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<!doctype html><html lang="en">
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" name="viewport">
<title>CSS Toggles</title>
<meta content="UD" name="w3c-status">
<link href="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/2021/W3C-UD" rel="stylesheet">
<meta content="Bikeshed version bd6bca697, updated Fri Feb 9 14:28:26 2024 -0800" name="generator">
<link href="http://tabatkins.github.io/css-toggle/" rel="canonical">
<meta content="bac57d6d39b908f96baea152f3870f004b4668ec" name="revision">
<style>
/* Put nice boxes around each algorithm. */
[data-algorithm]:not(.heading) {
padding: .5em;
border: thin solid #ddd; border-radius: .5em;
margin: .5em calc(-0.5em - 1px);
}
[data-algorithm]:not(.heading) > :first-child {
margin-top: 0;
}
[data-algorithm]:not(.heading) > :last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
[data-algorithm] [data-algorithm] {
margin: 1em 0;
}
</style>
<style>/* Boilerplate: style-autolinks */
.css.css, .property.property, .descriptor.descriptor {
color: var(--a-normal-text);
font-size: inherit;
font-family: inherit;
}
.css::before, .property::before, .descriptor::before {
content: "‘";
}
.css::after, .property::after, .descriptor::after {
content: "’";
}
.property, .descriptor {
/* Don't wrap property and descriptor names */
white-space: nowrap;
}
.type { /* CSS value <type> */
font-style: italic;
}
pre .property::before, pre .property::after {
content: "";
}
[data-link-type="property"]::before,
[data-link-type="propdesc"]::before,
[data-link-type="descriptor"]::before,
[data-link-type="value"]::before,
[data-link-type="function"]::before,
[data-link-type="at-rule"]::before,
[data-link-type="selector"]::before,
[data-link-type="maybe"]::before {
content: "‘";
}
[data-link-type="property"]::after,
[data-link-type="propdesc"]::after,
[data-link-type="descriptor"]::after,
[data-link-type="value"]::after,
[data-link-type="function"]::after,
[data-link-type="at-rule"]::after,
[data-link-type="selector"]::after,
[data-link-type="maybe"]::after {
content: "’";
}
[data-link-type].production::before,
[data-link-type].production::after,
.prod [data-link-type]::before,
.prod [data-link-type]::after {
content: "";
}
[data-link-type=element],
[data-link-type=element-attr] {
font-family: Menlo, Consolas, "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace;
font-size: .9em;
}
[data-link-type=element]::before { content: "<" }
[data-link-type=element]::after { content: ">" }
[data-link-type=biblio] {
white-space: pre;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
:root {
--selflink-text: black;
--selflink-bg: silver;
--selflink-hover-text: white;
}
}
</style>
<style>/* Boilerplate: style-colors */
/* Any --*-text not paired with a --*-bg is assumed to have a transparent bg */
:root {
color-scheme: light dark;
--text: black;
--bg: white;
--unofficial-watermark: url(https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/2016/logos/UD-watermark);
--logo-bg: #1a5e9a;
--logo-active-bg: #c00;
--logo-text: white;
--tocnav-normal-text: #707070;
--tocnav-normal-bg: var(--bg);
--tocnav-hover-text: var(--tocnav-normal-text);
--tocnav-hover-bg: #f8f8f8;
--tocnav-active-text: #c00;
--tocnav-active-bg: var(--tocnav-normal-bg);
--tocsidebar-text: var(--text);
--tocsidebar-bg: #f7f8f9;
--tocsidebar-shadow: rgba(0,0,0,.1);
--tocsidebar-heading-text: hsla(203,20%,40%,.7);
--toclink-text: var(--text);
--toclink-underline: #3980b5;
--toclink-visited-text: var(--toclink-text);
--toclink-visited-underline: #054572;
--heading-text: #005a9c;
--hr-text: var(--text);
--algo-border: #def;
--del-text: red;
--del-bg: transparent;
--ins-text: #080;
--ins-bg: transparent;
--a-normal-text: #034575;
