[EPIC] Native crash handling improvements

[kahest]

Description

For now, this is a loose collection of issues and improvements with native crash handling. The goal is to have an overview of ongoing topics and align on prios. There is no scope or timeline as of now.

• COCOA-291
  • COCOA-278
  • COCOA-77
  • COCOA-82
• C++ exceptions have truncated message #3822
• Missing part of crash message #3905
• Shows unknown "Called from" stack frame in crash report #1620
• The stack frame entry point is incorrect #1547
• Crash in monitorCachedData #1650
• SentryCrashMonitor_MachException crashes on macOS #1589