[agent] Implement challenge-response protocol for agent authentication using TPM2_Certify

[ansasaki]

Description:

Implement challenge-response protocol for agent authentication using TPM2_Certify

• Complete description: Challenge-response agent authentication protocol
• Enhancement: 103: Agent-driven attestation
• Project board: Agent-driven attestation

Checklist:

• Changes implemented
• Tests added
• Documentation updated
• If configuration options are modified, the templates should be updated