Rewrite single chain joins to scan on materialized view if possible

[ullingerc]

This change introduces the first part of infrastructure for rewriting joins to scans on materialized views. Additionally, a first implementation for rewriting simple chains (as in ?s <p1>/<p2> ?o) is included.

Depends on #2639 and #2653

Example:

Write and load the view for geo;hasGeometry/geo:asWKT:

qlever materialized-view geometries "PREFIX geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#> SELECT * { ?s geo:hasGeometry ?m . ?m geo:asWKT ?wkt }" # use ?m instead of property path, because we are missing the intermediate variable otherwise
curl 'localhost:PORT?cmd=load-materialized-view&view-name=geometries&access-token=TOKEN'

Then use it implicitly in queries: With variable subject:

PREFIX geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#>
PREFIX osmkey: <https://www.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Key:>
SELECT * {
  ?osm osmkey:railway "rail" .
  ?osm geo:hasGeometry/geo:asWKT ?geometry .
}

or with fixed subject:

PREFIX geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#>
PREFIX osmrel: <https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/>
SELECT * {
  osmrel:9407 geo:hasGeometry/geo:asWKT ?geometry .
}

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 86.59794% with 39 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 91.56%. Comparing base (cca3768) to head (6a8f219).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/engine/MaterializedViewsQueryAnalysis.cpp	76.15%	13 Missing and 18 partials ⚠️
src/parser/GraphPatternAnalysis.cpp	55.55%	3 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
src/engine/QueryPlanner.cpp	96.62%	1 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
src/engine/MaterializedViewsQueryAnalysis.h	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #2649      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   91.60%   91.56%   -0.05%     
==========================================
  Files         483      489       +6     
  Lines       41360    41626     +266     
  Branches     5493     5549      +56     
==========================================
+ Hits        37886    38113     +227     
- Misses       1897     1913      +16     
- Partials     1577     1600      +23     

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[joka921]

A first round, but unfortunately only for the stuff in parser and util.
For the sake of progress, I would suggest splitting these + their unit tests to a separate PR, s.t. we can make this one smaller, and get incremental progress.

[joka921]

I understand now, but really can't parse the name still, maybe we come up with something... :)

[sparql-conformance]

Overview

Number of Tests	Passed ✅	Intended ✅	Failed ❌	Not tested
547	450	73	24	0

Conformance check passed ✅

No test result changes.

Details: https://qlever.dev/sparql-conformance-ui?cur=6a8f2192814be1a5c2dae1f7a724bf23cd989a03&prev=cca37689eb8be289bc51bcb675030d05dd10f671

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
19 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud