Update Python dependencies (major)

[renovate]

This PR contains the following updates:

Package	Change	Age	Confidence
ops (changelog)	2.23.1 -> 3.3.1
ops (changelog)	^2.23.1 -> ^3.3.1
pydantic (changelog)	^1.10.22, <2 -> ^2.12.4, <3
pytest (changelog)	^8.4.1 -> ^9.0.1

---

Release Notes

canonical/operator (ops)

v3.3.1: : fix loading the Juju machine ID

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This is a bug-fix release to fix an issue introduced in Ops 3.3.0 (in production) and Ops 3.2.0 (in testing), where loading the Juju machine ID would fail if the ID was not an integer.

The type of the machine ID (both in ops.JujuContext and testing.Context) is changed from int to str, so some code or tests may need to be adjusted to use the correct type.

What's Changed

Fixes

• Change JujuContext.machine_id from int to str (#​2108)

Full Changelog: canonical/operator@3.3.0...3.3.1

v3.3.0

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Features

• Expose the Juju hook context in ops.JujuContext (#​1996)

Fixes

• In testing, separate relation data cache from mock Juju backend (#​2052)

Documentation

• Use uv for testing and packing the httpbin charm (#​2011)
• Improve intro to ops.testing reference (#​2023)
• In httpbin charm integration tests, add env var for charm file to deploy (#​2018)
• Update get_cloud_spec doc now that credential-get works on K8s (#​2031)
• Note that arbitrary_types_allowed is required when ops.Secret is used in a Pydantic class (#​2038)
• Clean up Resources.fetch docstring, add ModelError exception (#​2039)
• Note that the peer databag isn't usable during the install event (#​2051)
• Fix testing code in actions how-to guide (#​2054)

CI

• Nicer logging output in the release script using rich (#​2017)
• Clean up PYTHONPATH in tox.ini (#​2058)

v3.2.0

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Features

• Add security event logging (#​1905)
• Surface JUJU_MACHINE_ID envvar in testing env (#​1961)
• Add a new log target type opentelemetry (#​1937)

Documentation

• Update links and config for switch to documentation.ubuntu.com/ops (#​1940)
• Update the required Python version and note the 2.x documentation site (#​1946)
• Be consistent with recommending self.config (#​1947)
• Use latest styles from starter pack and remove .html extensions (#​1951)
• Remove .html extensions from hardcoded links (#​1955)
• Fix broken URLs in sitemap (#​1956)
• Add related doc links to homepage (#​1959)
• Use classes from ops instead of ops. (#​1968)
• Fix unstyled error pages (#​1969)
• Add Google Analyics integration and cookie consent banner (#​1971)
• Refresh docs homepage with more context about Ops (#​1964)
• Update link to Charmlibs docs (#​1985)
• Remove unnecessary pages from sitemap (#​1979)
• Update the httpbin example charm to Jubilant (#​1987)
• Update the Zero to Hero tutorial to Jubilant (#​1988)
• Add model-config best practice note (#​1990)
• Change some best practices to tips (#​2001)
• Add integration test for invalid config in httpbin charm (#​2002)
• Make a Layer instead of a LayerDict in the httpbin charm (#​2003)
• Update how-to to feature Jubilant (#​2000, #​2004)
• Use Charmcraft-style format and lint for example charms, not Ops-style (#​2008)
• Update broken link to HookVars source code (#​2006)

CI

• Fixes for the SBOM and security scan workflow, and trigger it on publishing (#​1916)
• Store the charmcraft logs if packing fails (#​1936)
• Install release dependencies for the TIOBE analysis (#​1930)
• Add Juju 4/beta to the smoke test matrix (#​1963)
• Adjust permissions block in publish workflow (#​1984)
• Update actions/checkout to v5 (#​1993)
• Enable doctests (#​1991)
• Ignore juju/4 timeouts (#​1998)
• Remove the token for SBOM and security scan workflow (#​2009)
• Speed up integration test (#​1978)

v3.1.0

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Features

• Release automation script (#​1855)
• Add app_name and unit_id attributes to testing.context (#​1920)

Fixes

• If an event ends with _abort(0) tests should behave as if it ended successfully (#​1887)
• If self.app is not actually set avoid a new crash location (#​1897)
• Only add the remote unit for departed and broken relation events, fix ordering (#​1918)
• Add the remote unit to relation.data but not relation.units (#​1925)

