eau</em></strong>, <strong><em>-eu</em></strong>
and
<strong><em>-ou</em></strong> in should be pluralised with <strong><em>-x</em></strong>.
Although there are several exceptions.<br>
<strong>Example:</strong><br>
un château - des château<strong><em>x</em></strong> (a castle - castles)<br>
un cheveu - des cheveu<strong><em>x</em></strong> (a hair - hairs)<br>
un genou - un genou<strong><em>x</em></strong> (a knee - knees)<br>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
Nouns that end with <strong><em>-al</em></strong> and <strong><em>-ail</em></strong>
should be pluralised with <strong><em>-aux</em></strong>.
Although there are several
exceptions.<br>
<strong>Example:</strong><br>
uun journal - des journ<strong><em>aux</em></strong> (a newspaper - newspapers)<br>
un vitrail - des vitrau<strong><em>x</em></strong> (a stained-glass window -
stained-glass windows)<br>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<table class="table table-sm">
<thead>
<th style="text-align: center;" colspan="3">Subject Pronouns</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th> </th>
<th>Singular</th>
<th>Plural</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1<sup>st</sup> Person</td>
<td onClick="speak('Je', true);">Je / J' (I)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous', true);">Nous (We)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2<sup>nd</sup> Person</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu', true);">Tu (You)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous', true);">Vous (You)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3<sup>rd</sup> Person (masculin)</td>
<td onClick="speak('il', true);">Il (He)</td>
<td onClick="speak('ils', true);">Ils (They)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3<sup>rd</sup> Person (feminine)</td>
<td onClick="speak('elle', true);">Elle (She)</td>
<td onClick="speak('elles', true);">Elles (They)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3<sup>rd</sup> Person (neutral)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" onClick="speak('on', true);">On (we/one)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Video and flashcards -->
<h5 style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-align: center;">Optional: if you want to you
can take a look at the
following video and go through the set of flashcards with some common nouns</h5>
<div class="row" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
<div class="col-sm-6" style="margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: center; align-self: center;">
<div class="container-iframe">
<iframe class="responsive-iframe" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/x6wRlSZY5HI"
title="YouTube video player"
allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6" style="margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: center; align-self: center;">
<iframe src="https://h5p.org/h5p/embed/1237466" width="100%" height="500"
allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"
allow="geolocation *; microphone *; camera *; midi *; encrypted-media *"
title="French Nouns"></iframe>
<script src="https://h5p.org/sites/all/modules/h5p/library/js/h5p-resizer.js"
charset="UTF-8"></script>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<!-- Verbs -->
<div id="verbs">
<h4 style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em">2. Verbs, Moods and Tenses</h4>
<!-- Moods, tenses, verb types -->
<h5 style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-align: center;">Here's some important
information on Verb
conjugation, Moods and Tenses</h5>
<div class="row" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
<div class="col-sm-2">
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-primary">French Infinitive Verbs come in 3 forms
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
<strong><em>-er</em></strong> verbs<br>
<strong>Example:</strong>
Parl<strong><em>er</em></strong> (to speak)
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
<strong><em>-ir</em></strong> verbs<br>
<strong>Example:</strong>
Fin<strong><em>ir</em></strong> (to finish)
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
<strong><em>-re</em></strong> verbs<br>
