Improve exception handling

[kingcrimsontianyu]

Improve source

For functions with the noexcept specifier, we need to find and fix the cases where an exception can potentially reach the outer scope without a proper catch. Such cases break the promise of noexcept and will cause std::terminate() to be called when an exception does happen.

For instance, currently:

kvikio/cpp/src/bounce_buffer.cpp

Line 32 in 716a99f

AllocRetain::Alloc::~Alloc() noexcept { _manager->put(_alloc, _size); }

is marked noexcept, but the put method is potentially throwing.

Improve documentation

For all potentially throwing functions (those without the noexcept or noexcept(true) specifier), we need to document (by adding the Doxygen section @throw/@throws/@exception) the exceptions that may be directly thrown from them (i.e. as a result of the throw expression instead of the calls to other potentially throwing functions).