--a-normal-underline: #bbb;
--a-visited-text: var(--a-normal-text);
--a-visited-underline: #707070;
--a-hover-bg: rgba(75%, 75%, 75%, .25);
--a-active-text: #c00;
--a-active-underline: #c00;
--blockquote-border: silver;
--blockquote-bg: transparent;
--blockquote-text: currentcolor;
--issue-border: #e05252;
--issue-bg: #fbe9e9;
--issue-text: var(--text);
--issueheading-text: #831616;
--example-border: #e0cb52;
--example-bg: #fcfaee;
--example-text: var(--text);
--exampleheading-text: #574b0f;
--note-border: #52e052;
--note-bg: #e9fbe9;
--note-text: var(--text);
--noteheading-text: hsl(120, 70%, 30%);
--notesummary-underline: silver;
--assertion-border: #aaa;
--assertion-bg: #eee;
--assertion-text: black;
--advisement-border: orange;
--advisement-bg: #fec;
--advisement-text: var(--text);
--advisementheading-text: #b35f00;
--warning-border: red;
--warning-bg: hsla(40,100%,50%,0.95);
--warning-text: var(--text);
--amendment-border: #330099;
--amendment-bg: #F5F0FF;
--amendment-text: var(--text);
--amendmentheading-text: #220066;
--def-border: #8ccbf2;
--def-bg: #def;
--def-text: var(--text);
--defrow-border: #bbd7e9;
--datacell-border: silver;
--indexinfo-text: #707070;
--indextable-hover-text: black;
--indextable-hover-bg: #f7f8f9;
--outdatedspec-bg: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
--outdatedspec-text: black;
--outdated-bg: maroon;
--outdated-text: white;
--outdated-shadow: red;
--editedrec-bg: darkorange;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
:root {
--text: #ddd;
--bg: black;
--unofficial-watermark: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='400' height='400'%3E%3Cg fill='%23100808' transform='translate(200 200) rotate(-45) translate(-200 -200)' stroke='%23100808' stroke-width='3'%3E%3Ctext x='50%25' y='220' style='font: bold 70px sans-serif; text-anchor: middle; letter-spacing: 6px;'%3EUNOFFICIAL%3C/text%3E%3Ctext x='50%25' y='305' style='font: bold 70px sans-serif; text-anchor: middle; letter-spacing: 6px;'%3EDRAFT%3C/text%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");
--logo-bg: #1a5e9a;
--logo-active-bg: #c00;
--logo-text: white;
--tocnav-normal-text: #999;
--tocnav-normal-bg: var(--bg);
--tocnav-hover-text: var(--tocnav-normal-text);
--tocnav-hover-bg: #080808;
--tocnav-active-text: #f44;
--tocnav-active-bg: var(--tocnav-normal-bg);
--tocsidebar-text: var(--text);
--tocsidebar-bg: #080808;
--tocsidebar-shadow: rgba(255,255,255,.1);
--tocsidebar-heading-text: hsla(203,20%,40%,.7);
--toclink-text: var(--text);
--toclink-underline: #6af;
--toclink-visited-text: var(--toclink-text);
--toclink-visited-underline: #054572;
--heading-text: #8af;
--hr-text: var(--text);
--algo-border: #456;
--del-text: #f44;
--del-bg: transparent;
--ins-text: #4a4;
--ins-bg: transparent;
--a-normal-text: #6af;
--a-normal-underline: #555;
--a-visited-text: var(--a-normal-text);
--a-visited-underline: var(--a-normal-underline);
--a-hover-bg: rgba(25%, 25%, 25%, .2);
--a-active-text: #f44;
--a-active-underline: var(--a-active-text);
--borderedblock-bg: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05);
--blockquote-border: silver;
--blockquote-bg: var(--borderedblock-bg);
--blockquote-text: currentcolor;
--issue-border: #e05252;
--issue-bg: var(--borderedblock-bg);
--issue-text: var(--text);
--issueheading-text: hsl(0deg, 70%, 70%);
--example-border: hsl(50deg, 90%, 60%);
--example-bg: var(--borderedblock-bg);
--example-text: var(--text);
--exampleheading-text: hsl(50deg, 70%, 70%);
--note-border: hsl(120deg, 100%, 35%);
--note-bg: var(--borderedblock-bg);
--note-text: var(--text);
--noteheading-text: hsl(120, 70%, 70%);
--notesummary-underline: silver;
--assertion-border: #444;
--assertion-bg: var(--borderedblock-bg);