Documentation

• Use load_config in the httpbin example charm (#​1852)
• Update HACKING.md with how to bump ops version in Charmcraft profiles (#​1872)
• Change title of docs site (#​1890)
• Use config and action classes in the Kubernetes tutorial (#​1891)
• Reference example charms from K8s tutorial and fix consistency (#​1898)
• Update style guide (#​1720)
• Fix issues in how-to guide for stored state (#​1901)
• Link out to the 12-factor tutorials from the tutorial index page (#​1902)
• Replace broken link in testing explanation (#​1913)
• Expand the storage how-to with content from Juju docs scheduled for removal (#​1915)
• Ops tracing how to (#​1853)
• Add a security explanation doc (#​1904)

Tests

• Replace Python version to 3.10 for observability charm tests (#​1914)

CI

• Use httpbin demo charm for the Charmcraft pack test (#​1895)
• Move TIOBE workflow to self-hosted runners (#​1912)
• Add SBOM generation and secscan workflow (#​1906)
• Build and publish in one step (#​1857)
• Update the name and email when updating the charm pins (#​1924)
• Drop smoke test against 20.04 (#​1923)

v3.0.0

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The minimum version of Python for Ops 3.x is 3.10.

Documentation

• Be consistent with recommending self.app and self.unit (#​1856)

CI

• Hotfix, publish job for ops-tracing (#​1865)

pydantic/pydantic (pydantic)

v2.12.4

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v2.12.3

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GitHub release

What's Changed

This is the third 2.13 patch release, fixing issues related to the FieldInfo class, and reverting a change to the supported
after model validator function signatures.

• Raise a warning when an invalid after model validator function signature is raised by @​Viicos in #​12414.
  Starting in 2.12.0, using class methods for after model validators raised an error, but the error wasn't raised concistently. We decided
  to emit a deprecation warning instead.
• Add FieldInfo.asdict() method, improve documentation around FieldInfo by @​Viicos in #​12411.
  This also add back support for mutations on FieldInfo classes, that are reused as Annotated metadata. However, note that this is still
  not a supported pattern. Instead, please refer to the added example in the documentation.

The blog post section on changes was also updated to document the changes related to serialize_as_any.

v2.12.2

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Release a new pydantic-core version, as a corrupted CPython 3.10 manylinux2014_aarch64 wheel got uploaded (pydantic-core#1843).
• Fix issue with recursive generic models with a parent model class by @​Viicos in #​12398

v2.12.1

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GitHub release

What's Changed

This is the first 2.12 patch release, addressing most (but not all yet) regressions from the initial 2.12.0 release.

Fixes

• Do not evaluate annotations when inspecting validators and serializers by @​Viicos in #​12355
• Make sure None is converted as NoneType in Python 3.14 by @​Viicos in #​12370
• Backport V1 runtime warning when using Python 3.14 by @​Viicos in #​12367
• Fix error message for invalid validator signatures by @​Viicos in #​12366
• Populate field name in ValidationInfo for validation of default value by @​Viicos in pydantic-core#1826
• Encode credentials in MultiHostUrl builder by @​willswire in pydantic-core#1829
• Respect field serializers when using serialize_as_any serialization flag by @​davidhewitt in pydantic-core#1829
• Fix various RootModel serialization issues by @​davidhewitt in pydantic-core#1836

New Contributors

• @​willswire made their first contribution in pydantic-core#1829

v2.12.0

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GitHub release

What's Changed

This is the final 2.12 release. It features the work of 20 external contributors and provides useful new features, along with initial Python 3.14 support.
Several minor changes (considered non-breaking changes according to our versioning policy)
are also included in this release. Make sure to look into them before upgrading.

Note that Pydantic V1 is not compatible with Python 3.14 and greater.

Changes (see the alpha and beta releases for additional changes since 2.11):

Packaging

• Update V1 copy to v1.10.24 by @​Viicos in #​12338

New Features

• Add extra parameter to the validate functions by @​anvilpete in #​12233
• Add exclude_computed_fields serialization option by @​Viicos in #​12334
• Add preverse_empty_path URL options by @​Viicos in #​12336
• Add union_format parameter to JSON Schema generation by @​Viicos in #​12147
• Add __qualname__ parameter for create_model by @​Atry in #​12001

Fixes

• Do not try to infer name from lambda definitions in pipelines API by @​Viicos in #​12289
• Use proper namespace for functions in TypeAdapter by @​Viicos in #​12324
• Use Any for context type annotation in TypeAdapter by @​inducer in #​12279
• Expose FieldInfo in pydantic.fields.__all__ by @​Viicos in #​12339
• Respect validation_alias in @validate_call by @​Viicos in #​12340
• Use Any as context annotation in plugin API by @​Viicos in #​12341
• Use proper stacklevel in warnings when possible by @​Viicos in #​12342

