LaMEM_course Heidelberg (17-21-25)

Set of input scripts to readily learn how to create more complex input setup for [email protected] (https://github.com/JuliaGeodynamics/LaMEM.jl)

Report

Individual report: 3 pages of text max (figures not included)

• Scientific questions: What are you trying to answer/solve? Why this model setup? How can the model setup can help solve the questions? What are the parameters that need to be investigated?
• Modelling approach: Model setup, geometry, boundary conditions (top, bottom, etc), thermal and mechanical material properties and investigated parameters.
• Modelling results: Describe modelling results, including figures produced using paraview.
• Discussion/perspectives: What did you learn? What are the limitations? How can it be improved? What would be the next step? How do the models compare to a real/natural case?

Important

For the figures make sure you have the axis properly labelled, provide colorbar and caption for all fields and contour/glyphs. Annotate time (CTRL+SPACE Annotate time) Explore the control of 1 or 2 parameters Hand-over March 29th - 2024 Attach the Julia script to your report (send per mail)

Explored setups

Day 1

Falling blocks 3D	Falling block 2D

Day 2

Falling block - free surface 2D	Plume emplacement - stagnant LID 2D

Day 3

Folding 2D	Rifting 2D

Day 4

Subduction 2D	Landscape Modelling

Tools and tipds

Introduction for Julia programming language

Julia_introduction/IntroJulia.md

Density diagrams for general rock-types

phase_diagrams_4_LaMEM/

create gif from *.png

sudo apt-get install imagemagick
convert -delay 2 -loop 0 *.png 01.gif  -scale 584x626 gif_name.gif

LaMEM creep laws list

Diffusion creep:

[Hirth, G. & Kohlstedt (2003), D. Rheology of the upper mantle and the mantle wedge: A view from the experimentalists]

• "Dry_Olivine_diff_creep-Hirth_Kohlstedt_2003"
• "Wet_Olivine_diff_creep-Hirth_Kohlstedt_2003_constant_C_OH"
• "Wet_Olivine_diff_creep-Hirth_Kohlstedt_2003"

[Rybacki and Dresen, 2000, JGR]

• "Dry_Plagioclase_RybackiDresen_2000"
• "Wet_Plagioclase_RybackiDresen_2000"

Dislocation creep:

[Ranalli 1995]

• "Dry_Olivine-Ranalli_1995"
• "Wet_Olivine-Ranalli_1995"
• "Wet_Quarzite-Ranalli_1995"
• "Quarzite-Ranalli_1995"
• "Mafic_Granulite-Ranalli_1995"
• "Plagioclase_An75-Ranalli_1995"

[Carter and Tsenn (1986). Flow properties of continental lithosphere - page 18]

• "Quartz_Diorite-Hansen_Carter_1982"

[J. de Bremond d'Ars et al./Tectonophysics (1999). Hydrothermalism and Diapirism in the Archaean: gravitational instability constrains. - page 5]

• "Diabase-Caristan_1982"
• "Tumut_Pond_Serpentinite-Raleigh_Paterson_1965"

[Mackwell, Zimmerman & Kohlstedt (1998). High-temperature deformation]

• "Maryland_strong_diabase-Mackwell_et_al_1998"

[Ueda et al (PEPI 2008)]

• "Wet_Quarzite-Ueda_et_al_2008"

[Huismans et al 2001]

• "Diabase-Huismans_et_al_2001"
• "Granite-Huismans_et_al_2001"

[Burg And Podladchikov (1999)]

• "Dry_Upper_Crust-Schmalholz_Kaus_Burg_2009"
• "Weak_Lower_Crust-Schmalholz_Kaus_Burg_2009"
• "Olivine-Burg_Podladchikov_1999"

[Rybacki and Dresen, 2000, JGR]

• "Dry_Plagioclase_RybackiDresen_2000"
• "Wet_Plagioclase_RybackiDresen_2000"

[Hirth, G. & Kohlstedt (2003), D. Rheology of the upper mantle and the mantle wedge: A view from the experimentalists]

• "Wet_Olivine_disl_creep-Hirth_Kohlstedt_2003"
• "Wet_Olivine_disl_creep-Hirth_Kohlstedt_2003_constant_C_OH"
• "Dry_Olivine_disl_creep-Hirth_Kohlstedt_2003"

[SchmalholzKausBurg(2009), Geology (wet olivine)]

• "Wet_Upper_Mantle-Burg_Schmalholz_2008"
• "Granite-Tirel_et_al_2008"

[Urai et al.(2008)]

• "Ara_rocksalt-Urai_et_al.(2008)"

[Bräuer et al. (2011) Description of the Gorleben site (PART 4): Geotechnical exploration of the Gorleben salt dome - page 126]

