Prometheus 是一套开源的系统监控报警框架
Client Library: 客户端库
python客户端：prometheus_client 基础用法
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import sys
import threading
import time
from prometheus_client import (
CollectorRegistry, CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST, Counter, delete_from_gateway, Enum,
Gauge, generate_latest, Histogram, Info, instance_ip_grouping_key, Metric,
push_to_gateway, pushadd_to_gateway, Summary,
)
from prometheus_client.core import GaugeHistogramMetricFamily, Timestamp
from prometheus_client.exposition import (
basic_auth_handler, default_handler, MetricsHandler,
)
if sys.version_info < (2, 7):
# We need the skip decorators from unittest2 on Python 2.6.
import unittest2 as unittest
else:
import unittest
try:
from BaseHTTPServer import BaseHTTPRequestHandler
from BaseHTTPServer import HTTPServer
except ImportError:
# Python 3
from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler
from http.server import HTTPServer
class TestGenerateText(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.registry = CollectorRegistry()
# Mock time so _created values are fixed.
self.old_time = time.time
time.time = lambda: 123.456
def tearDown(self):
time.time = self.old_time
def custom_collector(self, metric_family):
'''
收集器必须有一个无参数的方法'collect'，它返回一个列表度量对象。
返回的指标应与prometheus形式一致
'''
class CustomCollector(object):
def collect(self):
return [metric_family]
self.registry.register(CustomCollector())
def test_counter(self):
c = Counter('cc', 'A counter', registry=self.registry)
c.inc()
self.assertEqual(b'''# HELP cc_total A counter
# TYPE cc_total counter
cc_total 1.0
# TYPE cc_created gauge
cc_created 123.456
''', generate_latest(self.registry))
def test_counter_total(self):
c = Counter('cc_total', 'A counter', registry=self.registry)
c.inc()
self.assertEqual(b'''# HELP cc_total A counter
# TYPE cc_total counter
cc_total 1.0
# TYPE cc_created gauge
cc_created 123.456
''', generate_latest(self.registry))
def test_gauge(self):
g = Gauge('gg', 'A gauge', registry=self.registry)
g.set(17)
self.assertEqual(b'# HELP gg A gauge\n# TYPE gg gauge\ngg 17.0\n', generate_latest(self.registry))
def test_summary(self):
s = Summary('ss', 'A summary', ['a', 'b'], registry=self.registry)
s.labels('c', 'd').observe(17)
self.assertEqual(b'''# HELP ss A summary
# TYPE ss summary
ss_count{a="c",b="d"} 1.0
ss_sum{a="c",b="d"} 17.0
# TYPE ss_created gauge
ss_created{a="c",b="d"} 123.456
''', generate_latest(self.registry))
@unittest.skipIf(sys.version_info < (2, 7), "Test requires Python 2.7+.")