New Contributors

• @​anvilpete made their first contribution in #​12233
• @​JonathanWindell made their first contribution in #​12327
• @​inducer made their first contribution in #​12279
• @​Atry made their first contribution in #​12001

v2.11.10

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Backport v1.10.24 changes by @​Viicos

v2.11.9

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Backport v1.10.23 changes by @​Viicos

v2.11.8

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Fix mypy plugin for mypy 1.18 by @​cdce8p in #​12209

v2.11.7

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Copy FieldInfo instance if necessary during FieldInfo build by @​Viicos in #​11898

v2.11.6

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Rebuild dataclass fields before schema generation by @​Viicos in #​11949
• Always store the original field assignment on FieldInfo by @​Viicos in #​11946

v2.11.5

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Check if FieldInfo is complete after applying type variable map by @​Viicos in #​11855
• Do not delete mock validator/serializer in model_rebuild() by @​Viicos in #​11890
• Do not duplicate metadata on model rebuild by @​Viicos in #​11902

v2.11.4

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Packaging

• Bump mkdocs-llmstxt to v0.2.0 by @​Viicos in #​11725

Changes

• Allow config and bases to be specified together in create_model() by @​Viicos in #​11714.
  This change was backported as it was previously possible (although not meant to be supported)
  to provide model_config as a field, which would make it possible to provide both configuration
  and bases.

Fixes

• Remove generics cache workaround by @​Viicos in #​11755
• Remove coercion of decimal constraints by @​Viicos in #​11772
• Fix crash when expanding root type in the mypy plugin by @​Viicos in #​11735
• Fix issue with recursive generic models by @​Viicos in #​11775
• Traverse function-before schemas during schema gathering by @​Viicos in #​11801

v2.11.3

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Packaging

• Update V1 copy to v1.10.21 by @​Viicos in #​11706

Fixes

• Preserve field description when rebuilding model fields by @​Viicos in #​11698

v2.11.2

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Bump pydantic-core to v2.33.1 by @​Viicos in #​11678
• Make sure __pydantic_private__ exists before setting private attributes by @​Viicos in #​11666
• Do not override FieldInfo._complete when using field from parent class by @​Viicos in #​11668
• Provide the available definitions when applying discriminated unions by @​Viicos in #​11670
• Do not expand root type in the mypy plugin for variables by @​Viicos in #​11676
• Mention the attribute name in model fields deprecation message by @​Viicos in #​11674
• Properly validate parameterized mappings by @​Viicos in #​11658

v2.11.1

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Backport v1.10.24 changes by @​Viicos

v2.11.0

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Pydantic v2.11 is a version strongly focused on build time performance of Pydantic models (and core schema generation in general).
See the blog post for more details.

Packaging

• Bump pydantic-core to v2.33.0 by @​Viicos in #​11631

New Features

• Add encoded_string() method to the URL types by @​YassinNouh21 in #​11580
• Add support for defer_build with @validate_call decorator by @​Viicos in #​11584
• Allow @with_config decorator to be used with keyword arguments by @​Viicos in #​11608
• Simplify customization of default value inclusion in JSON Schema generation by @​Viicos in #​11634
• Add generate_arguments_schema() function by @​Viicos in #​11572

Fixes

• Allow generic typed dictionaries to be used for unpacked variadic keyword parameters by @​Viicos in #​11571
• Fix runtime error when computing model string representation involving cached properties and self-referenced models by @​Viicos in #​11579
• Preserve other steps when using the ellipsis in the pipeline API by @​Viicos in #​11626
• Fix deferred discriminator application logic by @​Viicos in #​11591

New Contributors

• @​cmenon12 made their first contribution in #​11562
• @​Jeukoh made their first contribution in #​11611

v2.10.6

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Fix JSON Schema reference collection with 'examples' keys by @​Viicos in #​11325
• Fix url python serialization by @​sydney-runkle in #​11331

v2.10.5

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Remove custom MRO implementation of Pydantic models by @​Viicos in #​11184
• Fix URL serialization for unions by @​sydney-runkle in #​11233

v2.10.4

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Packaging

• Bump pydantic-core to v2.27.2 by @​davidhewitt in #​11138

Fixes

• Fix for comparison of AnyUrl objects by @​alexprabhat99 in #​11082
• Properly fetch PEP 695 type params for functions, do not fetch annotations from signature by @​Viicos in #​11093
• Include JSON Schema input core schema in function schemas by @​Viicos in #​11085
• Add len to _BaseUrl to avoid TypeError by @​Kharianne in #​11111
• Make sure the type reference is removed from the seen references by @​Viicos in #​11143

