notes.txt

1. Statically Typed (Type must be defined at compile time)
2. Strong Typed (Type of a var cannot change)
3. GO is compiled
4. Fast compile time (Code -> Binary)
5. Built in concurrency (Goroutine)
6. Simple (Garbage Collection)

packages - Folder with go files
modules - Collection of packages


Commands:

cd tutorials
go mod init tutorials
go build -o main main.go
./main

go run main.go  (Compile and Run) - No exe generated (To just run this file)

go run *.go -> To run all the files

array - fixed length, same type, indexable, contiguous in memory
slice - array + additional funtionality - more general, powerful and convenient interface
// initiallizing slice with initial capacity has better performance


strings
- array of utf-8 encoded bytes
- immutable

utf-8 encoding = strings in go
ascii = 7 bits = 128 chars
utf-32 = 32 bits = lots of unused bits
utf-8 = variable length encoding

ascii = 1 byte = 0xxx...
é = 233 unicode point number = 2 bytes = 11000011 10101001


struct - user-defined type, define methods that link with struct
anonymous struct - define and initialize, not reuseable


interface - general template for any object


pointers - store memory location
pass by value; pass by reference

goroutines
- Launch multiple functions and run them concurrently
- concurrency != parallel execution
- concurrency = multiple tasks in-progress at the same time
- if multi-core CPU -> parallel execution

channels
- enables goroutine to pass around infomation
- hold data (int, slice, etc)
- thread safe (avoid race condtion during r&w)
- listen for data
- unbuffered channel and buffered channel (store multiple values)
- select stmt = if stmt for channels



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http
go mod init http
go run main.go