def test_histogram(self):
s = Histogram('hh', 'A histogram', registry=self.registry)
s.observe(0.05)
self.assertEqual(b'''# HELP hh A histogram
# TYPE hh histogram
hh_bucket{le="0.005"} 0.0
hh_bucket{le="0.01"} 0.0
hh_bucket{le="0.025"} 0.0
hh_bucket{le="0.05"} 1.0
hh_bucket{le="0.075"} 1.0
hh_bucket{le="0.1"} 1.0
hh_bucket{le="0.25"} 1.0
hh_bucket{le="0.5"} 1.0
hh_bucket{le="0.75"} 1.0
hh_bucket{le="1.0"} 1.0
hh_bucket{le="2.5"} 1.0
hh_bucket{le="5.0"} 1.0
hh_bucket{le="7.5"} 1.0
hh_bucket{le="10.0"} 1.0
hh_bucket{le="+Inf"} 1.0
hh_count 1.0
hh_sum 0.05
# TYPE hh_created gauge
hh_created 123.456
''', generate_latest(self.registry))
def test_gaugehistogram(self):
self.custom_collector(GaugeHistogramMetricFamily('gh', 'help', buckets=[('1.0', 4), ('+Inf', 5)], gsum_value=7))
self.assertEqual(b'''# HELP gh help
# TYPE gh histogram
gh_bucket{le="1.0"} 4.0
gh_bucket{le="+Inf"} 5.0
# TYPE gh_gcount gauge
gh_gcount 5.0
# TYPE gh_gsum gauge
gh_gsum 7.0
''', generate_latest(self.registry))
def test_info(self):
i = Info('ii', 'A info', ['a', 'b'], registry=self.registry)
i.labels('c', 'd').info({'foo': 'bar'})
self.assertEqual(b'# HELP ii_info A info\n# TYPE ii_info gauge\nii_info{a="c",b="d",foo="bar"} 1.0\n', generate_latest(self.registry))
def test_enum(self):
i = Enum('ee', 'An enum', ['a', 'b'], registry=self.registry, states=['foo', 'bar'])
i.labels('c', 'd').state('bar')
self.assertEqual(b'# HELP ee An enum\n# TYPE ee gauge\nee{a="c",b="d",ee="foo"} 0.0\nee{a="c",b="d",ee="bar"} 1.0\n', generate_latest(self.registry))
def test_unicode(self):
c = Gauge('cc', '\u4500', ['l'], registry=self.registry)
c.labels('\u4500').inc()
self.assertEqual(b'# HELP cc \xe4\x94\x80\n# TYPE cc gauge\ncc{l="\xe4\x94\x80"} 1.0\n', generate_latest(self.registry))
def test_escaping(self):
g = Gauge('cc', 'A\ngaug\\e', ['a'], registry=self.registry)
g.labels('\\x\n"').inc(1)
self.assertEqual(b'# HELP cc A\\ngaug\\\\e\n# TYPE cc gauge\ncc{a="\\\\x\\n\\""} 1.0\n', generate_latest(self.registry))
def test_nonnumber(self):
class MyNumber(object):
def __repr__(self):
return "MyNumber(123)"
def __float__(self):
return 123.0
class MyCollector(object):
def collect(self):
metric = Metric("nonnumber", "Non number", 'untyped')
metric.add_sample("nonnumber", {}, MyNumber())
yield metric
self.registry.register(MyCollector())
self.assertEqual(b'# HELP nonnumber Non number\n# TYPE nonnumber untyped\nnonnumber 123.0\n', generate_latest(self.registry))
def test_timestamp(self):
class MyCollector(object):
def collect(self):
metric = Metric("ts", "help", 'untyped')
metric.add_sample("ts", {"foo": "a"}, 0, 123.456)
metric.add_sample("ts", {"foo": "b"}, 0, -123.456)
metric.add_sample("ts", {"foo": "c"}, 0, 123)
metric.add_sample("ts", {"foo": "d"}, 0, Timestamp(123, 456000000))
metric.add_sample("ts", {"foo": "e"}, 0, Timestamp(123, 456000))
metric.add_sample("ts", {"foo": "f"}, 0, Timestamp(123, 456))
yield metric
self.registry.register(MyCollector())
self.assertEqual(b'''# HELP ts help
# TYPE ts untyped
ts{foo="a"} 0.0 123456
ts{foo="b"} 0.0 -123456
ts{foo="c"} 0.0 123000
ts{foo="d"} 0.0 123456
ts{foo="e"} 0.0 123000
ts{foo="f"} 0.0 123000
''', generate_latest(self.registry))
class TestPushGateway(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.registry = CollectorRegistry()
self.counter = Gauge('g', 'help', registry=self.registry)
self.requests = requests = []
class TestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_PUT(self):
if 'with_basic_auth' in self.requestline and self.headers['authorization'] != 'Basic Zm9vOmJhcg==':
self.send_response(401)
else:
self.send_response(201)
length = int(self.headers['content-length'])
requests.append((self, self.rfile.read(length)))
self.end_headers()
do_POST = do_PUT
do_DELETE = do_PUT
httpd = HTTPServer(('localhost', 0), TestHandler)
self.address = 'http://localhost:{0}'.format(httpd.server_address[1])
class TestServer(threading.Thread):
def run(self):
httpd.handle_request()
self.server = TestServer()
self.server.daemon = True
self.server.start()
def test_push(self):
push_to_gateway(self.address, "my_job", self.registry)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].command, 'PUT')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].path, '/metrics/job/my_job')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].headers.get('content-type'), CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][1], b'# HELP g help\n# TYPE g gauge\ng 0.0\n')