New Contributors

• @​FyZzyss made their first contribution in #​10789
• @​tamird made their first contribution in #​10948
• @​felixxm made their first contribution in #​11077
• @​alexprabhat99 made their first contribution in #​11082
• @​Kharianne made their first contribution in #​11111

v2.10.3

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Set fields when defer_build is set on Pydantic dataclasses by @​Viicos in #​10984
• Do not resolve the JSON Schema reference for dict core schema keys by @​Viicos in #​10989
• Use the globals of the function when evaluating the return type for PlainSerializer and WrapSerializer functions by @​Viicos in #​11008
• Fix host required enforcement for urls to be compatible with v2.9 behavior by @​sydney-runkle in #​11027
• Add a default_factory_takes_validated_data property to FieldInfo by @​Viicos in #​11034
• Fix url json schema in serialization mode by @​sydney-runkle in #​11035

v2.10.2

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Fixes

• Only evaluate FieldInfo annotations if required during schema building by @​Viicos in #​10769
• Do not evaluate annotations for private fields by @​Viicos in #​10962
• Support serialization as any for Secret types and Url types by @​sydney-runkle in #​10947
• Fix type hint of Field.default to be compatible with Python 3.8 and 3.9 by @​Viicos in #​10972
• Add hashing support for URL types by @​sydney-runkle in #​10975
• Hide BaseModel.__replace__ definition from type checkers by @​Viicos in #​10979

v2.10.1

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GitHub release

What's Changed

Packaging

• Bump pydantic-core version to v2.27.1 by @​sydney-runkle in #​10938

Fixes

• Use the correct frame when instantiating a parametrized TypeAdapter by @​Viicos in #​10893
• Relax check for validated data in default_factory utils by @​sydney-runkle in #​10909
• Fix type checking issue with model_fields and model_computed_fields by @​sydney-runkle in #​10911
• Use the parent configuration during schema generation for stdlib dataclasses by @​sydney-runkle in #​10928
• Use the globals of the function when evaluating the return type of serializers and computed_fields by @​Viicos in #​10929
• Fix URL constraint application by @​sydney-runkle in #​10922
• Fix URL equality with different validation methods by @​sydney-runkle in #​10934
• Fix JSON schema title when specified as '' by @​sydney-runkle in #​10936
• Fix python mode serialization for complex inference by @​sydney-runkle in pydantic-core#1549

New Contributors

v2.10.0

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The code released in v2.10.0 is practically identical to that of v2.10.0b2.

GitHub release

See the v2.10 release blog post for the highlights!

What's Changed

Packaging

• Bump pydantic-core to v2.27.0 by @​sydney-runkle in #​10825
• Replaced pdm with uv by @​frfahim in #​10727

New Features

• Support fractions.Fraction by @​sydney-runkle in #​10318
• Support Hashable for json validation by @​sydney-runkle in #​10324
• Add a SocketPath type for linux systems by @​theunkn0wn1 in #​10378
• Allow arbitrary refs in JSON schema examples by @​sydney-runkle in #​10417
• Support defer_build for Pydantic dataclasses by @​Viicos in #​10313
• Adding v1 / v2 incompatibility warning for nested v1 model by @​sydney-runkle in #​10431
• Add support for unpacked TypedDict to type hint variadic keyword arguments with @validate_call by @​Viicos in #​10416
• Support compiled patterns in protected_namespaces by @​sydney-runkle in #​10522
• Add support for propertyNames in JSON schema by @​FlorianSW in #​10478
• Adding __replace__ protocol for Python 3.13+ support by @​sydney-runkle in #​10596
• Expose public sort method for JSON schema generation by @​sydney-runkle in #​10595
• Add runtime validation of @validate_call callable argument by @​kc0506 in #​10627
• Add experimental_allow_partial support by @​samuelcolvin in #​10748
• Support default factories taking validated data as an argument by @​Viicos in #​10678
• Allow subclassing ValidationError and PydanticCustomError by @​Youssefares in pydantic/pydantic-core#1413
• Add trailing-strings support to experimental_allow_partial by @​sydney-runkle in #​10825
• Add rebuild() method for TypeAdapter and simplify defer_build patterns by @​sydney-runkle in #​10537
• Improve TypeAdapter instance repr by @​sydney-runkle in #​10872

