Join through association

[camposandro]

The association tables may need to be repartitioned such that its pixels are different from the inner alignment between the primary and the join catalogs. If that's the case we need to recompute the alignment for the join.

This PR adds some logic to do that: align_catalog_with_association first aligns the primary catalog with the association catalog and then it aligns the result to the join catalog to obtain the pixels that need to be joined between the three.

This is a step toward #795. However, I am looking for feedback since this solution will introduce new assoc_Norder and assoc_Npix columns in the partition join info (apart from the already existing Norder, Npix and join_Norder, join_Npix).

[github-actions]

Before [279b559]	After [80cd734]	Ratio	Benchmark (Parameter)
13.7±0.3ms	14.1±0.2ms	1.03	benchmarks.time_box_filter_on_partition
6.39±0.03s	6.49±0.05s	1.02	benchmarks.time_create_large_catalog
956±6ms	972±9ms	1.02	benchmarks.time_create_midsize_catalog
86.6±1ms	86.0±0.7ms	0.99	benchmarks.time_kdtree_crossmatch
28.9±0.6ms	28.5±0.6ms	0.99	benchmarks.time_polygon_search

Click here to view all benchmarks.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 93.75000% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 97.38%. Comparing base (352a742) to head (2e4c871).
Report is 11 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/lsdb/dask/merge_catalog_functions.py	92.30%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #811      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   97.44%   97.38%   -0.06%     
==========================================
  Files          54       54              
  Lines        2463     2490      +27     
==========================================
+ Hits         2400     2425      +25     
- Misses         63       65       +2     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.