[FEATURE] Implement Type Checking into CI

[blakejameson]

Story

• As a developer
• I want to type check my code
• So that I can ensure the code is more reliable

Acceptance Criteria

• Introduce a type checker that is checking several files
• Type checker runs automatically in CI

Technical Details

Currently, there is no type checking be done. Type checking could allow us to ensure we are using variables and functions in a correct manner

[nateinaction]

I have started a branch with some new tooling using pyright: https://github.com/proveskit/pysquared/tree/try-out-pyright

When on that branch you can run make typecheck to try it out. There are ~350 identified errors so could be a good weekend project.

[Mikefly123]

Hey @blakejameson I think this was achieved with #239? If so this is another successful ticket we can close!