Changes

• Don't allow customization of SchemaGenerator until interface is more stable by @​sydney-runkle in #​10303
• Cleanly defer_build on TypeAdapters, removing experimental flag by @​sydney-runkle in #​10329
• Fix mro of generic subclass by @​kc0506 in #​10100
• Strip whitespaces on JSON Schema title generation by @​sydney-runkle in #​10404
• Use b64decode and b64encode for Base64Bytes type by @​sydney-runkle in #​10486
• Relax protected namespace config default by @​sydney-runkle in #​10441
• Revalidate parametrized generics if instance's origin is subclass of OG class by @​sydney-runkle in #​10666
• Warn if configuration is specified on the @dataclass decorator and with the __pydantic_config__ attribute by @​sydney-runkle in #​10406
• Recommend against using Ellipsis (...) with Field by @​Viicos in #​10661
• Migrate to subclassing instead of annotated approach for pydantic url types by @​sydney-runkle in #​10662
• Change JSON schema generation of Literals and Enums by @​Viicos in #​10692
• Simplify unions involving Any or Never when replacing type variables by @​Viicos in #​10338
• Do not require padding when decoding base64 bytes by @​bschoenmaeckers in pydantic/pydantic-core#1448
• Support dates all the way to 1BC by @​changhc in pydantic/speedate#77

Performance

• Schema cleaning: skip unnecessary copies during schema walking by @​Viicos in #​10286
• Refactor namespace logic for annotations evaluation by @​Viicos in #​10530
• Improve email regexp on edge cases by @​AlekseyLobanov in #​10601
• CoreMetadata refactor with an emphasis on documentation, schema build time performance, and reducing complexity by @​sydney-runkle in #​10675

Fixes

• Remove guarding check on computed_field with field_serializer by @​nix010 in #​10390
• Fix Predicate issue in v2.9.0 by @​sydney-runkle in #​10321
• Fixing annotated-types bound by @​sydney-runkle in #​10327
• Turn tzdata install requirement into optional timezone dependency by @​jakob-keller in #​10331
• Use correct types namespace when building namedtuple core schemas by @​Viicos in #​10337
• Fix evaluation of stringified annotations during namespace inspection by @​Viicos in #​10347
• Fix IncEx type alias definition by @​Viicos in #​10339
• Do not error when trying to evaluate annotations of private attributes by @​Viicos in #​10358
• Fix nested type statement by @​kc0506 in #​10369
• Improve typing of ModelMetaclass.mro by @​Viicos in #​10372
• Fix class access of deprecated computed_fields by @​Viicos in #​10391
• Make sure inspect.iscoroutinefunction works on coroutines decorated with @validate_call by @​MovisLi in #​10374
• Fix NameError when using validate_call with PEP 695 on a class by @​kc0506 in #​10380
• Fix ZoneInfo with various invalid types by @​sydney-runkle in #​10408
• Fix PydanticUserError on empty model_config with annotations by @​cdwilson in #​10412
• Fix variance issue in _IncEx type alias, only allow True by @​Viicos in #​10414
• Fix serialization schema generation when using PlainValidator by @​Viicos in #​10427
• Fix schema generation error when serialization schema holds references by @​Viicos in #​10444
• Inline references if possible when generating schema for json_schema_input_type by @​Viicos in #​10439
• Fix recursive arguments in Representation by @​Viicos in #​10480
• Fix representation for builtin function types by @​kschwab in #​10479
• Add python validators for decimal constraints (max_digits and decimal_places) by @​sydney-runkle in #​10506
• Only fetch __pydantic_core_schema__ from the current class during schema generation by @​Viicos in #​10518
• Fix stacklevel on deprecation warnings for BaseModel by @​sydney-runkle in #​10520
• Fix warning stacklevel in BaseModel.__init__ by @​Viicos in #​10526
• Improve error handling for in-evaluable refs for discriminator application by @​sydney-runkle in #​10440
• Change the signature of ConfigWrapper.core_config to take the title directly by @​Viicos in #​10562
• Do not use the previous config from the stack for dataclasses without config by @​Viicos in #​10576
• Fix serialization for IP types with mode='python' by @​sydney-runkle in #​10594
• Support constraint application for Base64Etc types by @​sydney-runkle in #​10584
• Fix validate_call ignoring Field in Annotated by @​kc0506 in #​10610
• Raise an error when Self is invalid by @​kc0506 in #​10609
• Using core_schema.InvalidSchema instead of metadata injection + checks by [@​sydney-runkle](h

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