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<li><a href="#game-sales-intro" id="toc-game-sales-intro" class="nav-link active" data-scroll-target="#game-sales-intro"> <span class="header-section-number">1.1</span> 准备</a></li>
<li><a href="#缺失值处理" id="toc-缺失值处理" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#缺失值处理"> <span class="header-section-number">1.2</span> 缺失值处理</a></li>
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<li><a href="#世界最畅销游戏" id="toc-世界最畅销游戏" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#世界最畅销游戏"> <span class="header-section-number">1.4.1</span> 世界最畅销游戏</a></li>
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<li><a href="#玩家与媒体分别最喜欢哪个发行商" id="toc-玩家与媒体分别最喜欢哪个发行商" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#玩家与媒体分别最喜欢哪个发行商"> <span class="header-section-number">1.6</span> 玩家与媒体分别最喜欢哪个发行商</a>
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<li><a href="#玩家" id="toc-玩家" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#玩家"> <span class="header-section-number">1.6.1</span> 玩家</a></li>
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<h1 class="title"><span id="Video-Games-Sales" class="quarto-section-identifier d-none d-lg-block"><span class="chapter-number">1</span> <span class="chapter-title">Video Games Sales</span></span></h1>
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<section id="game-sales-intro" class="level2" data-number="1.1">
<h2 data-number="1.1" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="game-sales-intro"><span class="header-section-number">1.1</span> 准备</h2>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>file <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="st">"D:/Tools/Rwork/0.Study R/kaggle-project/data/vgsales.csv"</span></span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">read_csv</span>(file)</span>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">str</span>(df)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>spec_tbl_df [19,600 × 9] (S3: spec_tbl_df/tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
$ Rank : num [1:19600] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
$ Name : chr [1:19600] "Wii Sports" "Super Mario Bros." "Counter-Strike: Global Offensive" "Mario Kart Wii" ...
$ Platform : chr [1:19600] "Wii" "NES" "PC" "Wii" ...
$ Publisher : chr [1:19600] "Nintendo" "Nintendo" "Valve" "Nintendo" ...
$ Developer : chr [1:19600] "Nintendo EAD" "Nintendo EAD" "Valve Corporation" "Nintendo EAD" ...
$ Critic_Score : num [1:19600] 7.7 10 8 8.2 8.6 10 8 9.4 9.1 8.6 ...
$ User_Score : num [1:19600] 8 8.2 7.5 9.1 4.7 7.8 8.8 8.8 8.1 9.2 ...
$ Total_Shipped: num [1:19600] 82.9 40.2 40 37.3 36.6 ...
$ Year : num [1:19600] 2006 1985 2012 2008 2017 ...
- attr(*, "spec")=
.. cols(
.. Rank = col_double(),
.. Name = col_character(),
.. Platform = col_character(),
.. Publisher = col_character(),
.. Developer = col_character(),
.. Critic_Score = col_double(),
.. User_Score = col_double(),
.. Total_Shipped = col_double(),
.. Year = col_double()
.. )
- attr(*, "problems")=<externalptr> </code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">head</span>(df, <span class="dv">3</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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<pre><code># A tibble: 3 × 9
Rank Name Platform Publisher Developer Critic_Score User_Score Total_Shipped
<dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 1 Wii … Wii Nintendo Nintendo… 7.7 8 82.9
2 2 Supe… NES Nintendo Nintendo… 10 8.2 40.2
3 3 Coun… PC Valve Valve Co… 8 7.5 40
# … with 1 more variable: Year <dbl></code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p>数据共包括11列，包含了从1977年~2020年中的游戏销量数据，具体变量说明如下表所示：</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>table_var <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">read_excel</span>(<span class="st">"data-intro.xlsx"</span>, <span class="at">sheet =</span> <span class="dv">3</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">kable</span>(table_var, <span class="at">align =</span> <span class="st">"c"</span>) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">kable_classic</span>()</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<table class=" lightable-classic" style="font-family: "Arial Narrow", "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:center;"> 变量 </th>
<th style="text-align:center;"> 说明 </th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;"> Rank </td>
<td style="text-align:center;"> 销量排名 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;"> Name </td>
<td style="text-align:center;"> 游戏名称 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;"> Platform </td>
<td style="text-align:center;"> 发型平台 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;"> Publisher </td>
<td style="text-align:center;"> 发行商 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;"> Develooper </td>
<td style="text-align:center;"> 开发商 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;"> Critic_Score </td>
<td style="text-align:center;"> 从业人评分 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;"> User_Score </td>
<td style="text-align:center;"> 用户评分 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;"> Total_shipped </td>
<td style="text-align:center;"> 总销量(百万套) </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;"> Year </td>
<td style="text-align:center;"> 发型年份 </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="缺失值处理" class="level2" data-number="1.2">
<h2 data-number="1.2" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="缺失值处理"><span class="header-section-number">1.2</span> 缺失值处理</h2>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">summary</span>(df)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code> Rank Name Platform Publisher
Min. : 1 Length:19600 Length:19600 Length:19600
1st Qu.: 4899 Class :character Class :character Class :character
Median : 9798 Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
Mean : 9799
3rd Qu.:14698
Max. :19598
Developer Critic_Score User_Score Total_Shipped
Length:19600 Min. : 0.800 Min. : 1.000 Min. : 0.0100
Class :character 1st Qu.: 6.100 1st Qu.: 6.300 1st Qu.: 0.0500
