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langs/tl/guides/comparison.md

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+---
+title: Comparison
+description: Comparisons of Solid against other frameworks.
+sort: 4
+---
+
+# Comparison with other Libraries
+
+This section cannot escape some bias but I think it is important to understand where Solid's solution sits compared to other libraries. This is not about performance. For a definitive look at performance feel free to look at the [JS Framework Benchmark](https://github.com/krausest/js-framework-benchmark).
+
+## React
+
+React has had a big influence on Solid. Its unidirectional flow and explicit segregation of read and write in its Hooks API informed Solid's API. More so than the objective of being just a "Render Library" rather than a framework. Solid has strong opinions on how to approach managing data in application development but doesn't seek to constrain its execution.
+
+However, as much as Solid aligns with React's design philosophy, it works fundamentally differently. React uses a Virtual DOM and Solid does not. React's abstraction is top down component partition where render methods are called repeatedly and diffed. Solid, instead, renders each Template once in its entirety, constructing its reactive graph and only then executes instructions related to fine-grained changes.
+
+#### Advice for migrating:
+
+Solid's update model is nothing like React, or even React + MobX. Instead of thinking of function components as the `render` function, think of them as a `constructor`. 
+
+In Solid, props and stores are [proxy objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy) that rely on property access for tracking and reactive updates. Watch out for destructuring or early property access, which can cause these properties to lose reactivity or trigger at the wrong time.
+
+Solid's primitives have no restrictions like the Hook Rules so you are free to nest them as you see fit. 
+
+You don't need explicit keys on list rows to have "keyed" behavior. 
+
+In React, `onChange` fires whenever an input field is modified, but this isn't how `onChange` [works natively](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/GlobalEventHandlers/onchange). In Solid, use `onInput` to subscribe to each value change.
+
+Finally, there is no VDOM so imperative VDOM APIs like `React.Children` and `React.cloneElement` have no equivalent in Solid. Instead of creating or modifying DOM elements directly, express your intentions declaratively.
+
+## Vue
+
+Solid is not particularly influenced by Vue design-wise, but they are comparable in approach. They both use Proxies in their Reactive system with read based auto-tracking. But that is where the similarities end. Vue's fine grained dependency detection just feeds into a less fine-grained Virtual DOM and Component system whereas Solid keeps its granularity right down to its direct DOM updates.
+
+Vue values easiness where Solid values transparency. Although Vue's new direction with Vue 3 aligns more with the approach Solid takes. These libraries might align more over time depending on how they continue to evolve.
+
+#### Advice for migrating:
+
+As another modern reactive library migration from Vue 3 should feel familiar. Solid's components are very much like tagging the template on the end of Vue's `setup` function. Be wary of overwrapping state derivations with computations, try a function. Reactivity is pervasive. Solid's proxies are intentionally read-only. Don't knock it before you try it.
+
+## Svelte
+
+Svelte pioneered the precompiled disappearing framework that Solid also employs to a certain degree. Both libraries are truly reactive and can produce really small execution code bundles although Svelte is the winner here for small demos. Solid requires a bit more explicitness in its declarations, relying less on implicit analysis from the compiler, but that is part of what gives Solid superior performance. Solid also keeps more in the runtime which scales better in larger apps. Solid's RealWorld demo implementation is 25% smaller than Svelte's.
+
+Both libraries aim to help their developers write less code but approach it completely differently. Svelte 3 focuses on the optimization of the ease of dealing with localized change focusing on plain object interaction and two-way binding. In constrast Solid focuses on the data flow by deliberately embracing CQRS and immutable interface. With functional template composition, in many cases, Solid allows developers to write even less code than Svelte although Svelte's template syntax is definitely terser.
+
+#### Advice for migrating:
+
+Developer experience is different enough that while some things are analogous it is a very different experience. Components in Solid are cheap, so don't shy away from having more of them.
+
+## Knockout.js
+
+This library owes its existence to Knockout. Modernizing its model for fine grained dependency detection was the motivation for this project. Knockout was released in 2010 and supports Microsoft Explorer back to IE6 while much of Solid doesn't support IE at all.
+
+Knockout's bindings are just strings in HTML which are walked over at runtime. They depend on cloning context ($parent etc...). Whereas Solid uses JSX or Tagged Template Literals for templating opting for an in JavaScript API.
+
+The biggest difference might be that Solid's approach to batching changes which ensures synchronicity whereas Knockout has deferUpdates which uses a deferred microtask queue.
+
+#### Advice for migrating:
+
+If you are used to Knockout, Solid's primitives might look strange to you. The read/write separation is intentional and not just to make life harder. Look to adopting a state/action (Flux) mental model. While the libraries look similar they promote different best practices.
+
+## Lit & LighterHTML
+
+These libraries are incredibly similar and have had some influence on Solid. Mostly that Solid's compiled code uses a very similar method to performantly initially render the DOM. Cloning Template elements and using comment placeholders are something that Solid and these libraries share in common.
