GH-45902: [Python][Parquet] Expose ParquetWriter properties and arrow_properties

[SoundBot]

Rationale for this change

Exposes ParquetWriter properties via writer.properties and writer.arrow_properties
(see #45902)

What changes are included in this PR?

See above

Are these changes tested?

Yes

Are there any user-facing changes?

Yes, properties are available via writer.properties and writer.arrow_properties

• GitHub Issue: [Python][Parquet] Expose ParquetWriter properties and arrow_properties #45902

[github-actions]

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See also:

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• Contribution Guidelines - Contributing Overview

[github-actions]

⚠️ GitHub issue #45902 has been automatically assigned in GitHub to PR creator.

[AlenkaF]

Thanks for submitting a PR!
From a quick look the test needs a @pytest.mark.pandas mark and some style changes are needed to fix linter errors:

diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/writer.cc b/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/writer.cc
index 3724e2edf0..cdaeebc294 100644
--- a/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/writer.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/writer.cc
@@ -473,7 +473,9 @@ class FileWriterImpl : public FileWriter {
 
   const WriterProperties& properties() const override { return *writer_->properties(); }
 
-  const ArrowWriterProperties& arrow_properties() const override { return *arrow_properties_; }
+  const ArrowWriterProperties& arrow_properties() const override {
+    return *arrow_properties_;
+  }
 
   ::arrow::MemoryPool* memory_pool() const override {
     return column_write_context_.memory_pool;
diff --git a/python/pyarrow/_parquet.pyx b/python/pyarrow/_parquet.pyx
index f1287d7b8a..6f3b9a5f[43](https://github.com/apache/arrow/actions/runs/16257450496/job/45897414651?pr=47087#step:5:44) 100644
--- a/python/pyarrow/_parquet.pyx
+++ b/python/pyarrow/_parquet.pyx
@@ -2458,7 +2458,6 @@ cdef class WriterPropertiesWrapper(_Weakrefable):
         return self.props.default_column_properties().statistics_enabled()
 
 
-
 cdef class ArrowWriterPropertiesWrapper(_Weakrefable):
     cdef:
         shared_ptr[ArrowWriterProperties] props

I will have a look at the proposed code shortly.

[SoundBot]

@AlenkaF thank you, I added @pytest.mark.pandas and ran pre-commit run --all-files