<strong>Example:</strong>
Prend<strong><em>re</em></strong> (to take)
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-primary">3 Steps to conjugate any French
verb<br>(except verbs that use auxiliary verbs to be conjugated)
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
1. Take any verb in the infinitive form<br>
<strong>Example:</strong>
Parl<strong><em>er</em></strong> (to speak)
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
2. Remove the infinitive ending (<strong><em>-er</em></strong>,
<strong><em>-ir</em></strong>, or <strong><em>-re</em></strong>) leaving you with the
verb stem<br>
<strong>Example:</strong>
Parler => Parl-
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
3. Add the matching ending for that subject to the verb stem<br>
<strong>Example:</strong> 1<sup>st</sup> person singular <strong><em>Je</em></strong>
(I)<br>
Parl- => Parl + <strong><em>e</em></strong><br>
Je parl<strong><em>e</em></strong> (I speak)
</li>
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-secondary">
See below for specific conjugation rules
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-primary">3 Steps to conjugate any French verb
that uses auxiliary verbs to be conjugated eg: <strong><em>passé composé</em></strong>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
1. Take any verb in the infinitive form<br>
<strong>Example:</strong>
Parl<strong><em>er</em></strong> (to speak)
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
2. Remove the infinitive ending (<strong><em>-er</em></strong>,
<strong><em>-ir</em></strong>, or <strong><em>-re</em></strong>) and Add the past
participle ending<br>
<strong>Example:</strong>
Parler => Parl-<br>
Past participle ending for <strong><em>-er</em></strong> verbs =
<strong><em>é</em></strong><br>
Past participle = Parl + é
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
3. Add the matching auxiliary for that subject before past participle<br>
<strong>Example:</strong><br>
Auxiliary for 1<sup>st</sup> person singular <strong><em>Je</em></strong>
(I) = <strong><em>ai</em></strong><br>
J'<strong><em>ai</em></strong> parl<strong><em>é</em></strong> (I spoke)
</li>
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-secondary">
See below for specific conjugation rules
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-primary"><strong><em></em>Les Modes et
Temps</em></strong> (Moods and Tenses)<br>
French has 4 Modes that contain tenses
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
<strong><em>l'indicatif</em></strong> (The indicative mood)<br>
<strong>Tenses:</strong><br>
<strong><em>le présent</em></strong> (the present),
<strong><em>l'imparfait</em></strong> (past progressive), <strong><em>le passé
composé</em></strong> (simple past), <strong><em>le futur simple</em></strong>
('will' future) and <strong><em>le futur proche</em></strong> ('going to' future).
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
<strong><em>le subjonctif</em></strong> (The subjunctive mood)<br>
This moood is similar to a tense in the sense that it has it's own conjugation rules. It
is used in clauses that usually start with <strong><em>que</em></strong> to express a
possibility, hypothesis, wish, doubt or uncertainty.<br>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
<strong><em>le conditionnel</em></strong> (The conditional mood)<br>
<strong>Tenses:</strong><br>
<strong><em>conditionnel présent</em></strong> (conditional present) and
<strong><em>conditionnel passé</em></strong> (conditional past)
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
<strong><em>l'impératif</em></strong> (The imperative mood)<br>
<strong>Tenses:</strong><br>
<strong><em>impératif présent</em></strong> (imperative present) and
<strong><em>impératif
passé</em></strong> (imperative past)
</li>
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-secondary">
Note that there are several details about the moods and tenses which I have not included
here. For
our purposes we will only focus on a few tenses such as the <strong><em>le
présent</em></strong> (the present),
<strong><em>le passé
composé</em></strong> (simple past) and <strong><em>le futur
proche</em></strong> ('going to' future).