--assertion-text: var(--text);
--advisement-border: orange;
--advisement-bg: #222218;
--advisement-text: var(--text);
--advisementheading-text: #f84;
--warning-border: red;
--warning-bg: hsla(40,100%,20%,0.95);
--warning-text: var(--text);
--amendment-border: #330099;
--amendment-bg: #080010;
--amendment-text: var(--text);
--amendmentheading-text: #cc00ff;
--def-border: #8ccbf2;
--def-bg: #080818;
--def-text: var(--text);
--defrow-border: #136;
--datacell-border: silver;
--indexinfo-text: #aaa;
--indextable-hover-text: var(--text);
--indextable-hover-bg: #181818;
--outdatedspec-bg: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);
--outdatedspec-text: black;
--outdated-bg: maroon;
--outdated-text: white;
--outdated-shadow: red;
--editedrec-bg: darkorange;
}
/* In case a transparent-bg image doesn't expect to be on a dark bg,
which is quite common in practice... */
img { background: white; }
}
</style>
<style>/* Boilerplate: style-counters */
body {
counter-reset: example figure issue;
}
.issue {
counter-increment: issue;
}
.issue:not(.no-marker)::before {
content: "Issue " counter(issue);
}
.example {
counter-increment: example;
}
.example:not(.no-marker)::before {
content: "Example " counter(example);
}
.invalid.example:not(.no-marker)::before,
.illegal.example:not(.no-marker)::before {
content: "Invalid Example" counter(example);
}
figcaption {
counter-increment: figure;
}
figcaption:not(.no-marker)::before {
content: "Figure " counter(figure) " ";
}
</style>
<style>/* Boilerplate: style-dfn-panel */
:root {
--dfnpanel-bg: #ddd;
--dfnpanel-text: var(--text);
--dfnpanel-target-bg: #ffc;
--dfnpanel-target-outline: orange;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
:root {
--dfnpanel-bg: #222;
--dfnpanel-text: var(--text);
--dfnpanel-target-bg: #333;
--dfnpanel-target-outline: silver;
}
}
.dfn-panel {
position: absolute;
z-index: 35;
width: 20em;
width: 300px;
height: auto;
max-height: 500px;
overflow: auto;
padding: 0.5em 0.75em;
font: small Helvetica Neue, sans-serif, Droid Sans Fallback;
background: var(--dfnpanel-bg);
color: var(--dfnpanel-text);
border: outset 0.2em;
white-space: normal; /* in case it's moved into a pre */
}
.dfn-panel:not(.on) { display: none; }
.dfn-panel * { margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; }
.dfn-panel > b { display: block; }
.dfn-panel a { color: var(--dfnpanel-text); }
.dfn-panel a:not(:hover) { text-decoration: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; }
.dfn-panel a:focus {
outline: 5px auto Highlight;
outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;
}
.dfn-panel > b + b { margin-top: 0.25em; }
.dfn-panel ul { padding: 0 0 0 1em; list-style: none; }
.dfn-panel li a {
max-width: calc(300px - 1.5em - 1em);
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
.dfn-panel.activated {
display: inline-block;
position: fixed;
left: 8px;
bottom: 2em;
margin: 0 auto;
max-width: calc(100vw - 1.5em - .4em - .5em);
max-height: 30vh;
transition: left 1s ease-out, bottom 1s ease-out;
}
.dfn-panel .link-item:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
.dfn-panel .link-item .copy-icon {
opacity: 0;
}
.dfn-panel .link-item:hover .copy-icon,
.dfn-panel .link-item .copy-icon:focus {
opacity: 1;
}
.dfn-panel .copy-icon {
display: inline-block;
margin-right: 0.5em;
width: 0.85em;
height: 1em;
border-radius: 3px;
background-color: #ccc;
cursor: pointer;
}
.dfn-panel .copy-icon .icon {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background-color: #fff;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
position: relative;
}
.dfn-panel .copy-icon .icon::before {
content: "";
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
border: 1px solid black;
background-color: #ccc;
opacity: 0.25;
