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Add support for async callables in PythonOperator #60268

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c373aa4
refactor: Only allow async operators on Airflow 3.2 or higher as it d…
dabla Jan 8, 2026
3018208
Merge branch 'main' into feature/async-python-operator
dabla Jan 9, 2026
d3167e4
Merge branch 'main' into feature/async-python-operator
dabla Jan 9, 2026
92eccb3
Merge branch 'main' into feature/async-python-operator
dabla Jan 9, 2026
cdecb12
Update providers/common/compat/src/airflow/providers/common/compat/st…
dabla Jan 10, 2026
f829c3e
Update providers/common/compat/src/airflow/providers/common/compat/st…
dabla Jan 10, 2026
1e522ff
refactor: Reformatted operator module
davidblain-infrabel Jan 11, 2026
d2b0504
refactor: Moved unit test for is_async_callable to task-sdk
davidblain-infrabel Jan 11, 2026
9161b44
refactor: Removed duplicate wrong placed docstring regarding async ca…
davidblain-infrabel Jan 11, 2026
0cf923d
Merge branch 'main' into feature/async-python-operator
dabla Jan 11, 2026
779f85e
refactor: Removed white line at end of test
davidblain-infrabel Jan 11, 2026
a30be78
refactor: Fixed assertion of raise exception should be RuntimeError i…
davidblain-infrabel Jan 11, 2026
bc73b92
docs: Added versionadded to Async Python functions paragraph
dabla Jan 13, 2026
dcb5ba8
docs: Added news fragment
dabla Jan 13, 2026
94c11c3
Merge branch 'main' into feature/async-python-operator
dabla Jan 13, 2026
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3 changes: 3 additions & 0 deletions airflow-core/newsfragments/60268.improvement.rst
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
The ``PythonOperator`` parameter ``python_callable`` now also supports async callables.

``PythonOperator`` now supports async callables in Airflow 3.2, allowing users to run async def functions without manually managing an event loop.
4 changes: 1 addition & 3 deletions airflow-core/src/airflow/jobs/triggerer_job_runner.py
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -780,8 +780,6 @@ class TriggerCommsDecoder(CommsDecoder[ToTriggerRunner, ToTriggerSupervisor]):
factory=lambda: TypeAdapter(ToTriggerRunner), repr=False
)

_lock: asyncio.Lock = attrs.field(factory=asyncio.Lock, repr=False)

def _read_frame(self):
from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -816,7 +814,7 @@ async def asend(self, msg: ToTriggerSupervisor) -> ToTriggerRunner | None:
frame = _RequestFrame(id=next(self.id_counter), body=msg.model_dump())
bytes = frame.as_bytes()

async with self._lock:
async with self._async_lock:
self._async_writer.write(bytes)

return await self._aget_response(frame.id)
Expand Down
58 changes: 29 additions & 29 deletions airflow-core/tests/unit/api_fastapi/core_api/routes/public/test_task_instances.py
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200(self, test_client, session):
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200_with_task_state_in_deferred(self, test_client, sessi
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200_with_task_state_in_removed(self, test_client, sessio
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200_task_instance_with_rendered(self, test_client, sessi
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200_mapped_task_instance_with_rtif(self, test_client, se
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1408,7 +1408,7 @@ class TestGetTaskInstances(TestTaskInstanceEndpoint):
False,
"/dags/~/dagRuns/~/taskInstances",
{"dag_id_pattern": "example_python_operator"},
9, # Based on test failure - example_python_operator creates 9 task instances
14, # Based on test failure - example_python_operator creates 14 task instances
3,
id="test dag_id_pattern exact match",
),
Expand All @@ -1417,7 +1417,7 @@ class TestGetTaskInstances(TestTaskInstanceEndpoint):
False,
"/dags/~/dagRuns/~/taskInstances",
{"dag_id_pattern": "example_%"},
17, # Based on test failure - both DAGs together create 17 task instances
22, # Based on test failure - both DAGs together create 22 task instances
3,
id="test dag_id_pattern wildcard prefix",
),
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1931,8 +1931,8 @@ def test_should_respond_200_when_task_instance_properties_are_none(
[
pytest.param(
{"dag_ids": ["example_python_operator", "example_skip_dag"]},
17,
17,
22,
22,
id="with dag filter",
),
],
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2041,7 +2041,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200_for_pagination(self, test_client, session):
assert len(response_batch2.json()["task_instances"]) > 0