Mode :character Median : 7.300 Median : 7.200 Median : 0.1600
Mean : 7.035 Mean : 6.995 Mean : 0.5511
3rd Qu.: 8.200 3rd Qu.: 8.000 3rd Qu.: 0.4600
Max. :10.000 Max. :10.000 Max. :82.9000
NA's :9631 NA's :17377
Year
Min. :1977
1st Qu.:2004
Median :2008
Mean :2008
3rd Qu.:2012
Max. :2020
</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb8"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">sum</span>(<span class="fu">is.na</span>(df))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>[1] 27010</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb10"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">n_miss</span>(df)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>[1] 27010</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p>数据中有27010个缺失值，而缺失值主要存在与<code>Critic_Score</code>和<code>User_Score</code>，主要原因在于并不是每个用户和从业者都会对游戏进行评分。 需要对其进行一些处理，未打分的我们认为其打分为5.0分，即使用5.0代替所有缺失值。</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb12"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb12-1"><a href="#cb12-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># 采用每一列的众数替换该列的缺失值</span></span>
<span id="cb12-2"><a href="#cb12-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="ot"><-</span> df <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb12-3"><a href="#cb12-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">map_dfc</span>(<span class="sc">~</span><span class="fu">replace_na</span>(.x, rstatix<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">get_mode</span>(.x)[<span class="dv">1</span>]))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="描述性分析" class="level2" data-number="1.3">
<h2 data-number="1.3" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="描述性分析"><span class="header-section-number">1.3</span> 描述性分析</h2>
<p>描述性统计是一个统计范围，它应用各种技术来描述和总结任何数据集，并研究观察到的数据的一般行为，以促进问题的解决。这可以通过频率表、图形和集中趋势的度量来完成，例如平均值、中位数、众数、离散度量（例如标准偏差、百分位数和四分位数）。</p>
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p>由于2020年只有前半段的数据，我们分析时将2020年的数据剔除，以便更好的分析对比各年份的差异。同时剔除<code>Rank</code>列。</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb13"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb13-1"><a href="#cb13-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="ot"><-</span> df <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb13-2"><a href="#cb13-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(Year <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="dv">2020</span>) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb13-3"><a href="#cb13-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">select</span>(<span class="sc">-</span>Rank)</span>
<span id="cb13-4"><a href="#cb13-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb13-5"><a href="#cb13-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df<span class="sc">$</span>Year <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">factor</span>(df<span class="sc">$</span>Year)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<section id="常规分析" class="level3" data-number="1.3.1">
<h3 data-number="1.3.1" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="常规分析"><span class="header-section-number">1.3.1</span> 常规分析</h3>
<section id="哪一年的游戏总销量最高" class="level4" data-number="1.3.1.1">
<h4 data-number="1.3.1.1" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="哪一年的游戏总销量最高"><span class="header-section-number">1.3.1.1</span> 哪一年的游戏总销量最高</h4>
<div class="cell" data-layout-align="center" data-fic.cap="游戏销量情况">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb14"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb14-1"><a href="#cb14-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_shipped <span class="ot"><-</span> df <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb14-2"><a href="#cb14-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">select</span>(Year, Total_Shipped) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb14-3"><a href="#cb14-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">group_by</span>(Year) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb14-4"><a href="#cb14-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">summarise</span>(<span class="at">count =</span> <span class="fu">n</span>()) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb14-5"><a href="#cb14-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">arrange</span>(<span class="fu">desc</span>(count))</span>
<span id="cb14-6"><a href="#cb14-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-7"><a href="#cb14-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p1 <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(<span class="fu">head</span>(df_shipped,<span class="dv">10</span>), <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> Year, <span class="at">y =</span> count, </span>
<span id="cb14-8"><a href="#cb14-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> Year)) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb14-9"><a href="#cb14-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_bar</span>(<span class="at">stat =</span> <span class="st">"identity"</span>, <span class="at">alpha =</span> <span class="fl">0.7</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-10"><a href="#cb14-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_label</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">label =</span> count), <span class="at">fontface =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb14-11"><a href="#cb14-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> <span class="st">"#006400"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb14-12"><a href="#cb14-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"white"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb14-13"><a href="#cb14-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">size =</span> <span class="dv">3</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-14"><a href="#cb14-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-15"><a href="#cb14-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>, <span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-16"><a href="#cb14-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggtitle</span>(<span class="st">"销量排名前十的年份"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-17"><a href="#cb14-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"none"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb14-18"><a href="#cb14-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">plot.background =</span> <span class="fu">element_rect</span>(<span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"black"</span>, <span class="at">size =</span> <span class="fl">1.1</span>), </span>
