diff --git a/unified-runtime/source/adapters/level_zero/program.cpp b/unified-runtime/source/adapters/level_zero/program.cpp
index a39274ea9bc1..f3c4b2a512e4 100644
--- a/unified-runtime/source/adapters/level_zero/program.cpp
+++ b/unified-runtime/source/adapters/level_zero/program.cpp
@@ -55,6 +55,26 @@ checkUnresolvedSymbols(ze_module_handle_t ZeModule,
 }
 } // extern "C"
 
+static ur_program_handle_t_::CodeFormat matchILCodeFormat(const void *Input,
+                                                          size_t Length) {
+  const auto MatchMagicNumber = [&](uint32_t Number) {
+    return Length >= sizeof(Number) &&
+           std::memcmp(Input, &Number, sizeof(Number)) == 0;
+  };
+
+  // SPIR-V Specification: 3.1 Magic Number
+  // https://registry.khronos.org/SPIR-V/specs/unified1/SPIRV.html#Magic
+  if (MatchMagicNumber(0x07230203)) {
+    return ur_program_handle_t_::CodeFormat::SPIRV;
+  }
+
+  return ur_program_handle_t_::CodeFormat::Unknown;
+}
+
+static bool isCodeFormatIL(ur_program_handle_t_::CodeFormat CodeFormat) {
+  return CodeFormat == ur_program_handle_t_::CodeFormat::SPIRV;
+}
+
 namespace ur::level_zero {
 
 ur_result_t urProgramCreateWithIL(
@@ -70,9 +90,12 @@ ur_result_t urProgramCreateWithIL(
     ur_program_handle_t *Program) {
   UR_ASSERT(Context, UR_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_NULL_HANDLE);
   UR_ASSERT(IL && Program, UR_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_NULL_POINTER);
+  const ur_program_handle_t_::CodeFormat CodeFormat =
+      matchILCodeFormat(IL, Length);
+  UR_ASSERT(isCodeFormatIL(CodeFormat), UR_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_BINARY);
   try {
-    ur_program_handle_t_ *UrProgram =
-        new ur_program_handle_t_(ur_program_handle_t_::IL, Context, IL, Length);
+    ur_program_handle_t_ *UrProgram = new ur_program_handle_t_(
+        ur_program_handle_t_::IL, Context, IL, Length, CodeFormat);
     *Program = reinterpret_cast<ur_program_handle_t>(UrProgram);
   } catch (const std::bad_alloc &) {
     return UR_RESULT_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY;
@@ -195,9 +218,17 @@ ur_result_t urProgramBuildExp(
     auto Code = hProgram->getCode(ZeDevice);
     UR_ASSERT(Code, UR_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_PROGRAM);
 
-    ZeModuleDesc.format = (State == ur_program_handle_t_::IL)
-                              ? ZE_MODULE_FORMAT_IL_SPIRV
-                              : ZE_MODULE_FORMAT_NATIVE;
+    switch (hProgram->getCodeFormat(ZeDevice)) {
+    case ur_program_handle_t_::CodeFormat::SPIRV:
+      ZeModuleDesc.format = ZE_MODULE_FORMAT_IL_SPIRV;
+      break;
+    case ur_program_handle_t_::CodeFormat::Native:
+      ZeModuleDesc.format = ZE_MODULE_FORMAT_NATIVE;
+      break;
+    default:
+      assert(false && "Unknown code format");
+      return UR_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_PROGRAM;
+    }
     ZeModuleDesc.inputSize = hProgram->getCodeSize(ZeDevice);
     ZeModuleDesc.pInputModule = Code;
     ze_context_handle_t ZeContext = hProgram->Context->getZeHandle();
@@ -364,6 +395,8 @@ ur_result_t urProgramLinkExp(
     // locks simultaneously with "exclusive" access.  However, there is no such
     // code like that, so this is also not a danger.
     std::vector<std::shared_lock<ur_shared_mutex>> Guards(count);
+    const ur_program_handle_t_::CodeFormat CommonCodeFormat =
+        phPrograms[0]->getCodeFormat();
     for (uint32_t I = 0; I < count; I++) {
       std::shared_lock<ur_shared_mutex> Guard(phPrograms[I]->Mutex);
       Guards[I].swap(Guard);
@@ -374,6 +407,13 @@ ur_result_t urProgramLinkExp(
           return UR_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION;
         }
       }
+
+      // The L0 API has no way to represent mixed format modules,
+      // even though it could be possible to implement linking
+      // of mixed format modules.
+      if (phPrograms[I]->getCodeFormat() != CommonCodeFormat) {
+        return UR_RESULT_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE;
+      }
     }
 
     // Previous calls to urProgramCompile did not actually compile the SPIR-V.
@@ -406,7 +446,14 @@ ur_result_t urProgramLinkExp(
 