transform: translate(3px, -3px);
}
.dfn-panel .copy-icon:active .icon::before {
opacity: 1;
}
.dfn-paneled[role="button"] { cursor: help; }
.highlighted {
animation: target-fade 3s;
}
@keyframes target-fade {
from {
background-color: var(--dfnpanel-target-bg);
outline: 5px solid var(--dfnpanel-target-outline);
}
to {
color: var(--a-normal-text);
background-color: transparent;
outline: transparent;
}
}
</style>
<style>/* Boilerplate: style-idl-highlighting */
pre.idl.highlight {
background: var(--borderedblock-bg, var(--def-bg));
}
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<body class="h-entry">
<div class="head">
<p data-fill-with="logo"><a class="logo" href="https://www.w3.org/"> <img alt="W3C" height="48" src="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/2021/logos/W3C" width="72"> </a> </p>
<h1 class="p-name no-ref" id="title">CSS Toggles</h1>
<p id="w3c-state"><a href="https://www.w3.org/standards/types#UD">Unofficial Proposal Draft</a>, <time class="dt-updated" datetime="2024-03-08">8 March 2024</time></p>
<details open>
<summary>More details about this document</summary>
<div data-fill-with="spec-metadata">
<dl>
<dt>This version:
<dd><a class="u-url" href="http://tabatkins.github.io/css-toggle/">http://tabatkins.github.io/css-toggle/</a>
<dt>Issue Tracking:
<dd><a href="https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts/labels/css-toggle-1">CSSWG Issues Repository</a>
<dd><a href="#issues-index">Inline In Spec</a>
<dt class="editor">Editors:
<dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard"><a class="p-name fn u-url url" href="http://xanthir.com/contact">Tab Atkins Jr.</a> (<span class="p-org org">Google</span>)
<dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard"><a class="p-name fn u-url url" href="http://miriamsuzanne.com/contact">Miriam E. Suzanne</a> (<span class="p-org org">Invited Expert</span>)
<dt>Suggest an Edit for this Spec:
<dd><a href="https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts/blob/main/css-toggle-1/Overview.bs">GitHub Editor</a>
</dl>
</div>
</details>
<div data-fill-with="warning">
<details class="annoying-warning" open>
<summary>Abandoned</summary>
<p>This spec attempted to handle too many things at once; the distinct behaviors may have an underlying mechanic driving them, but end up needing very different interaction/accessibility behaviors to be usable in practice. Instead, multiple more targeted proposals (`</p>
<details>
` groups, carousel styling, etc) are being pursued.
<p></p>
</details>
</details>
</div>
<p class="copyright" data-fill-with="copyright"><a href="https://www.w3.org/policies/#copyright">Copyright</a> © 2024 <a href="https://www.w3.org/">World Wide Web Consortium</a>. <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr><sup>®</sup> <a href="https://www.w3.org/policies/#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>, <a href="https://www.w3.org/policies/#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and <a href="https://www.w3.org/copyright/software-license/" rel="license" title="W3C Software and Document License">permissive document license</a> rules apply. </p>
<hr title="Separator for header">
</div>
<div class="p-summary" data-fill-with="abstract">
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="abstract"><span class="content">Abstract</span></h2>
<p>This specification defines a way to associate a "toggleable value" with an element which can be used in Selectors to select an element, and declarative ways to set and modify this value on the element.</p>
<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS/">CSS</a> is a language for describing the rendering of structured documents
(such as HTML and XML)
on screen, on paper, etc.