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Verb conjugations -->
<h5 style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-align: center;">Finally, the moment you're been
waiting for,
conjugating (REGULAR) verbs<br><em>Hint: Tap the example to hear the pronunciation</em></h5>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><em>NOTE: There are many exceptions to some conjugation
rules</em></strong></p>
<!-- Present tense -->
<h6 style="text-align: center;">Le présent (the present tense)</h6>
<div class="row" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align: center;">Present tense -er Verb Conjugations</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Ending</th>
<th onClick="speak('Parler', true);">Example: Parler (to speak)</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Je (I)</td>
<td>-e</td>
<td onClick="speak('Je parle', true);">parl<strong><em>e</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tu (You)</td>
<td>-es</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu parles', true);">parl<strong><em>es</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>il / elle / on (he / she / we | one)</td>
<td>-e</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on parle', true);">parl<strong><em>e</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nous (We)</td>
<td>-ons</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous parlons', true);">parl<strong><em>ons</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vous (You)</td>
<td>-ez</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous parlez', true);">parl<strong><em>ez</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ils / elles (they)</td>
<td>-ent</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles parlent', true);">parl<strong><em>ent</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align: center;">Present tense -ir Verb Conjugations</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Ending</th>
<th onClick="speak('Finir', true);">Example: Finir (to finish)</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Je (I)</td>
<td>-is</td>
<td onClick="speak('Je finis', true);">fin<strong><em>is</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tu (You)</td>
<td>-is</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu finis', true);">fin<strong><em>is</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>il / elle / on (he / she / we | one)</td>
<td>-it</td>
<td onClick="speak('Il - Elle - On finit', true);">fin<strong><em>it</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nous (We)</td>
<td>-issons</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous finissons', true);">fin<strong><em>issons</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vous (You)</td>
<td>-issez</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous finissez', true);">fin<strong><em>issez</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ils / elles (they)</td>
<td>-issent</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles finissent', true);">
fin<strong><em>issent</em></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align: center;">Present tense -er Verb Conjugations</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Ending</th>
<th onClick="speak('Perdre', true);">Example: Perdre (to lose)</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Je (I)</td>
<td>-s</td>
<td onClick="speak('Je perds', true);">perd<strong><em>s</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tu (You)</td>
<td>-s</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu perds', true);">perd<strong><em>s</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>il / elle / on (he / she / we | one)</td>
<td>-</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on perd', true);">perd<strong><em></em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nous (We)</td>
<td>-ons</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous perdons', true);">perd<strong><em>ons</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vous (You)</td>
<td>-ez</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous perdez', true);">parl<strong><em>ez</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ils / elles (they)</td>
<td>-ent</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles perdent', true);">perd<strong><em>ent</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Past tense -->
<h6 style="text-align: center;">Le passé composé (the past tense)</h6>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><em>NOTE: Most verbs use AVOIR as their auxiliary verb but some
use ÊTRE</em></strong></p>
<div class="row" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align: center;">Past tense -er Verb Conjugations</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Auxiliary</th>
<th onClick="speak('Parler', true);">Example: Parler (to speak)</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>J' (I)</td>
<td>ai</td>
<td onClick="speak('J\'ai parlé', true);"><strong><em>ai</em></strong>
parl<strong><em>é</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tu (You)</td>
<td>as</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu a parlé', true);"><strong><em>as</em></strong>
parl<strong><em>é</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>il / elle / on (he / she / we | one)</td>
<td>a</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on a parlé', true);"><strong><em>a</em></strong>
parl<strong><em>é</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nous (We)</td>
<td>avons</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous avons parlé', true);"><strong><em>avons</em></strong>
parl<strong><em>é</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vous (You)</td>
<td>avez</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous avez parlé', true);"><strong><em>avez</em></strong>
parl<strong><em>é</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ils / elles (they)</td>
<td>ont</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles ont parlé', true);"><strong><em>ont</em></strong>
parl<strong><em>é</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<th colspan="3">Past participle ending for regular <strong><em>-er</em></strong> verbs =
é</th>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align: center;">Past tense -ir Verb Conjugations</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Auxiliary</th>
<th onClick="speak('Finir', true);">Example: Finir (to finish)</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>J' (I)</td>
<td>ai</td>
<td onClick="speak('J\'ai fini', true);"><strong><em>ai</em></strong>
fin<strong><em>i</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tu (You)</td>
<td>as</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu a fini', true);"><strong><em>as</em></strong>
fin<strong><em>i</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>il / elle / on (he / she / we | one)</td>
<td>a</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on a fini', true);"><strong><em>a</em></strong>
fin<strong><em>i</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nous (We)</td>