     ZeStruct<ze_module_desc_t> ZeModuleDesc;
     ZeModuleDesc.pNext = &ZeExtModuleDesc;
-    ZeModuleDesc.format = ZE_MODULE_FORMAT_IL_SPIRV;
+    switch (CommonCodeFormat) {
+    case ur_program_handle_t_::CodeFormat::SPIRV:
+      ZeModuleDesc.format = ZE_MODULE_FORMAT_IL_SPIRV;
+      break;
+    default:
+      assert(false && "Unexpected code format");
+      return UR_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_PROGRAM;
+    }
 
     // This works around a bug in the Level Zero driver.  When "ZE_DEBUG=-1",
     // the driver does validation of the API calls, and it expects
@@ -996,11 +1043,13 @@ ur_result_t urProgramSetSpecializationConstants(
 
 ur_program_handle_t_::ur_program_handle_t_(state St,
                                            ur_context_handle_t Context,
-                                           const void *Input, size_t Length)
+                                           const void *Input, size_t Length,
+                                           CodeFormat CodeFormat)
     : Context{Context}, NativeProperties{nullptr}, OwnZeModule{true},
-      AssociatedDevices(Context->getDevices()), SpirvCode{new uint8_t[Length]},
-      SpirvCodeLength{Length} {
-  std::memcpy(SpirvCode.get(), Input, Length);
+      AssociatedDevices(Context->getDevices()), ILCode{new uint8_t[Length]},
+      ILCodeLength{Length}, ILCodeFormat(CodeFormat) {
+  assert(isCodeFormatIL(CodeFormat));
+  std::memcpy(ILCode.get(), Input, Length);
   // All devices have the program in IL state.
   for (auto &Device : Context->getDevices()) {
     DeviceData &PerDevData = DeviceDataMap[Device->ZeDevice];
diff --git a/unified-runtime/source/adapters/level_zero/program.hpp b/unified-runtime/source/adapters/level_zero/program.hpp
index d3af4ce9ddd0..789daf052ba0 100644
--- a/unified-runtime/source/adapters/level_zero/program.hpp
+++ b/unified-runtime/source/adapters/level_zero/program.hpp
@@ -41,6 +41,12 @@ struct ur_program_handle_t_ : ur_object {
     Invalid
   } state;
 
+  enum class CodeFormat : uint8_t {
+    Native,
+    SPIRV,
+    Unknown,
+  };
+
   // A utility class that converts specialization constants into the form
   // required by the Level Zero driver.
   class SpecConstantShim {
@@ -68,7 +74,7 @@ struct ur_program_handle_t_ : ur_object {
 
   // Construct a program in IL.
   ur_program_handle_t_(state St, ur_context_handle_t Context, const void *Input,
-                       size_t Length);
+                       size_t Length, CodeFormat Format);
 
   // Construct a program in NATIVE for multiple devices.
   ur_program_handle_t_(state St, ur_context_handle_t Context,
@@ -113,28 +119,42 @@ struct ur_program_handle_t_ : ur_object {
     return DeviceDataMap[ZeDevice].ZeModule;
   }
 
+  CodeFormat getCodeFormat(ze_device_handle_t ZeDevice = nullptr) const {
+    if (!ZeDevice)
+      return ILCodeFormat;
+
+    auto It = DeviceDataMap.find(ZeDevice);
+    if (It == DeviceDataMap.end())
+      return ILCodeFormat;
+
+    if (It->second.State == state::IL)
+      return ILCodeFormat;
+    else
+      return CodeFormat::Native;
+  }
+
   uint8_t *getCode(ze_device_handle_t ZeDevice = nullptr) {
     if (!ZeDevice)
-      return SpirvCode.get();
+      return ILCode.get();
 
     if (DeviceDataMap.find(ZeDevice) == DeviceDataMap.end())
       return nullptr;
 
     if (DeviceDataMap[ZeDevice].State == state::IL)
-      return SpirvCode.get();
+      return ILCode.get();
     else
       return DeviceDataMap[ZeDevice].Binary.first.get();
   }
 
   size_t getCodeSize(ze_device_handle_t ZeDevice = nullptr) {
     if (ZeDevice == nullptr)
-      return SpirvCodeLength;
+      return ILCodeLength;
 
     if (DeviceDataMap.find(ZeDevice) == DeviceDataMap.end())
       return 0;
 
     if (DeviceDataMap[ZeDevice].State == state::IL)
-      return SpirvCodeLength;
+      return ILCodeLength;
     else
       return DeviceDataMap[ZeDevice].Binary.second;
   }
@@ -233,8 +253,9 @@ struct ur_program_handle_t_ : ur_object {
 
   // In IL and Object states, this contains the SPIR-V representation of the
   // module.
-  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> SpirvCode; // Array containing raw IL code.
-  size_t SpirvCodeLength = 0;           // Size (bytes) of the array.
+  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> ILCode; // Array containing raw IL code.
+  size_t ILCodeLength = 0;           // Size (bytes) of the array.
+  CodeFormat ILCodeFormat = CodeFormat::Unknown; // Format of the IL code.
 
   // The Level Zero module handle for interoperability.
   // This module handle is either initialized with the handle provided to