</div>
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="sotd"><span class="content">Status of this document</span></h2>
<div data-fill-with="status">
<p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication.
A list of current W3C publications
and the latest revision of this technical report
can be found in the <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index at https://www.w3.org/TR/.</a></em> </p>
<p>Please send feedback
by <a href="https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts/issues">filing issues in GitHub</a> (preferred),
including the spec code “css-toggle” in the title, like this:
“[css-toggle] <i>…summary of comment…</i>”.
All issues and comments are <a href="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-css-archive/">archived</a>.
Alternately, feedback can be sent to the (<a href="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">archived</a>) public mailing list <a href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?Subject=%5Bcss-toggle%5D%20PUT%20SUBJECT%20HERE">www-style@w3.org</a>. </p>
<p>This document is governed by the <a href="https://www.w3.org/2023/Process-20231103/" id="w3c_process_revision">03 November 2023 W3C Process Document</a>. </p>
<p>This document was produced by a group operating under the <a href="https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20200915/">W3C Patent Policy</a>.
W3C maintains a <a href="https://www.w3.org/groups/wg/css/ipr" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the deliverables of the group;
that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.
An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes
contains <a href="https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20200915/#def-essential">Essential Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with <a href="https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20200915/#sec-Disclosure">section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>. </p>
<p></p>
</div>
<div data-fill-with="at-risk"></div>
<nav data-fill-with="table-of-contents" id="toc">
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref" id="contents">Table of Contents</h2>
<ol class="toc" role="directory">
<li>
<a href="#introduction"><span class="secno">1</span> <span class="content"> Introduction</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#terminology"><span class="secno">1.1</span> <span class="content"> Terminology</span></a>
</ol>
<li>
<a href="#toggles"><span class="secno">2</span> <span class="content"> Toggle Concepts</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#toggle-vs-props"><span class="secno">2.1</span> <span class="content"> Toggles and CSS Properties</span></a>
</ol>
<li>
<a href="#toggle-root-property"><span class="secno">3</span> <span class="content"> Creating a Toggle: the <span class="property">toggle-root</span> property</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#toggle-creation"><span class="secno">3.1</span> <span class="content"> Toggle Creation Details</span></a>
<li><a href="#toggle-group-property"><span class="secno">3.2</span> <span class="content"> Linking Toggle Values: the <span class="property">toggle-group</span> property</span></a>
<li><a href="#toggle-trigger-property"><span class="secno">3.3</span> <span class="content"> Activating a Toggle: the <span class="property">toggle-trigger</span> property</span></a>
<li><a href="#toggle-property"><span class="secno">3.4</span> <span class="content"> Creating and Activating Toggles Simultaneously: the <span class="property">toggle</span> shorthand</span></a>
<li><a href="#a11y"><span class="secno">3.5</span> <span class="content"> Accessibility Implications of Toggles</span></a>
</ol>
<li><a href="#checked-pseudoclass"><span class="secno">4</span> <span class="content"> Selecting Elements Based on Toggle Value: the <span class="css">:toggle()</span> pseudo-class</span></a>
<li><a href="#toggle-visibility-property"><span class="secno">5</span> <span class="content"> Automatically Hiding With A Toggle</span></a>
<li>
<a href="#dom"><span class="secno">6</span> <span class="content"> Scripting API</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#csstogglemap"><span class="secno">6.1</span> <span class="content"> <code class="idl"><span>CSSToggleMap</span></code></span></a>
<li><a href="#csstoggle"><span class="secno">6.2</span> <span class="content"> <code class="idl"><span>CSSToggle</span></code></span></a>