<span id="cb14-19"><a href="#cb14-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">axis.text.x =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb14-20"><a href="#cb14-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">axis.text.y =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb14-21"><a href="#cb14-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">axis.title =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb14-22"><a href="#cb14-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> )</span>
<span id="cb14-23"><a href="#cb14-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-24"><a href="#cb14-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p2 <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(df_shipped, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> Year, <span class="at">y =</span> count, <span class="at">group =</span> <span class="dv">1</span>)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-25"><a href="#cb14-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_point</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-26"><a href="#cb14-26" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_line</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-27"><a href="#cb14-27" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-28"><a href="#cb14-28" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggtitle</span>(<span class="st">"游戏销量变化"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-29"><a href="#cb14-29" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>, <span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-30"><a href="#cb14-30" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">plot.background =</span> <span class="fu">element_rect</span>(<span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"black"</span>, <span class="at">size =</span> <span class="fl">1.1</span>),</span>
<span id="cb14-31"><a href="#cb14-31" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">axis.text.x =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>, <span class="at">angle =</span> <span class="dv">90</span>)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-32"><a href="#cb14-32" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_curve</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="dv">40</span>, <span class="at">y =</span> <span class="dv">450</span>, <span class="at">xend =</span> <span class="dv">42</span>, <span class="at">yend =</span> <span class="dv">500</span>,</span>
<span id="cb14-33"><a href="#cb14-33" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">angle =</span> <span class="dv">35</span>,</span>
<span id="cb14-34"><a href="#cb14-34" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">arrow =</span> <span class="fu">arrow</span>(<span class="at">length =</span> <span class="fu">unit</span>(<span class="fl">0.3</span>, <span class="st">"cm"</span>)),</span>
<span id="cb14-35"><a href="#cb14-35" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"red"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-36"><a href="#cb14-36" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">annotate</span>(<span class="st">"text"</span>, <span class="at">x =</span> <span class="dv">42</span>, <span class="at">y =</span> <span class="dv">550</span>, </span>
<span id="cb14-37"><a href="#cb14-37" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">label =</span> <span class="st">"COVID-19"</span>, <span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"red"</span>, <span class="at">size =</span> <span class="dv">3</span>)</span>
<span id="cb14-38"><a href="#cb14-38" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p1<span class="sc">/</span>p2</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div class="quarto-figure quarto-figure-center">
<figure class="figure">
<p><img src="1-vgsales_files/figure-html/shipped-1.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="672"></p>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>由图@ref(fig:shipped)可以看出：<br>
- 销量排名前十的年份均在21世纪，且2009年销量最高。2009年之后，游戏销量逐渐下滑，在2011年左右趋于平稳。</p>
<ul>
<li>2018~2019年，游戏销量急剧下滑。猜测原因为新冠肺炎疫情的爆发导致的游戏产能下降、经济下滑，从而大幅影响了游戏的销量。</li>
</ul>
<p>下面我们将具体看一下各游戏平台的表现。</p>
</section>
<section id="游戏平台排名销量游戏数量" class="level4" data-number="1.3.1.2">
<h4 data-number="1.3.1.2" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="游戏平台排名销量游戏数量"><span class="header-section-number">1.3.1.2</span> 游戏平台排名（销量、游戏数量）</h4>
<div class="cell" data-layout-align="center">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb15"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb15-1"><a href="#cb15-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_platform <span class="ot"><-</span> df <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb15-2"><a href="#cb15-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">select</span>(Platform, Total_Shipped) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb15-3"><a href="#cb15-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">group_by</span>(Platform) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb15-4"><a href="#cb15-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">summarize</span>(<span class="at">amount =</span> <span class="fu">sum</span>(Total_Shipped)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb15-5"><a href="#cb15-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">arrange</span>(<span class="fu">desc</span>(amount)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb15-6"><a href="#cb15-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">head</span>(<span class="dv">10</span>)</span>
