rubocop-github-0.26.0.gem: 5 vulnerabilities (highest severity is: 7.5)

[ibm-mend-app]

Vulnerable Library - rubocop-github-0.26.0.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /vendor/cache/rack-3.2.1.gem

Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability	Severity	CVSS	Exploit Maturity	EPSS	Dependency	Type	Fixed in (rubocop-github version)	Remediation Possible**
CVE-2025-61919	High	7.5	Not Defined	0.1%	rack-3.2.1.gem	Transitive	N/A*	❌
CVE-2025-61772	High	7.5	Not Defined	0.1%	rack-3.2.1.gem	Transitive	N/A*	❌
CVE-2025-61771	High	7.5	Not Defined	0.0%	rack-3.2.1.gem	Transitive	N/A*	❌
CVE-2025-61770	High	7.5	Not Defined	0.1%	rack-3.2.1.gem	Transitive	N/A*	❌
CVE-2025-61780	Medium	5.8	Not Defined	0.0%	rack-3.2.1.gem	Transitive	N/A*	❌

*For some transitive vulnerabilities, there is no version of direct dependency with a fix. Check the "Details" section below to see if there is a version of transitive dependency where vulnerability is fixed.

**In some cases, Remediation PR cannot be created automatically for a vulnerability despite the availability of remediation

Details

CVE-2025-61919

Vulnerable Library - rack-3.2.1.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-3.2.1.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /vendor/cache/rack-3.2.1.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

• rubocop-github-0.26.0.gem (Root Library)
  • rubocop-rails-2.33.3.gem
    • ❌ rack-3.2.1.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.20, 3.1.18, and 3.2.3, "Rack::Request#POST" reads the entire request body into memory for "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded", calling "rack.input.read(nil)" without enforcing a length or cap. Large request bodies can therefore be buffered completely into process memory before parsing, leading to denial of service (DoS) through memory exhaustion. Users should upgrade to Rack version 2.2.20, 3.1.18, or 3.2.3, anu of which enforces form parameter limits using "query_parser.bytesize_limit", preventing unbounded reads of "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" bodies. Additionally, enforce strict maximum body size at the proxy or web server layer (e.g., Nginx "client_max_body_size", Apache "LimitRequestBody").

Publish Date: 2025-10-10

URL: CVE-2025-61919

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: None
  • Integrity Impact: None
  • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

CVE-2025-61772

Vulnerable Library - rack-3.2.1.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-3.2.1.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /vendor/cache/rack-3.2.1.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

• rubocop-github-0.26.0.gem (Root Library)
  • rubocop-rails-2.33.3.gem
    • ❌ rack-3.2.1.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. In versions prior to 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2, "Rack::Multipart::Parser" can accumulate unbounded data when a multipart part’s header block never terminates with the required blank line ("CRLFCRLF"). The parser keeps appending incoming bytes to memory without a size cap, allowing a remote attacker to exhaust memory and cause a denial of service (DoS). Attackers can send incomplete multipart headers to trigger high memory use, leading to process termination (OOM) or severe slowdown. The effect scales with request size limits and concurrency. All applications handling multipart uploads may be affected. Versions 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2 cap per-part header size (e.g., 64 KiB). As a workaround, restrict maximum request sizes at the proxy or web server layer (e.g., Nginx "client_max_body_size").

Publish Date: 2025-10-07

URL: CVE-2025-61772

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: None
  • Integrity Impact: None
  • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: rack/rack@d869fed

Release Date: 2025-10-07

Fix Resolution: https://github.com/rack/rack.git - v3.2.2

CVE-2025-61771

Vulnerable Library - rack-3.2.1.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-3.2.1.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /vendor/cache/rack-3.2.1.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

• rubocop-github-0.26.0.gem (Root Library)
  • rubocop-rails-2.33.3.gem
    • ❌ rack-3.2.1.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. In versions prior to 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2, ``Rack::Multipart::Parser"stores non-file form fields (parts without a"filename") entirely in memory as Ruby "String"objects. A single large text field in a multipart/form-data request (hundreds of megabytes or more) can consume equivalent process memory, potentially leading to out-of-memory (OOM) conditions and denial of service (DoS). Attackers can send large non-file fields to trigger excessive memory usage. Impact scales with request size and concurrency, potentially leading to worker crashes or severe garbage-collection overhead. All Rack applications processing multipart form submissions are affected. Versions 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2 enforce a reasonable size cap for non-file fields (e.g., 2 MiB). Workarounds include restricting maximum request body size at the web-server or proxy layer (e.g., Nginx"client_max_body_size`) and validating and rejecting unusually large form fields at the application level.
Mend Note: The description of this vulnerability differs from MITRE.