<li><a href="#csstoggleevent"><span class="secno">6.3</span> <span class="content"> <code class="idl"><span>CSSToggleEvent</span></code></span></a>
</ol>
<li>
<a href="#w3c-conformance"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content"> Conformance</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#w3c-conventions"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content"> Document conventions</span></a>
<li><a href="#w3c-conformance-classes"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content"> Conformance classes</span></a>
<li>
<a href="#w3c-partial"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content"> Partial implementations</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#w3c-conform-future-proofing"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content"> Implementations of Unstable and Proprietary Features</span></a>
</ol>
<li><a href="#w3c-testing"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content"> Non-experimental implementations</span></a>
</ol>
<li>
<a href="#index"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Index</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#index-defined-here"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Terms defined by this specification</span></a>
<li><a href="#index-defined-elsewhere"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Terms defined by reference</span></a>
</ol>
<li>
<a href="#references"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">References</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#normative"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Normative References</span></a>
</ol>
<li><a href="#property-index"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Property Index</span></a>
<li><a href="#idl-index"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">IDL Index</span></a>
<li><a href="#issues-index"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Issues Index</span></a>
</ol>
</nav>
<main>
<h2 class="heading settled" data-level="1" id="introduction"><span class="secno">1. </span><span class="content"> Introduction</span><a class="self-link" href="#introduction"></a></h2>
<p><em>This section is not normative.</em></p>
<p>Many user-interface languages define elements which can have "toggleable state",
which can be modified by user interaction
and responded to by the element.
For example, in HTML, the <code><input type=checkbox></code> has a "checked" state
which toggles between true and false when the user activates the element,
and which is selected by the <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/selectors-4/#checked-pseudo" id="ref-for-checked-pseudo">:checked</a> pseudoclass.</p>
<p>These sorts of elements are extremely useful,
to the point that authors sometimes abuse them
to get the same functionality on <em>other</em> elements:</p>
<div class="example" id="example-ddbdc8c8">
<a class="self-link" href="#example-ddbdc8c8"></a> The following markup example shows how to lightly abuse HTML semantics
to declaratively use toggleable state:
<pre class="highlight"><c- p><</c-><c- f>ul</c-> <c- e>class</c-><c- o>=</c-><c- s>'ingredients'</c-><c- p>></c->
<c- p><</c-><c- f>li</c-><c- p>><</c-><c- f>label</c-><c- p>><</c-><c- f>input</c-> <c- e>type</c-><c- o>=</c-><c- s>checkbox</c-><c- p>><</c-><c- f>span</c-><c- p>></c->1 banana<c- p></</c-><c- f>span</c-><c- p>></</c-><c- f>label</c-><c- p>></c->
<c- p><</c-><c- f>li</c-><c- p>><</c-><c- f>label</c-><c- p>><</c-><c- f>input</c-> <c- e>type</c-><c- o>=</c-><c- s>checkbox</c-><c- p>><</c-><c- f>span</c-><c- p>></c->1 cup blueberries<c- p></</c-><c- f>span</c-><c- p>></</c-><c- f>label</c-><c- p>></c->
...
<c- p></</c-><c- f>ul</c-><c- p>></c->
<c- p><</c-><c- f>style</c-><c- p>></c->
<c- f>input</c-><c- o>[</c-><c- f>type</c-><c- o>=</c-><c- t>'checkbox'</c-><c- o>]</c-> <c- p>{</c->
<c- k>display</c-><c- p>:</c-> <c- kc>none</c-><c- p>;</c->
<c- p>}</c->
<c- f>input</c-><c- o>[</c-><c- f>type</c-><c- o>=</c-><c- t>'checkbox'</c-><c- o>]</c-><c- p>:</c-><c- nd>checked</c-> <c- o>+</c-> <c- f>span</c-> <c- p>{</c->
<c- k>color</c-><c- p>:</c-> <c- kc>silver</c-><c- p>;</c->
<c- k>text-decoration</c-><c- p>:</c-> <c- kc>line-through</c-><c- p>;</c->
<c- p>}</c->
<c- p></</c-><c- f>style</c-><c- p>></c->
</pre>
<p>In this markup,
one can cross out ingredients as they’re used in the recipe
by simply clicking on them,
without any scripting being involved.
