[Feature] Support athena-managed query results in `dbt-athena`

[ajlamarc]

Is this your first time submitting a feature request?

• I have read the expectations for open source contributors
• I have searched the existing issues, and I could not find an existing issue for this feature
• I am requesting a straightforward extension of existing dbt functionality, rather than a Big Idea better suited to a discussion

Describe the feature

Athena recently added support for managed query results, so you no longer need to explicitly provision and manage an S3 bucket for Athena. I would like to use the managed workgroup type with dbt-athena, however this isn't possible because the DBT configuration requires the s3_staging_dir property.

dbt debug --connection --log-level debug

13:58:50  Profile loading failed for the following reason:
Runtime Error
  Credentials in profile "my_foo_profile", target "dev" invalid: 's3_staging_dir' is a required property```

### Describe alternatives you've considered

_No response_

### Who will this benefit?

_No response_

### Are you interested in contributing this feature?

_No response_

### Anything else?

_No response_