<span id="cb15-7"><a href="#cb15-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb15-8"><a href="#cb15-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p3 <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(df_platform, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="fu">reorder</span>(Platform, amount), <span class="at">y =</span> amount, </span>
<span id="cb15-9"><a href="#cb15-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> Platform)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-10"><a href="#cb15-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_bar</span>(<span class="at">stat =</span> <span class="st">"identity"</span>, <span class="at">alpha =</span> <span class="fl">0.7</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-11"><a href="#cb15-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>, <span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-12"><a href="#cb15-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggtitle</span>(<span class="st">"游戏平台排名"</span>, <span class="at">subtitle =</span> <span class="st">"平台销量排名"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-13"><a href="#cb15-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">coord_flip</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-14"><a href="#cb15-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-15"><a href="#cb15-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"none"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb15-16"><a href="#cb15-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">axis.text =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>), </span>
<span id="cb15-17"><a href="#cb15-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">plot.title =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb15-18"><a href="#cb15-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">plot.background =</span> <span class="fu">element_rect</span>(<span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"black"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb15-19"><a href="#cb15-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb15-20"><a href="#cb15-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_platform2 <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">as.data.frame</span>(<span class="fu">table</span>(df<span class="sc">$</span>Platform)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb15-21"><a href="#cb15-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">rename</span>(<span class="at">Platform =</span> Var1) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb15-22"><a href="#cb15-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">arrange</span>(<span class="fu">desc</span>(Freq)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb15-23"><a href="#cb15-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">head</span>(<span class="dv">10</span>)</span>
<span id="cb15-24"><a href="#cb15-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb15-25"><a href="#cb15-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p4 <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(df_platform2, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="fu">reorder</span>(Platform, Freq), <span class="at">y =</span> Freq, </span>
<span id="cb15-26"><a href="#cb15-26" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> Platform)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-27"><a href="#cb15-27" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_bar</span>(<span class="at">stat =</span> <span class="st">"identity"</span>, <span class="at">alpha =</span> <span class="fl">0.7</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-28"><a href="#cb15-28" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>, <span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-29"><a href="#cb15-29" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggtitle</span>(<span class="st">"游戏平台排名"</span>, <span class="at">subtitle =</span> <span class="st">"平台游戏数量排名"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-30"><a href="#cb15-30" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">coord_flip</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-31"><a href="#cb15-31" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-32"><a href="#cb15-32" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">plot.background =</span> <span class="fu">element_rect</span>(<span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"black"</span>), </span>
<span id="cb15-33"><a href="#cb15-33" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"none"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb15-34"><a href="#cb15-34" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">plot.title =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb15-35"><a href="#cb15-35" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">axis.text =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb15-36"><a href="#cb15-36" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p3<span class="sc">|</span>p4</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div class="quarto-figure quarto-figure-center">
<figure class="figure">
<p><img src="1-vgsales_files/figure-html/platform-1.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="672"></p>
<p></p><figcaption aria-hidden="true" class="figure-caption">游戏平台排名</figcaption><p></p>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>由图@ref(fig:platform)可以看出：</p>
<ul>
<li>PS2不愧是有史以来最成功的的家用主机，发行在其上的游戏销量排名第一、游戏数量排名第二。</li>
<li>PC游戏仍有一定竞争力。</li>
<li>御三家统治了主机游戏。</li>
</ul>
<p>下面我们看一下游戏开发商的情况。</p>
</section>
<section id="开发商和发行商排名" class="level4" data-number="1.3.1.3">