The <code><a data-link-type="element" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/forms.html#the-label-element" id="ref-for-the-label-element">label</a></code> "transfers" the activation
to the (hidden) checkboxes,
which are then used to style the span.</p>
</div>
<p>This module generalizes this ability
and allows it to be applied to any element via CSS,
so authors do not have to abuse host language semantics for styling purposes.
It defines a a way of attaching lightweight "state" to an element via CSS
(<a class="property css" data-link-type="property" href="#propdef-toggle-root" id="ref-for-propdef-toggle-root">toggle-root</a>),
defining how user interactions can change that state
(<a class="property css" data-link-type="property" href="#propdef-toggle-trigger" id="ref-for-propdef-toggle-trigger">toggle-trigger</a>),
and responding to that state from CSS
(<a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="#selectordef-toggle" id="ref-for-selectordef-toggle">:toggle()</a> pseudo-class).
Scripting can also create, modify, and respond to this state,
to accommodate more complicated scenarios.</p>
<p>It also defines how to infer reasonable accessibility semantics
from the toggle structure,
making it simpler and more reliable
to produce accessible pages
using these sorts of basic interactivity
without the author having to manually annotate a page
with ARIA attributes or similar.</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="1.1" id="terminology"><span class="secno">1.1. </span><span class="content"> Terminology</span><a class="self-link" href="#terminology"></a></h3>
<p>Any element can become a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-root">toggle root</dfn>,
meaning it hosts one or more <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#css-toggle" id="ref-for-css-toggle">toggles</a>.
Each <span id="ref-for-css-toggle①">toggle</span> has a name,
a value between 0 and some maximum,
and a few other bits of metadata,
all of which can be set via the <a class="property css" data-link-type="property" href="#propdef-toggle-root" id="ref-for-propdef-toggle-root①">toggle-root</a> property.
The toggle is visible to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#toggle-root" id="ref-for-toggle-root">toggle root</a>,
its descendants,
and possibly its siblings and their descendants
(if the toggle says they can);
any element that can "see" a <span id="ref-for-css-toggle②">toggle</span> can use the <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="#selectordef-toggle" id="ref-for-selectordef-toggle①">:toggle()</a> pseudo-class
to select the element based on the toggle’s value.</p>
<p>Any element that can see a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#css-toggle" id="ref-for-css-toggle③">toggle</a> can also <em>trigger</em> the toggle,
changing its value when the element is "activated",
via the <a class="property css" data-link-type="property" href="#propdef-toggle-trigger" id="ref-for-propdef-toggle-trigger①">toggle-trigger</a> property.
This means you can have elements that self-trigger their own toggle,
like checkboxes,
but also have toggles that are visible to wide sections of a page
and are triggered by buttons (or tabs, or headings, etc)
inside that section,
so multiple elements can use <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="#selectordef-toggle" id="ref-for-selectordef-toggle②">:toggle()</a> to respond to the toggle.</p>
<p>Toggles can also be grouped together,
so that only one of the toggles in the group
can have a non-zero value at a time,
like how radio buttons work in HTML.</p>
<h2 class="heading settled" data-level="2" id="toggles"><span class="secno">2. </span><span class="content"> Toggle Concepts</span><a class="self-link" href="#toggles"></a></h2>
<p>A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="CSS" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="css-toggle">toggle</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct" id="ref-for-struct">struct</a> associated with an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-display-3/#elements" id="ref-for-elements">element</a>,
which represents something that can be toggled on or off by user action,
and matched with Selectors.