# Match
ti_count = 9
ti_count = 10
assert response_batch1.json()["total_entries"] == response_batch2.json()["total_entries"] == ti_count
assert (num_entries_batch1 + num_entries_batch2) == ti_count
assert response_batch1 != response_batch2
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2080,7 +2080,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200(self, test_client, session):
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2127,7 +2127,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200_with_different_try_numbers(self, test_client, try_nu
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2205,7 +2205,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200_with_mapped_task_at_different_try_numbers(
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2278,7 +2278,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200_with_task_state_in_deferred(self, test_client, sessi
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2326,7 +2326,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200_with_task_state_in_removed(self, test_client, sessio
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3243,7 +3243,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200_with_dag_run_id(
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3615,7 +3615,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200(self, test_client, session):
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3653,7 +3653,7 @@ def test_should_respond_200(self, test_client, session):
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3801,7 +3801,7 @@ def test_ti_in_retry_state_not_returned(self, test_client, session):
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3885,7 +3885,7 @@ def test_mapped_task_should_respond_200(self, test_client, session):
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3923,7 +3923,7 @@ def test_mapped_task_should_respond_200(self, test_client, session):
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -4165,7 +4165,7 @@ def test_should_call_mocked_api(self, mock_set_ti_state, test_client, session):
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -4439,7 +4439,7 @@ def test_should_raise_422_for_invalid_task_instance_state(self, payload, expecte
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -4573,7 +4573,7 @@ def test_update_mask_set_note_should_respond_200(
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -4634,7 +4634,7 @@ def test_set_note_should_respond_200(self, test_client, session):
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -4713,7 +4713,7 @@ def test_set_note_should_respond_200_mapped_task_with_rtif(self, test_client, se
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -4794,7 +4794,7 @@ def test_set_note_should_respond_200_mapped_task_summary_with_rtif(self, test_cl
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -4912,7 +4912,7 @@ def test_should_call_mocked_api(self, mock_set_ti_state, test_client, session):
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -5198,7 +5198,7 @@ def test_should_raise_422_for_invalid_task_instance_state(self, payload, expecte
"pid": 100,
"pool": "default_pool",
"pool_slots": 1,
"priority_weight": 9,
"priority_weight": 14,
"queue": "default_queue",
"queued_when": None,
"scheduled_when": None,
Expand Down
56 changes: 56 additions & 0 deletions providers/common/compat/src/airflow/providers/common/compat/standard/operators.py
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Expand Up @@ -17,18 +17,74 @@

from __future__ import annotations

from typing import TYPE_CHECKING

from airflow.providers.common.compat._compat_utils import create_module_getattr
from airflow.providers.common.compat.version_compat import (
AIRFLOW_V_3_0_PLUS,
AIRFLOW_V_3_1_PLUS,
AIRFLOW_V_3_2_PLUS,
)

_IMPORT_MAP: dict[str, str | tuple[str, ...]] = {
# Re-export from sdk (which handles Airflow 2.x/3.x fallbacks)
"BaseOperator": "airflow.providers.common.compat.sdk",
"BaseAsyncOperator": "airflow.providers.common.compat.sdk",
"get_current_context": "airflow.providers.common.compat.sdk",
"is_async_callable": "airflow.providers.common.compat.sdk",
# Standard provider items with direct fallbacks
"PythonOperator": ("airflow.providers.standard.operators.python", "airflow.operators.python"),
"ShortCircuitOperator": ("airflow.providers.standard.operators.python", "airflow.operators.python"),
"_SERIALIZERS": ("airflow.providers.standard.operators.python", "airflow.operators.python"),
}

if TYPE_CHECKING:
from airflow.sdk.bases.decorator import is_async_callable
from airflow.sdk.bases.operator import BaseAsyncOperator
elif AIRFLOW_V_3_2_PLUS:
from airflow.sdk.bases.decorator import is_async_callable
from airflow.sdk.bases.operator import BaseAsyncOperator
else:
if AIRFLOW_V_3_0_PLUS:
from airflow.sdk import BaseOperator
else:
from airflow.models import BaseOperator

def is_async_callable(func) -> bool:
"""Detect if a callable is an async function."""
import inspect
from functools import partial

while isinstance(func, partial):
func = func.func
return inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func)

class BaseAsyncOperator(BaseOperator):
"""Stub for Airflow < 3.2 that raises a clear error."""

@property
def is_async(self) -> bool:
return True

if not AIRFLOW_V_3_1_PLUS:

@property
def xcom_push(self) -> bool:
return self.do_xcom_push

@xcom_push.setter
def xcom_push(self, value: bool):
self.do_xcom_push = value

async def aexecute(self, context):
raise NotImplementedError()

def execute(self, context):
raise RuntimeError(
"Async operators require Airflow 3.2+. Upgrade Airflow or use a synchronous callable."
)


__getattr__ = create_module_getattr(import_map=_IMPORT_MAP)

__all__ = sorted(_IMPORT_MAP.keys())
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions providers/common/compat/src/airflow/providers/common/compat/version_compat.py
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Expand Up @@ -34,11 +34,13 @@ def get_base_airflow_version_tuple() -> tuple[int, int, int]:

AIRFLOW_V_3_0_PLUS: bool = get_base_airflow_version_tuple() >= (3, 0, 0)
AIRFLOW_V_3_1_PLUS: bool = get_base_airflow_version_tuple() >= (3, 1, 0)
AIRFLOW_V_3_2_PLUS: bool = get_base_airflow_version_tuple() >= (3, 2, 0)

# BaseOperator removed from version_compat to avoid circular imports
# Import it directly in files that need it instead

__all__ = [
"AIRFLOW_V_3_0_PLUS",
"AIRFLOW_V_3_1_PLUS",
"AIRFLOW_V_3_2_PLUS",
]
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