<td>avons</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous avons fini', true);"><strong><em>avons</em></strong>
fin<strong><em>i</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vous (You)</td>
<td>avez</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous avez fini', true);"><strong><em>avez</em></strong>
fin<strong><em>i</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ils / elles (they)</td>
<td>ont</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles ont fini', true);"><strong><em>ont</em></strong>
fin<strong><em>i</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<th colspan="3">Past participle ending for regular <strong><em>-ir</em></strong> verbs =
i</th>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align: center;">Past tense -re Verb Conjugations</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Auxiliary</th>
<th onClick="speak('Perdre', true);">Example: Perdre (to lose)</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>J' (I)</td>
<td>ai</td>
<td onClick="speak('J\'ai perdu', true);"><strong><em>ai</em></strong>
perd<strong><em>u</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tu (You)</td>
<td>as</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu a perdu', true);"><strong><em>as</em></strong>
perd<strong><em>u</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>il / elle / on (he / she / we | one)</td>
<td>a</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on a perdu', true);"><strong><em>a</em></strong>
perd<strong><em>u</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nous (We)</td>
<td>avons</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous avons perdu', true);"><strong><em>avons</em></strong>
perd<strong><em>u</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vous (You)</td>
<td>avez</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous avez perdu', true);"><strong><em>avez</em></strong>
perd<strong><em>u</em></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ils / elles (they)</td>
<td>ont</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles ont perdu', true);"><strong><em>ont</em></strong>
perd<strong><em>u</em></strong>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<th colspan="3">Past participle ending for regular <strong><em>-er</em></strong> verbs =
u</th>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Future tense -->
<h6 style="text-align: center;">Le futur proche (the future tense)</h6>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Note:</strong> This is a basic and intuitive way of usign the
future tense.<br>
It is a <em>'going to'</em> future tense. eg: <strong>Je <em>vais</em> parler</strong> (I am
<em>going to</em> speak)<br>It is formed with the
present tense form of <strong><em>aller</em></strong> (to go) as the auxilary + an infinitive verb
</p>
<div class="row">
<dic class="col-sm-3"> </dic>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th colspan="5" style="text-align: center;">Simple future tense -er, -ir and -re Verb
Conjugations</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Auxiliary</th>
<th onClick="speak('Parler', true);">Example: Parler (to speak)</th>
<th onClick="speak('Finir', true);">Example: Finir (to finish)</th>
<th onClick="speak('Faire', true);">Example: Faire (to do)</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Je (I)</td>
<td>vais</td>
<td onClick="speak('Je vais parler', true);"><strong><em>vais</em></strong>
parler</td>
<td onClick="speak('Je vais finir', true);"><strong><em>vais</em></strong>
finir</td>
<td onClick="speak('Je vais faire', true);"><strong><em>vais</em></strong>
faire</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tu (You)</td>
<td>vas</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu vas parler', true);"><strong><em>vas</em></strong>
parler</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu vas finir', true);"><strong><em>vas</em></strong>
finir</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu vas faire', true);"><strong><em>vas</em></strong>
faire</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>il / elle / on (he / she / we | one)</td>
<td>va</td>
<td onClick="speak('Il - Elle - on va parler', true);"><strong><em>va</em></strong>
parler</td>
<td onClick="speak('Il - Elle - on va finir', true);"><strong><em>va</em></strong>
finir</td>
<td onClick="speak('Il - Elle - on va faire', true);"><strong><em>va</em></strong>
faire</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nous (We)</td>
<td>avons</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous allons parler', true);"><strong><em>allons</em></strong>
parler</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous allons finir', true);"><strong><em>allons</em></strong>
finir</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous allons faire', true);"><strong><em>allons</em></strong>
faire</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vous (You)</td>
<td>avez</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous allez parler', true);"><strong><em>allez</em></strong>
parler</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous allez finir', true);"><strong><em>allez</em></strong>
finir</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous allez faire', true);"><strong><em>allez</em></strong>
faire</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ils / elles (they)</td>
<td>ont</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles vont parler', true);"><strong><em>vont</em></strong>
parler</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles vont finir', true);"><strong><em>vont</em></strong>
finir</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles vont faire', true);"><strong><em>vont</em></strong>
faire</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<dic class="col-sm-3"> </dic>
</div>
<!-- Iregullar verbs -->
<h6 style="text-align: center;">Must know irregular verb conjugations</h6>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-3">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th onClick="speak('Avoir', true);" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;">Avoir</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Le présent</th>
<th>Le passé composé</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>J' (I)</td>
<td onClick="speak('J\'ai', true);">ai</td>
<td onClick="speak('J\'ai eu', true);">ai eu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tu (You)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu as', true);">as</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu as eu', true);">as eu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>il / elle / on (he / she / we | one)</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on a', true);">a
</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on a eu', true);">a eu