<h4 data-number="1.3.1.3" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="开发商和发行商排名"><span class="header-section-number">1.3.1.3</span> 开发商和发行商排名</h4>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb16"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb16-1"><a href="#cb16-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_developer <span class="ot"><-</span> df <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb16-2"><a href="#cb16-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">select</span>(Developer, Total_Shipped) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb16-3"><a href="#cb16-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">group_by</span>(Developer) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb16-4"><a href="#cb16-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">summarise</span>(<span class="at">amount =</span> <span class="fu">sum</span>(Total_Shipped)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb16-5"><a href="#cb16-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">arrange</span>(<span class="fu">desc</span>(amount)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb16-6"><a href="#cb16-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">head</span>(<span class="dv">10</span>)</span>
<span id="cb16-7"><a href="#cb16-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb16-8"><a href="#cb16-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p5 <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(df_developer, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="fu">reorder</span>(Developer, amount), <span class="at">y =</span> amount,</span>
<span id="cb16-9"><a href="#cb16-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> Developer)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb16-10"><a href="#cb16-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_bar</span>(<span class="at">stat =</span> <span class="st">"identity"</span>, <span class="at">alpha =</span> <span class="fl">0.7</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb16-11"><a href="#cb16-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">coord_flip</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb16-12"><a href="#cb16-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggtitle</span>(<span class="st">"开发商销量排名"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb16-13"><a href="#cb16-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>, <span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">""</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb16-14"><a href="#cb16-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb16-15"><a href="#cb16-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"none"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb16-16"><a href="#cb16-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">plot.background =</span> <span class="fu">element_rect</span>(<span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"black"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb17"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb17-1"><a href="#cb17-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_publisher <span class="ot"><-</span> df <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb17-2"><a href="#cb17-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">select</span>(Publisher, Total_Shipped) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb17-3"><a href="#cb17-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">group_by</span>(Publisher) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb17-4"><a href="#cb17-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">summarise</span>(<span class="at">amount =</span> <span class="fu">sum</span>(Total_Shipped)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb17-5"><a href="#cb17-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">arrange</span>(<span class="fu">desc</span>(amount)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb17-6"><a href="#cb17-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">head</span>(<span class="dv">10</span>)</span>
<span id="cb17-7"><a href="#cb17-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb17-8"><a href="#cb17-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p6 <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(df_publisher, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="fu">reorder</span>(Publisher, amount), <span class="at">y =</span> amount,</span>
<span id="cb17-9"><a href="#cb17-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> Publisher)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb17-10"><a href="#cb17-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_bar</span>(<span class="at">stat =</span> <span class="st">"identity"</span>, <span class="at">alpha =</span> <span class="fl">0.7</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb17-11"><a href="#cb17-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">coord_flip</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb17-12"><a href="#cb17-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggtitle</span>(<span class="st">"发行商销量排名"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb17-13"><a href="#cb17-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>, <span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">""</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb17-14"><a href="#cb17-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb17-15"><a href="#cb17-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"none"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb17-16"><a href="#cb17-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">plot.background =</span> <span class="fu">element_rect</span>(<span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"black"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb17-17"><a href="#cb17-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p5<span class="sc">|</span>p6</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<p><img src="1-vgsales_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-6-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
<ul>
<li>任天堂作为开发商和发行商均独占鳌头。</li>
<li>Game Freak依靠王牌IP精灵宝可梦占据开发商销量第三名。</li>
<li>大家耳熟能详的游戏开发商和发行商均有上榜。</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section id="探索性分析" class="level2" data-number="1.4">
<h2 data-number="1.4" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="探索性分析"><span class="header-section-number">1.4</span> 探索性分析</h2>