Publish Date: 2025-10-07

URL: CVE-2025-61771

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.0%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: None
  • Integrity Impact: None
  • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: rack/rack@d869fed

Release Date: 2025-10-07

Fix Resolution: https://github.com/rack/rack.git - v3.1.17

CVE-2025-61770

Vulnerable Library - rack-3.2.1.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-3.2.1.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /vendor/cache/rack-3.2.1.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

• rubocop-github-0.26.0.gem (Root Library)
  • rubocop-rails-2.33.3.gem
    • ❌ rack-3.2.1.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. In versions prior to 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2, "Rack::Multipart::Parser" buffers the entire multipart preamble (bytes before the first boundary) in memory without any size limit. A client can send a large preamble followed by a valid boundary, causing significant memory use and potential process termination due to out-of-memory (OOM) conditions. Remote attackers can trigger large transient memory spikes by including a long preamble in multipart/form-data requests. The impact scales with allowed request sizes and concurrency, potentially causing worker crashes or severe slowdown due to garbage collection. Versions 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2 enforce a preamble size limit (e.g., 16 KiB) or discard preamble data entirely. Workarounds include limiting total request body size at the proxy or web server level and monitoring memory and set per-process limits to prevent OOM conditions.

Publish Date: 2025-10-07

URL: CVE-2025-61770

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: None
  • Integrity Impact: None
  • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-p543-xpfm-54cp

Release Date: 2025-10-07

Fix Resolution: rack - 3.2.2

CVE-2025-61780

Vulnerable Library - rack-3.2.1.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-3.2.1.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /vendor/cache/rack-3.2.1.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

• rubocop-github-0.26.0.gem (Root Library)
  • rubocop-rails-2.33.3.gem
    • ❌ rack-3.2.1.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.20, 3.1.18, and 3.2.3, a possible information disclosure vulnerability existed in "Rack::Sendfile" when running behind a proxy that supports "x-sendfile" headers (such as Nginx). Specially crafted headers could cause "Rack::Sendfile" to miscommunicate with the proxy and trigger unintended internal requests, potentially bypassing proxy-level access restrictions. When "Rack::Sendfile" received untrusted "x-sendfile-type" or "x-accel-mapping" headers from a client, it would interpret them as proxy configuration directives. This could cause the middleware to send a "redirect" response to the proxy, prompting it to reissue a new internal request that was not subject to the proxy's access controls. An attacker could exploit this by setting a crafted "x-sendfile-type: x-accel-redirect" header, setting a crafted "x-accel-mapping" header, and requesting a path that qualifies for proxy-based acceleration. Attackers could bypass proxy-enforced restrictions and access internal endpoints intended to be protected (such as administrative pages). The vulnerability did not allow arbitrary file reads but could expose sensitive application routes. This issue only affected systems meeting all of the following conditions: The application used "Rack::Sendfile" with a proxy that supports "x-accel-redirect" (e.g., Nginx); the proxy did not always set or remove the "x-sendfile-type" and "x-accel-mapping" headers; and the application exposed an endpoint that returned a body responding to ".to_path". Users should upgrade to Rack versions 2.2.20, 3.1.18, or 3.2.3, which require explicit configuration to enable "x-accel-redirect". Alternatively, configure the proxy to always set or strip the header, or in Rails applications, disable sendfile completely.
Mend Note: The description of this vulnerability differs from MITRE.

Publish Date: 2025-10-10

URL: CVE-2025-61780

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.0%

CVSS 3 Score Details (5.8)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Changed
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: Low
  • Integrity Impact: None
  • Availability Impact: None

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.