def test_push_with_groupingkey(self):
push_to_gateway(self.address, "my_job", self.registry, {'a': 9})
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].command, 'PUT')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].path, '/metrics/job/my_job/a/9')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].headers.get('content-type'), CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][1], b'# HELP g help\n# TYPE g gauge\ng 0.0\n')
def test_push_with_complex_groupingkey(self):
push_to_gateway(self.address, "my_job", self.registry, {'a': 9, 'b': 'a/ z'})
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].command, 'PUT')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].path, '/metrics/job/my_job/a/9/b/a%2F+z')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].headers.get('content-type'), CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][1], b'# HELP g help\n# TYPE g gauge\ng 0.0\n')
def test_pushadd(self):
pushadd_to_gateway(self.address, "my_job", self.registry)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].command, 'POST')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].path, '/metrics/job/my_job')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].headers.get('content-type'), CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][1], b'# HELP g help\n# TYPE g gauge\ng 0.0\n')
def test_pushadd_with_groupingkey(self):
pushadd_to_gateway(self.address, "my_job", self.registry, {'a': 9})
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].command, 'POST')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].path, '/metrics/job/my_job/a/9')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].headers.get('content-type'), CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][1], b'# HELP g help\n# TYPE g gauge\ng 0.0\n')
def test_delete(self):
delete_from_gateway(self.address, "my_job")
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].command, 'DELETE')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].path, '/metrics/job/my_job')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].headers.get('content-type'), CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][1], b'')
def test_delete_with_groupingkey(self):
delete_from_gateway(self.address, "my_job", {'a': 9})
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].command, 'DELETE')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].path, '/metrics/job/my_job/a/9')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].headers.get('content-type'), CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][1], b'')
def test_push_with_handler(self):
def my_test_handler(url, method, timeout, headers, data):
headers.append(['X-Test-Header', 'foobar'])
# Handler should be passed sane default timeout
self.assertEqual(timeout, 30)
return default_handler(url, method, timeout, headers, data)
push_to_gateway(self.address, "my_job", self.registry, handler=my_test_handler)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].command, 'PUT')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].path, '/metrics/job/my_job')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].headers.get('content-type'), CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].headers.get('x-test-header'), 'foobar')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][1], b'# HELP g help\n# TYPE g gauge\ng 0.0\n')
def test_push_with_basic_auth_handler(self):
def my_auth_handler(url, method, timeout, headers, data):
return basic_auth_handler(url, method, timeout, headers, data, "foo", "bar")
push_to_gateway(self.address, "my_job_with_basic_auth", self.registry, handler=my_auth_handler)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].command, 'PUT')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].path, '/metrics/job/my_job_with_basic_auth')
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][0].headers.get('content-type'), CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST)
self.assertEqual(self.requests[0][1], b'# HELP g help\n# TYPE g gauge\ng 0.0\n')
@unittest.skipIf(
sys.platform == "darwin",
"instance_ip_grouping_key() does not work on macOS."
)
def test_instance_ip_grouping_key(self):
self.assertTrue('' != instance_ip_grouping_key()['instance'])
def test_metrics_handler(self):
handler = MetricsHandler.factory(self.registry)
self.assertEqual(handler.registry, self.registry)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()