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nous (We)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous avons', true);">avons</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous avons eu', true);">avons eu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vous (You)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous avez', true);">avez</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous avez eu', true);">avez eu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ils / elles (they)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles ont', true);">ont</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles ont eu', true);">ont eu</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th onClick="speak('Être', true);" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;">Être</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Le présent</th>
<th>Le passé composé</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>J' (I)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Je suis', true);">suis</td>
<td onClick="speak('J\'ai été', true);">ai été</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tu (You)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu es', true);">es</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu as été', true);">as été</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>il / elle / on (he / she / we | one)</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on est', true);">est
</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on a été', true);">a été
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nous (We)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous sommes', true);">sommes</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous avons été', true);">avons été</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vous (You)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous êtes', true);">êtes</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous avez été', true);">avez été</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ils / elles (they)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles sont', true);">sont</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles ont été', true);">ont été</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th onClick="speak('Faire', true);" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;">Faire</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Le présent</th>
<th>Le passé composé</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>J' (I)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Je fais', true);">fais</td>
<td onClick="speak('J\'ai fait', true);">ai fait</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tu (You)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu fais', true);">fais</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu as fait', true);">as fait</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>il / elle / on (he / she / we | one)</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on fait', true);">fait
</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on a fait', true);">a fait
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nous (We)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous faisons', true);">faisons</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous avons fait', true);">avons fait</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vous (You)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous faites', true);">faites</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous avez fait', true);">avez fait</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ils / elles (they)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles font', true);">font</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles ont fait', true);">ont fait</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th onClick="speak('Aller', true);" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;">Aller</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Le présent</th>
<th>Le passé composé</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>J' (I)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Je vais', true);">vais</td>
<td onClick="speak('Je suis allé', true);">suis allé(e)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tu (You)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu vas', true);">vas</td>
<td onClick="speak('Tu es allé', true);">es allé(e)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>il / elle / on (he / she / we | one)</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on va', true);">va
</td>
<td onClick="speak('il - elle - on est allé', true);">est allé(e)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nous (We)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous allons', true);">allons</td>
<td onClick="speak('Nous sommes allé', true);">sommes allé(e)s</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vous (You)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous allez', true);">allez</td>
<td onClick="speak('Vous êtes allé', true);">êtes allé(e)(s)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ils / elles (they)</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles vont', true);">vont</td>
<td onClick="speak('Ils - Elles sont allé', true);">sont allé(e)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<!-- French verbs multiple choice -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6" style="margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: center;">
<h6>Now that you know you know all about verbs, it's time to test what you've learned</h6>
<iframe src="https://h5p.org/h5p/embed/1237472" width="100%" height="400"
allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"
allow="geolocation *; microphone *; camera *; midi *; encrypted-media *"
title="French Verbs"></iframe>
<script src="https://h5p.org/sites/all/modules/h5p/library/js/h5p-resizer.js"
charset="UTF-8"></script>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6" style="margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: center;">
<h6>Optional: If you want you could take a look at this useful video on verbs</h6>
<div class="container-iframe">
<iframe class="responsive-iframe" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/59F0_uIxhHk"
title="YouTube video player"
allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<!-- sentence structures -->
<div class="structure">
<h4 style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em">3. Making Sentences</h4>
<h5 style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-align: center;">Here's some important
information on Sentence structures in French</h5>
<!-- Declarative sentence, Negation and Questions -->
<p style="text-align: center;">Like Englishm French follows the <strong>SVO</strong>
(Subject, Verb, Object) word order<br>Let's take a look at how to form <strong>declarative</strong>
sentences along with how to add <strong>negation</strong> and how to ask <strong>questiosn</strong>
in French</p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<h5 style="text-align: center;">Declarative Sentence</h5>
<table class="table">
<thead>
<th colspan="4" style="text-align: center;">Direct Object (le présent)
</th>