<p>在统计学中，探索性数据分析 (EAD) 是一种分析数据集以总结其主要特征的方法，通常使用可视化方法。</p>
<section id="世界最畅销游戏" class="level3" data-number="1.4.1">
<h3 data-number="1.4.1" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="世界最畅销游戏"><span class="header-section-number">1.4.1</span> 世界最畅销游戏</h3>
<section id="最畅销的5个游戏" class="level4" data-number="1.4.1.1">
<h4 data-number="1.4.1.1" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="最畅销的5个游戏"><span class="header-section-number">1.4.1.1</span> 最畅销的5个游戏</h4>
<p>那么，1977年~2019年间，到底哪个游戏销量是最高的呢？</p>
<div class="cell" data-layout-align="center">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb18"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb18-1"><a href="#cb18-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">options</span>(<span class="at">repr.plot.width =</span> <span class="dv">20</span>, <span class="at">repr.plot.height =</span> <span class="dv">8</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-2"><a href="#cb18-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-3"><a href="#cb18-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_games <span class="ot"><-</span> df <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb18-4"><a href="#cb18-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">select</span>(Name, Total_Shipped) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb18-5"><a href="#cb18-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">group_by</span>(Name) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb18-6"><a href="#cb18-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">summarise</span>(<span class="at">amount =</span> <span class="fu">sum</span>(Total_Shipped)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb18-7"><a href="#cb18-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">arrange</span>(<span class="fu">desc</span>(amount)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb18-8"><a href="#cb18-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">head</span>(<span class="dv">5</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-9"><a href="#cb18-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-10"><a href="#cb18-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p7 <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(df_games, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="fu">reorder</span>(Name, amount), <span class="at">y =</span> amount,</span>
<span id="cb18-11"><a href="#cb18-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> Name)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb18-12"><a href="#cb18-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_col</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">alpha =</span> <span class="fl">0.9</span>)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb18-13"><a href="#cb18-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_label</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">label =</span> amount), <span class="at">size =</span> <span class="dv">3</span>,</span>
<span id="cb18-14"><a href="#cb18-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fontface =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb18-15"><a href="#cb18-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"white"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb18-16"><a href="#cb18-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>, <span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb18-17"><a href="#cb18-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">coord_flip</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb18-18"><a href="#cb18-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb18-19"><a href="#cb18-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"none"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb18-20"><a href="#cb18-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">plot.background =</span> <span class="fu">element_rect</span>(<span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"black"</span>, <span class="at">size =</span> <span class="fl">1.1</span>),</span>
<span id="cb18-21"><a href="#cb18-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">axis.text.x =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>( <span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb18-22"><a href="#cb18-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">axis.text.y =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb18-23"><a href="#cb18-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-24"><a href="#cb18-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p8 <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(df_games, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> Name, <span class="at">y =</span> amount)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb18-25"><a href="#cb18-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_line</span>(<span class="at">alpha =</span> <span class="fl">0.7</span>, <span class="at">group =</span> <span class="dv">1</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb18-26"><a href="#cb18-26" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_point</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">fill =</span> Name), <span class="at">shape =</span> <span class="dv">2</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb18-27"><a href="#cb18-27" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>()<span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb18-28"><a href="#cb18-28" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"none"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb18-29"><a href="#cb18-29" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">plot.background =</span> <span class="fu">element_rect</span>(<span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"black"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb18-30"><a href="#cb18-30" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">axis.text.x =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb18-31"><a href="#cb18-31" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">""</span>, <span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">""</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb18-32"><a href="#cb18-32" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">coord_polar</span>()</span>
