Adblock Plus infrastructure

The Adblock Plus infrastructure uses Puppet to set up servers, and to have a realistic development environment.

Our Puppet manifests are only tested with Ubuntu 12.04 right now.

Environment specific setup

Some infrastructure parts are specific to the environment (such as e.g. development, test and production) whilst passwords, for example, are confidential. In order to allow for such specific configuration, the repository requires a set of manual operations during the initial setup:

modules/private

The private module is destined to store confidential information such as RSA keys, htpasswd files and so on. The repository provides a private-stub module containing defaults suitable for development and testing purposes. One can create a symbolic link to start using the resource:

UNIX-like

ln -s private-stub modules/private

Windows

MKLINK /D modules\private private-stub

When creating a custom version, one may inspect the modules/private-stub directory to determine which resources have to be provided.

Development environment

As with our other projects, all changes to our infrastructure should be made in a local development environment, and reviewed before deployment. Thanks to Puppet, we can easily set up local VMs that mirror our production environment.

The most convenient way to do this is to use Vagrant, as described below.

Git users on Windows may experience issues caused by automatic line ending conversion if the git option core.autocrlf is set to true. It is therefore recommended to set this option to false or input, e.g. by running git config --global core.autocrlf false.

Requirements

• Vagrant
• a provider of Vagrant virtual machines, such as: ** libvirt ** VirtualBox
• modules/private exists (see above)

Prepare Vagrant

If you use VirtualBox, make sure the VMs use Vagrant box templates that support the VirtualBox shared folder method.

If you use libvirt, make sure you have an NFS server as the shared folder method.

Start a VM

For each production server, we have a Vagrant VM with the same host name.

To start the filter1 VM:

vagrant up filter1

After you've made changes to Puppet manifests, you can update it like this:

vagrant provision filter1

You can omit the VM name if you want to boot or provision all VMs. This might take a while and eat quite a bit of RAM though.

SSH to the server

You can use vagrant to connect as the vagrant user:

vagrant ssh server5

If you want to test "real" SSH access you can use the test user account defined in private-stub:

ssh -i modules/private/files/id_rsa [email protected]

The default password for this user (required for the sudo command) is "test".

Adding a host

To set up a new host, extend the custom hiera/private/host.yaml by another servers: item, e.g.:

# ...
custom1:
    ip: [10.8.0.254]
    dns: foobar.example.com
    ssh_public_key: AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAA...
    role: codereviewserver

See modules/base/manifests/init.pp, especially the definition of the named type explicit_host_record() within class base, for more information on the possible option keys and values.

In development, this is all that needs to be done before the new box can be started using vagrant up .... Production servers, however, need a working Puppet configuration first (see below).

Configuring Puppet

Prerequisites

1. Install Debian Jessie

2. Install necessary packages (as root or with sudo):

   apt update apt install puppet apt-transport-https

3. Modify /etc/puppet/puppet.conf as follows:

   [main] ... pluginsync=true ... [agent] server = puppetmaster.adblockplus.org

Now you can either set it up as a pure agent or as a master. The master provides the configuration, agents fetch it from the master and apply it locally. The master is also an agent, fetching configuration from itself.

Ubuntu variation (legacy setup)

Like with debian, but the first two steps as follows:

1. Install Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS
2. Run hiera/install_precise.py as user root to install Puppet and Hiera

Puppet agent

1. Attempt an initial provisioning, this will fail

   puppet agent --test

2. On the master: List the certificates to get the name of the new agent's certificate

   puppet cert list

3. Still on the master: Sign the certificate, e.g. for serverx:

   puppet cert sign serverx

4. Back on the agent: Attempt another provisioning, it should work now

   puppet agent --test

Puppet master

1. Configure the certificate name (Add the following to the master section in /etc/puppet/puppet.conf)

   certname = puppetmaster.adblockplus.org

2. Install the required packages

   apt-get install puppetmaster mercurial

3. Clone the infrastructure repository

   hg clone https://hg.adblockplus.org/infrastructure /etc/puppet/infrastructure rmdir /etc/puppet/{modules,manifests,templates} ln -s /etc/puppet/infrastructure/manifests /etc/puppet/manifests ln -s /etc/puppet/infrastructure/modules /etc/puppet/modules

4. Make sure to put the private files in place (see above)

5. Provision the master itself

   puppet agent --test

Updating a production server

Puppet agent has to be rerun on the servers whenever their configuration is changed. The kick.py script automates and simplifies that task, e.g. the following will provision all servers (requires Puppet and PyYAML):

kick.py -u serveradmin all

Here serveradmin is your user account on the servers, it will be used to run Puppet on the servers via SSH (sudo privilege required). You can list any host groups defined in manifests/monitoringserver.pp or individual servers. You can also use -v flag to see verbose Puppet output or -t flag to do a dry run without changing anything.

Monitoring

Monitoring is fully functional in any environment, including development. Here, after bootstrapping the server4 box, one can access the Nagios GUI from the host machine via https://nagiosadmin:[email protected]/.

The monitoring service of our production environment, however, is accessible via https://monitoring.adblockplus.org/. Add yourself to files/nagios-htpasswd in the private module used on the server, or have someone add you if you don't have access.