Toggles have the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct-item" id="ref-for-struct-item">items</a>:</p>
<dl>
<dt data-md><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-name">name</dfn>
<dd data-md>
<p>A <a class="production css" data-link-type="type" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-values-4/#typedef-dashed-ident" id="ref-for-typedef-dashed-ident"><dashed-ident></a>.</p>
<dt data-md><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-value">value</dfn>
<dd data-md>
<p>A <a class="production css" data-link-type="type" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-values-4/#identifier-value" id="ref-for-identifier-value"><custom-ident></a> or non-negative <a class="production css" data-link-type="type" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-values-4/#integer-value" id="ref-for-integer-value"><integer></a>:
either 0 (the <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-inactive-value">inactive value</dfn>)
or a value 1 or higher (the <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="active value" id="toggle-active-value">active values</dfn>).</p>
<dt data-md><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-states">states</dfn>
<dd data-md>
<p>Either an integer greater than or equal to 1,
indicating the nominally maximum integer <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#toggle-value" id="ref-for-toggle-value">value</a>,
or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list">list</a> of unique state names,
each of which are <a class="production css" data-link-type="type" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-values-4/#identifier-value" id="ref-for-identifier-value①"><custom-ident></a>s.</p>
<p>This also defines the <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-maximum-state">maximum state</dfn> of a toggle,
as either the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#toggle-states" id="ref-for-toggle-states">states</a> value (if it’s an integer)
or the length of <span id="ref-for-toggle-states①">states</span> minus 1 (if it’s a list).</p>
<p class="note" role="note"><span class="marker">Note:</span> Toggles can be set to integer values larger than than the "maximum",
or to ident values not given in the list of names,
but when a toggle is incremented or decremented
it will treat all such values as out-of-bounds
and bring the value back within the range defined by <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#toggle-states" id="ref-for-toggle-states②">states</a>.</p>
<dt data-md><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-group">group</dfn>
<dd data-md>
<p>A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#boolean" id="ref-for-boolean">boolean</a> indicating whether the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#css-toggle" id="ref-for-css-toggle④">toggle</a> is part of a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#css-toggle-group" id="ref-for-css-toggle-group">toggle group</a> (of the same <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#toggle-name" id="ref-for-toggle-name">name</a>)
or not.</p>
<dt data-md><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-scope">scope</dfn>
<dd data-md>
<p>An enum indicating what sort of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#toggle-scope" id="ref-for-toggle-scope">scope</a> the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#css-toggle" id="ref-for-css-toggle⑤">toggle</a> uses.
It can have two values:</p>
<ul>
<li data-md>
<p><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-wide">"wide"</dfn>, indicating the toggle has <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#toggle-wide-scope" id="ref-for-toggle-wide-scope">wide scope</a> (it’s visible to the element, its descendants,
and its following siblings and their descendants).</p>
<li data-md>
<p><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-narrow">"narrow"</dfn>, indicating the toggle has <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#toggle-narrow-scope" id="ref-for-toggle-narrow-scope">narrow scope</a> (it’s visible to the element and its descendants only).</p>
</ul>
<dt data-md><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-overflow">overflow</dfn>
<dd data-md>
<p>An enum
(either <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-cycle">"cycle"</dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-cycle-on">"cycle-on"</dfn> or <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="toggle, toggle specifier" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="toggle-sticky">"sticky"</dfn>),
specifying how to react when a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#css-toggle-activation" id="ref-for-css-toggle-activation">toggle activation</a> would increment the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#toggle-value" id="ref-for-toggle-value①">value</a> above its maximum
or below its minimum.</p>
<div class="note" role="note">
The precise details are defined in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#change-a-toggle" id="ref-for-change-a-toggle">change a toggle</a>,
but in short:
<ul>
<li data-md>
<p>For <span class="css">cycle</span>,
incrementing past the maximum
resets the value to 0,
and decrementing below 0
resets it to the maximum.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>For <span class="css">cycle-on</span>,
incrementing past the maximum
resets the value to 1,
and decrementing it below 1
resets it to the maximum.</p>
<p>(In other words,
the toggle "stays on"