<span id="cb18-33"><a href="#cb18-33" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p7<span class="sc">|</span>p8</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div class="quarto-figure quarto-figure-center">
<figure class="figure">
<p><img src="1-vgsales_files/figure-html/games-1.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="672"></p>
<p></p><figcaption aria-hidden="true" class="figure-caption">游戏总销量排名</figcaption><p></p>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>由图@ref(fig:games)可知：</p>
<ul>
<li>游戏销量排名前3的游戏为：Wii Sports、GTA5和我的世界。</li>
<li>GTV5和我的世界在多个游戏平台均有发售，Wii Sports为任天堂平台独占。</li>
<li>任天堂游戏平台发售的游戏占前十的大多数，<strong>任天堂就是世界的主宰！</strong></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="最畅销的5个游戏逐年分布" class="level4" data-number="1.4.1.2">
<h4 data-number="1.4.1.2" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="最畅销的5个游戏逐年分布"><span class="header-section-number">1.4.1.2</span> 最畅销的5个游戏逐年分布</h4>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb19"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb19-1"><a href="#cb19-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_games_top5 <span class="ot"><-</span> df <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb19-2"><a href="#cb19-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(Name <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"Wii Sports"</span> <span class="sc">|</span></span>
<span id="cb19-3"><a href="#cb19-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> Name <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"Grand Theft Auto V"</span><span class="sc">|</span></span>
<span id="cb19-4"><a href="#cb19-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> Name <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"Minecraft"</span><span class="sc">|</span></span>
<span id="cb19-5"><a href="#cb19-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> Name <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"Super Mario Bros."</span><span class="sc">|</span></span>
<span id="cb19-6"><a href="#cb19-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> Name <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"Counter-Strike: Global Offensive"</span>) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb19-7"><a href="#cb19-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">select</span>(Name, Year, Total_Shipped)</span>
<span id="cb19-8"><a href="#cb19-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb19-9"><a href="#cb19-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ggplot</span>(df_games_top5, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> Year, <span class="at">y =</span> Total_Shipped)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb19-10"><a href="#cb19-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_bar</span>(<span class="at">stat =</span> <span class="st">"identity"</span>, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">fill =</span> Name, </span>
<span id="cb19-11"><a href="#cb19-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">color =</span> Name),</span>
<span id="cb19-12"><a href="#cb19-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">alpha =</span> <span class="dv">8</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb19-13"><a href="#cb19-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">facet_wrap</span>(<span class="sc">~</span>Name) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb19-14"><a href="#cb19-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">""</span>, <span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">"总销量（百万套）"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb19-15"><a href="#cb19-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>()<span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb19-16"><a href="#cb19-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"none"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb19-17"><a href="#cb19-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">strip.text.x =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(</span>
<span id="cb19-18"><a href="#cb19-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">margin =</span> <span class="fu">margin</span>(<span class="dv">7</span>, <span class="dv">7</span>, <span class="dv">7</span>, <span class="dv">7</span>), <span class="at">size =</span> <span class="dv">7</span>, </span>
<span id="cb19-19"><a href="#cb19-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>, <span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"white"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb19-20"><a href="#cb19-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">strip.background =</span> <span class="fu">element_rect</span>(<span class="at">fill =</span> <span class="st">"#B45F04"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb19-21"><a href="#cb19-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">color =</span> <span class="st">"black"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb19-22"><a href="#cb19-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">plot.title =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb19-23"><a href="#cb19-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">axis.text.x =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb19-24"><a href="#cb19-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">angle =</span> <span class="dv">90</span>,</span>
<span id="cb19-25"><a href="#cb19-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">vjust =</span> <span class="fl">0.5</span>),</span>
<span id="cb19-26"><a href="#cb19-26" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">axis.text.y =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">face =</span> <span class="st">"bold"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<p><img src="1-vgsales_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-7-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section id="媒体打分与玩家打分的关系" class="level2" data-number="1.5">