• "RockSaltReference_BGRa_class3-Braeumer_et_al_2011"

[Mueller and Briegel (1978)]

• "Polycrystalline_Anhydrite-Mueller_and_Briegel(1978)"

Peierls creep:

[Guyot and Dorn (1967) and Poirier (1985)]

• "Olivine_Peierls-Kameyama_1999"

Velocity box

The code snipped shows how to add a velocity box to a LaMEM model.

vel_box = VelocityBox(      cenX     =   1.0,  # X-coordinate of center of box
                            cenY     =   1.0,  # Y-coordinate of center of box
                            cenZ     =   1.0,  # Z-coordinate of center of box
                            widthX   =   1.0,  # Width of box in x-direction
                            widthY   =   2.0,  # Width of box in y-direction
                            widthZ   =   0.1,  # Width of box in z-direction
                            vx       =   1.0,  # Vx velocity of box (default is unconstrained)
                            vy       =   0.0,  # Vy velocity of box (default is unconstrained)
                            vz       =   0.0,  # Vz velocity of box (default is unconstrained) 
                            advect   =   0)    # box advection flag

add_vbox!(model, vel_box)

Inflow - outflow boundary conditions (left-right walls)

Simple example on how to set in flow/outflow boundary conditions on left and right walls for the lithosphere

model.BoundaryConditions = BoundaryConditions(  bvel_face                 =         "Left",                         # Face identifier  (Left; Right; Front; Back; CompensatingInflow)
                                                bvel_face_out             =         1,                            # Velocity on opposite side: -1 for inverted velocity; 0 for no velocity; 1 for the same direction of velocity
                                                bvel_bot                  =        -100.0,                         # bottom coordinate of inflow window
                                                bvel_top                  =        0.0,                         # top coordinate of inflow window
                                                bvel_velin                =         1.0,              # inflow velocity for each time interval(Multiple values required if  velin_num_periods>1)
                                                bvel_velout               =         1.0)                         # outflow velocity (if not specified, computed from mass balance)

Add topography to LaMEM

Example showing how to load Askja volcano topography to LaMEM

Topo = import_topo( lat=[64.55,65.55],
                    lon=[-18.0+360,-15.6+360],
                    file="@earth_relief_15s.grd")

# choose projection point (center usually)                       
proj = ProjectionPoint( Lon     = -16.8,
                        Lat     =  65.05);

Topo_cart = convert2CartData(Topo, proj)

# Create a grid to be saved
Topo_LaMEM = CartData(xyz_grid(-20:.2:20,
                            -20:.2:20,
                            0         )); 

Topo_LaMEM = project_CartData(   Topo_LaMEM,
                                Topo, 
                                proj    )

Add ridge to add_box!

add_box!(model;  xlim    = (-2000.0, 0.0), 
                ylim    = (model.Grid.coord_y...,), 
                zlim    = (-660.0, 0.0),
                Origin  = nothing, StrikeAngle=0, DipAngle=0,
                phase   = LithosphericPhases(Layers=[20 80], Phases=[1 2 0] ),
                T       = SpreadingRateTemp(    Tsurface    = Tair,
                                                Tmantle     = Tmantle,
                                                MORside     = "left",
                                                SpreadingVel= 0.5,
                                                AgeRidge    = 0.01;
                                                maxAge      = 80.0      ) )

Add fixed temperature box

T_box = PhaseTransition(
    ID                      =   0,                                  # Phase_transition law ID
    Type                    =   "Box",                              # A box-like region
    PTBox_Bounds            =   [1980 ,2000, -4, 4, -160, 0.0],     # box bound coordinates: [left, right, front, back, bottom, top]
    BoxVicinity 			=	1,								    # 1: only check particles in the vicinity of the box boundaries (*2 in all directions)
    
    number_phases           =   1,
    PhaseInside             =   -1,                                 # Phase within the box  [use -1 if you don't want to change the phase inside the box]
    PhaseOutside            =   -1,                                 # Phase outside the box [use -1 if you don't want to change the phase outside the box. If combined with OutsideToInside, all phases that come in are set to PhaseInside]
    PhaseDirection          =   "BothWays",                         # [BothWays=default; OutsideToInside; InsideToOutside]

    PTBox_TempType          =   "linear",                           # Temperature condition witin the box [none, constant, linear, halfspace]
    PTBox_topTemp           =   20,                                 # Temp @ top of box [for linear & halfspace]
    PTBox_botTemp           =   1280,                               # Temp @ bottom of box [for linear & halfspace]
    
    PTBox_thermalAge        =   120,                                # Thermal age, usually in geo-units [Myrs] [only in case of halfspace]
    PTBox_cstTemp          	=   1200,                               # Temp within box [only for constant T]
)

add_phasetransition!(model, T_box)