+
+The biggest difference is that while these libraries do not use the Virtual DOM they treat rendering the same way, top down, requiring component partitioning to keep things sane. By contrast, Solid uses its fine grained Reactive Graph to only update what has changed and in doing so only shares this technique for its initial render. This approach takes advantage from the initial speed only available to native DOM and also have the most performant approach to updates.
+
+#### Advice for migrating:
+
+These libraries are pretty minimal and easy to build on top. However, keep in mind that `<MyComp/>` isn't just HTMLElement (array or function). Try to keep your things in the JSX template. Hoisting works for the most part but it is best to mentally think of this still as a render library and not a HTMLElement factory.
+
+## S.js
+
+This library had the greatest influence on Solid's reactive design. Solid used S.js internally for a couple of years until the feature set placed them on diffenent paths. S.js is one of the most efficient reactive libraries to date. It models everything off synchronous time steps like a digital circuit and ensures consistency without having to do many of the more complicated mechanisms found in libraries like MobX. Solid's reactivity in the end is a sort of hybrid between S and MobX. This gives it greater performance than most reactive libraries (Knockout, MobX, Vue) while retaining the ease of mental model for the developer. S.js ultimately is still the more performant reactive library although the difference is hardly noticeable in all but the most grueling synthetic benchmarks.
+
+## RxJS
+
+RxJS is a Reactive library. While Solid has a similar idea of Observable data it uses a much different application of the observer pattern. While Signals are like a simple version of an Observable (only the next), the pattern of auto dependency detection supplants RxJS' hundred or so operators. Solid could have taken this approach, and indeed earlier, versions of the library included similar operators, but in most cases it is more straightforward to write your own transformation logic in a computation. Where Observables are cold starting, unicast and push-based, many problems on the client lend themselves to hot startup and being multicast which is Solid's default behavior.
+
+## Others
+
+Angular and a few other popular libraries are notably missing from this comparison. Lack of experience with them prevents making any adequate comparisons. Generally, Solid has little in common with larger Frameworks and it is much harder to compare them head on.

langs/tl/guides/faq.md

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+---
+title: FAQ
+description: Frequently asked questions from the community.
+sort: 5
+---
+
+# FAQ
+
+### JSX without a virtual DOM? Is this vaporware? I've heard prominent voices say that this isn't possible.
+
+It is possible when you don't have React's update model. JSX is a template language those in Svelte or Vue—just one that is more flexible in certain ways. Inserting arbitrary JavaScript can be challenging at times, but no different than supporting spread operators. So, no: this isn't vaporware, but an approach proven to be one of the most performant.
+
+The real benefit comes in how extensible it is. We have a compiler working for you to give you optimal native DOM updates, but you have all the freedom of a library like React. You can write components using standard techniques like [render props](https://reactjs.org/docs/render-props.html) and higher order components along side your reactive "hooks". Don't like how Solid's control flow works? Write your own.
+
+### How is Solid so performant?
+
+We wish we could point to a single thing, but it really is the combination of several important design decisions:
+
+1. Explicit reactivity, so only the things that should be reactive are tracked.
+2. Compilation with initial creation in mind. Solid uses heuristics and combines the right expressions to reduce the number of computations, but keep key updates granular and performant.
+3. Reactive expressions are just functions. This enables "vanishing components" with lazy prop evaluation removing unnecessary wrappers and synchronization overhead.
+
+These are currently unique techniques in a combination that gives Solid an edge over the competition.
+
+### Is there React-Compat, or some way to use my React libraries in Solid?
+
+No. And there likely never will be. While the APIs are similar and components often can be moved across with minor edits, the update model is fundamentally different. React Ccmponents render over and over so code outside of Hooks works very differently. The closures and hook rules are not only unnecessary in Solid: they can prescribe code that does not work here.
+
+Vue-compat on the other hand, that'd be doable; although there are no plans to implement it currently.
+
+### Why shouldn't I use `map` in my template, and what's the difference between `<For>` and `<Index>`?
+
+If your array is static, there's nothing wrong with using map. But if you're looping over a signal or reactive property, `map` is inefficient: if the array changes for any reason, _the entire map_ will rerun and all of the nodes will be recreated.
+
+`<For>` and `<Index>` both provide a loop solution that is smarter than this. They couple each rendered node with an element in the array, so when an array element changes, only the corresponding node will rerender.
+
+`<Index>` will do this _by index_: each node corresponds to an index in the array; `<For>` will do this _by value_: each node corresponds to a piece of data in the array. This is why, in the callback, `<Index>` gives you a signal for the item: the index for each item is considered fixed, but the data at that index can change. On the other hand, `<For>` gives you a signal for the index: the content of the item is considered fixed, but it can move around if elements get moved in the array. 
+
+For example, if two elements in the array are swapped, `<For>` will reposition the two corresponding DOM nodes and update their `index()` signals along the way. `<Index>` won't reposition any DOM nodes, but will update the `item()` signals for the two DOM nodes and cause them to rerender. 