<h2 data-number="1.5" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="媒体打分与玩家打分的关系"><span class="header-section-number">1.5</span> 媒体打分与玩家打分的关系</h2>
<p>俗话说，“低分信媒体，高分信自己”。如果一款游戏媒体打分低，那肯定不行，但如果一个游戏媒体打高分，也不一定好玩（有可能是塞了钱）。</p>
<p>下面我们就分析一下媒体打分与玩家打分的关系。</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb20"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb20-1"><a href="#cb20-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_score <span class="ot"><-</span> df <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb20-2"><a href="#cb20-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">select</span>(Name, User_Score, Critic_Score) </span>
<span id="cb20-3"><a href="#cb20-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb20-4"><a href="#cb20-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>cor <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">cor.test</span>(df_score<span class="sc">$</span>User_Score, df_score<span class="sc">$</span>Critic_Score,</span>
<span id="cb20-5"><a href="#cb20-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">method =</span> <span class="st">"pearson"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb20-6"><a href="#cb20-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>p.value <span class="ot"><-</span> cor<span class="sc">$</span>p.value</span>
<span id="cb20-7"><a href="#cb20-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>coef <span class="ot"><-</span> cor<span class="sc">$</span>estimate </span>
<span id="cb20-8"><a href="#cb20-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb20-9"><a href="#cb20-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ggplot</span>(df_score, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> User_Score, <span class="at">y =</span> Critic_Score)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb20-10"><a href="#cb20-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_smooth</span>(<span class="at">method =</span> lm)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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<p><img src="1-vgsales_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-8-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
<p>可以看到两个打分的相关系数为0.16，且p值小于0.05，表明两者呈现显著的正相关。看来游戏媒体和玩家对游戏的口味还是一样的，某种程度上说，高分也可以信媒体。</p>
</section>
<section id="玩家与媒体分别最喜欢哪个发行商" class="level2" data-number="1.6">
<h2 data-number="1.6" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="玩家与媒体分别最喜欢哪个发行商"><span class="header-section-number">1.6</span> 玩家与媒体分别最喜欢哪个发行商</h2>
<section id="玩家" class="level3" data-number="1.6.1">
<h3 data-number="1.6.1" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="玩家"><span class="header-section-number">1.6.1</span> 玩家</h3>
<p>那么，玩家最喜欢（打分最高）的游戏发行商是谁呢？</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb21"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb21-1"><a href="#cb21-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_player <span class="ot"><-</span> df <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb21-2"><a href="#cb21-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">select</span>(Publisher, User_Score)</span>
<span id="cb21-3"><a href="#cb21-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb21-4"><a href="#cb21-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_player<span class="sc">$</span>Publisher <span class="ot"><-</span> df_player<span class="sc">$</span>Publisher <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb21-5"><a href="#cb21-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">map</span>(<span class="sc">~</span></span>
<span id="cb21-6"><a href="#cb21-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">str_detect</span>(.x,<span class="st">"Sony"</span>) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb21-7"><a href="#cb21-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ifelse</span>(<span class="st">"Sony"</span>, .x)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb21-8"><a href="#cb21-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">unlist</span>() </span>
<span id="cb21-9"><a href="#cb21-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb21-10"><a href="#cb21-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_player <span class="ot"><-</span> df_player<span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb21-11"><a href="#cb21-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">group_by</span>(Publisher) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb21-12"><a href="#cb21-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">summarise</span>(<span class="at">count =</span> <span class="fu">n</span>(),</span>
<span id="cb21-13"><a href="#cb21-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">mean_score =</span> <span class="fu">mean</span>(User_Score)) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb21-14"><a href="#cb21-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(count <span class="sc">>=</span> <span class="dv">50</span>) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb21-15"><a href="#cb21-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">select</span>(Publisher, mean_score) <span class="sc">%>%</span> </span>
<span id="cb21-16"><a href="#cb21-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">arrange</span>(<span class="fu">desc</span>(mean_score))</span>
<span id="cb21-17"><a href="#cb21-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_player</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code># A tibble: 62 × 2
Publisher mean_score
<chr> <dbl>
1 Rockstar Games 7.84
2 Microsoft Game Studios 7.77
3 Nintendo 7.77
4 Sierra Entertainment 7.72
5 DreamCatcher Interactive 7.71
6 5pb 7.71
7 Sony 7.70
8 Eidos Interactive 7.70
9 Acclaim Entertainment 7.7
10 Agetec 7.7
# … with 52 more rows</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p>在发行过50个以上游戏的老牌发行商中：</p>
<ul>
<li>R星凭借GTA、荒野大镖客等重量级IP以7.842的评分独占鳌头。</li>
<li>所有发行商的评分均超过7分，说明现代游戏的质量还是有保障的。</li>
</ul>
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