Setting up Git configurations

Command	Description
git config --global user.name "Your Name"	Sets the name that will be attached to your commits and tags.
git config --global user.email "[email protected]"	Sets the email address that will be attached to your commits and tags.
git config user.name	Checking the configured user name
git config user.email	Checking the configured user email
git config --list	Lists all the Git configuration settings.

Getting & Creating Projects

Command	Description
mkdir my_repo	Creating a new directory for the repository
cd my_repo	Navigating into the directory
git init	Initializing a new Git repository
git clone <remote_url>	Cloning a repository from a remote URL
git clone ssh://[email protected]/[username]/[repository-name].git	Create a local copy of a remote repository

Checkout

Command	Description
git checkout <branch>	Switches to a different branch.
git checkout <commit>	Moves to a specific commit in "detached HEAD" state.
git checkout -- <file>	Discards changes in the working directory for a specific file.

Reverting

Command	Description
git revert <commit>	Purpose: Used to create a new commit that undoes the changes made by a specific commit.

Resetting

Command	Description
git reset --soft <commit>	Moves the HEAD and branch pointer to a specific commit, keeping changes staged.
git reset --mixed <commit>	Moves the HEAD and branch pointer to a specific commit, unstaging changes.
git reset --hard <commit>	Moves the HEAD and branch pointer to a specific commit, discarding changes in the working directory.

Basic Snapshotting

Command	Description
git status	Check status
git add [file-name.txt]	Add a file to the staging area
git add .	Add all new and changed files to the staging area
git commit -m "[commit message]"	Commit changes
git commit --amend -m "[commit message]"	Change a commit with a message
git rm -r [file-name.txt]	Remove a file (or folder)
git rm --cached <file-name>	Removing a file from the staging area
git reset <file-name>	Resetting changes of a file in the working directory to the last committed state

Branching & Merging

Command	Description
git branch	List branches (the asterisk denotes the current branch)
git branch -a	List all branches (local and remote)
git branch [branch name]	Create a new branch
git branch -d [branch name]	Delete a branch
git push origin --delete [branch name]	Delete a remote branch
git checkout -b [branch name]	Create a new branch and switch to it
git checkout -b [branch name] origin/[branch name]	Clone a remote branch and switch to it
git branch -m [old branch name] [new branch name]	Rename a local branch
git checkout [branch name]	Switch to a branch
git checkout -	Switch to the branch last checked out
git checkout -- [file-name.txt]	Discard changes to a file
git merge [branch name]	Merge a branch into the active branch
git merge [source branch] [target branch]	Merge a branch into a target branch
git stash	Stash changes in a dirty working directory
git stash clear	Remove all stashed entries

Sharing & Updating Projects

Command	Description
git push origin [branch name]	Push a branch to your remote repository
git push -u origin [branch name]	Push changes to remote repository (and remember the branch)
git push	Push changes to remote repository (remembered branch)
git push origin --delete [branch name]	Delete a remote branch
git pull	Update local repository to the newest commit
git pull origin [branch name]	Pull changes from remote repository
git remote add origin ssh://[email protected]/[username]/[repository-name].git	Add a remote repository
git remote set-url origin ssh://[email protected]/[username]/[repository-name].git	Set a repository's origin branch to SSH

Inspection & Comparison

Command	Description
git log	View changes
git log --summary	View changes (detailed)
git log --oneline	View changes (briefly)
git diff [source branch] [target branch]	Preview changes before merging