+
+For an in-depth demonstration of the difference, see [this segment](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YxroH_MXuhw&t=2164s) of Ryan's stream.
+### Why doesn't destructuring work with props or stores?
+
+With props and store objects, reactivity is tracked on property access: when you call `props.whatever` within a reactive context, it tells Solid to keep track of that context and update it when the prop changes. By destructuring, you separate the value from the object, giving you the value at that point in time and losing reactivity.
+
+### Why isn't my `onChange` event handler firing on time?
+
+In some frameworks, the `onChange` event for inputs is modified so that it fires on every key press. But this isn't how the `onChange` event [works natively](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/GlobalEventHandlers/onchange): it is meant to reflect a _commited_ change to the input and will usually fire when the input loses focus. To handle all changes to the value of an input, use `onInput`.
+
+### Can you add support for class components? I find the lifecycles are easier to reason about.
+
+We don't intend to support class components. The lifecycles of components in Solid are tied to the scheduling of the reactive system and are artificial. You could make a class out of it, but effectively all of the non-event handler code would be run in the constructor, including the render function. It's just more syntax for an excuse to make your data less granular.
+
+Group data and its behaviors together, rather than lifecycles. This is a reactive best practice that has worked for decades.
+
+### I really dislike JSX, any chance of a different template language? Oh, I see you have Tagged Template Literals/HyperScript. Maybe I will use those...
+
+Don't. Stop you right there. We use JSX the way Svelte uses their templates, to create optimized DOM instructions. The Tagged Template Literal and HyperScript solutions may be really impressive in their own right, but unless you have a real reason like a no-build requirement they are inferior in every way. Larger bundles, slower performance, and the need for manual workaround wrapping values.
+
+It's good to have options, but Solid's JSX is really the best solution here. A Template DSL would be great as well, albeit more restrictive, but JSX gives us so much for free. TypeScript, Existing Parsers, Syntax Highlighting, TypeScript, Prettier, Code Completion, and last and not least TypeScript.
+
+Other libraries have been adding support for these features but that has been an enormous effort and is still imperfect and a constant maintenance headache. This is really taking a pragmatic stance.
+
+### When do I use a Signal vs Store? Why are these different?
+
+Stores automatically wrap nested values making it ideal for deep data structures, and for things like models. For most other things Signals are lightweight and do the job wonderfully.
+
+As much we would love to wrap these together as a single thing, you can't proxy primitives. Functions are the simplest interface and any reactive expression (including state access) can be wrapped in one on transport so this provides a universal API. You can name your signals and state as you choose and it stays minimal. Last thing we'd want to do is force typing `.get()` `.set()` on the end-user or even worse `.value`. At least the former can be aliased for brevity, whereas the latter is just the least terse way to call a function.
+
+### Why can I not just assign a value to Solid's Store as I can in Vue. Svelte, or MobX? Where is the 2-way binding?
+
+Reactivity is a powerful tool but also a dangerous one. MobX knows this and introduced Strict mode and Actions to limit where/when updates occur. In Solid, which deals with whole Component trees of data, it became apparent that we can learn something from React here. You don't need to be actually immutable as long as you provide the means to have the same contract.
+
+Being able to pass the ability to update state is arguably even more important than deciding to pass the state. So being able to separate it is important, and only possible if reading is immutable. We also don't need to pay the cost of immutability if we can still granularly update. Luckily there are tons of prior art here between ImmutableJS and Immer. Ironically Solid acts mostly as a reverse Immer with its mutable internals and immutable interface.
+
+### Can I use Solid's reactivity on its own?
+
+Of course. While we haven't exported a standalone package it is easy to install Solid without the compiler and just use the reactive primitives. One of the benefits of granular reactivity is it is library agnostic. For that matter, almost every reactive library works this way. That is what inspired [Solid](https://github.com/solidjs/solid) and its underlying [DOM Expressions library](https://github.com/ryansolid/dom-expressions) in the first place to make a renderer purely from the reactive system.
+
+To list a few to try: [Solid](https://github.com/solidjs/solid), [MobX](https://github.com/mobxjs/mobx), [Knockout](https://github.com/knockout/knockout), [Svelte](https://github.com/sveltejs/svelte), [S.js](https://github.com/adamhaile/S), [CellX](https://github.com/Riim/cellx), [Derivable](https://github.com/ds300/derivablejs), [Sinuous](https://github.com/luwes/sinuous), and even recently [Vue](https://github.com/vuejs/vue). Much more goes into making a reactive library than tagging it onto a renderer like, [lit-html](https://github.com/Polymer/lit-html) for example, but it's a good way to get a feel.
+
+###  Does Solid have a Next.js or Material Components like library I can use?
+
+ They're in the works! If you are interested in building one, we are readily available on our [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/solidjs), where you can join existing ecosystem efforts or start your own.