Amazon EKS Custom AMIs

This repository contains Packer configurations to create custom AMIs based on the Amazon EKS optimized AMI. The Amazon EKS Optimized AMI remains the preferred way to deploy containers on Amazon EKS. The configurations provided in this project are intended to help support scenarios where further control and customization is required on EKS AMIs.

Support & Feedback

This project is maintained by AWS Solution Architects and Consultants. It is not part of an AWS service and best-effort support is provided by the maintainers. To post feedback, submit feature ideas, or report bugs, please use the Issues section of this repo. If you are interested in contributing, please see the Contribution guide.

Scripts and artifacts created by this repository do not guarantee compliance. It is up to users to review and validate for their individual use cases.

Supported Distributions & Configurations

The following AMI distributions and configuration are supported by this repository.

Distribution	Configuration	Architecture	Variable File	Available
EKS AL2	CIS Benchmark	amd64	al2_amd64.pkrvars.hcl	✅
EKS AL2	CIS Benchmark	arm64	al2_arm64.pkrvars.hcl	✅
EKS AL2	NVIDIA GPU	amd64	al2_amd64_gpu.pkrvars.hcl	✅

Prerequisites

• Packer v1.7+ - installation instructions

Build an AMI

Users will need to have a default VPC in the region where the AMI will be created, or provide a subnet ID via the subnet_id variable. The remaining variables are optional and can be modified to suit; either through the appropriate *.pkrvars.hcl file or by passing via -var 'key=value' on the Packer CLI. See the variables.pkr.hcl file for variables that are available for customization.

First, initialize the project:

packer init -upgrade .

To build an amd64 based architecture AMI:

packer build -var-file=al2_amd64.pkrvars.hcl -var 'subnet_id=subnet-01abc23' .

To build an arm64 based architecture AMI:

packer build -var-file=al2_arm64.pkrvars.hcl -var 'subnet_id=subnet-01abc23' .

Use AMI

The AMI can be used with self-managed node groups and EKS managed node groups within EKS. The AMIs built in this repository use the same bootstrap script used in the EKS Optimized AMI. To join the cluster, run the following command on boot:

/etc/eks/bootstrap.sh <cluster name> --kubelet-extra-args '--node-labels=eks.amazonaws.com/nodegroup=<node group name>,eks.amazonaws.com/nodegroup-image=<ami id>'

Requirements

No requirements.

Providers

Name	Version
amazon-parameterstore	n/a

Modules

No modules.

Resources

Name	Type
amazon-parameterstore_amazon-parameterstore.this	data source

Inputs

Name	Description	Type	Default	Required
access_key	The access key used to communicate with AWS	string	null	no
ami_block_device_mappings	The block device mappings attached when booting a new instance from the AMI created	list(map(string))	[ { "delete_on_termination": true, "device_name": "/dev/xvda", "volume_size": 10, "volume_type": "gp3" } ]	no
ami_description	The description to use when creating the AMI	string	"Amazon EKS Kubernetes AMI based on AmazonLinux2 OS"	no
ami_groups	A list of groups that have access to launch the resulting AMI(s). By default no groups have permission to launch the AMI. all will make the AMI publicly accessible. AWS currently doesn't accept any value other than all	list(string)	null	no
ami_name_prefix	The prefix to use when creating the AMI name. i.e. - <ami_name_prefix>-<eks_version>-<timestamp>	string	"amazon-eks"	no
ami_org_arns	A list of Amazon Resource Names (ARN) of AWS Organizations that have access to launch the resulting AMI(s). By default no organizations have permission to launch the AMI	list(string)	null	no
ami_ou_arns	A list of Amazon Resource Names (ARN) of AWS Organizations organizational units (OU) that have access to launch the resulting AMI(s). By default no organizational units have permission to launch the AMI	list(string)	null	no
ami_regions	A list of regions to copy the AMI to. Tags and attributes are copied along with the AMI. AMI copying takes time depending on the size of the AMI, but will generally take many minutes	list(string)	null	no
ami_type	The type of AMI to create. Valid values are amazon-linux-2 or amazon-linux-2-arm64	string	"amazon-linux-2"	no
ami_users	A list of account IDs that have access to launch the resulting AMI(s). By default no additional users other than the user creating the AMI has permissions to launch it	list(string)	null	no
ami_virtualization_type	The type of virtualization used to create the AMI. Can be one of hvm or paravirtual	string	"hvm"	no
associate_public_ip_address	If using a non-default VPC, public IP addresses are not provided by default. If this is true, your new instance will get a Public IP	bool	null	no
assume_role	If provided with a role ARN, Packer will attempt to assume this role using the supplied credentials	map(string)	{}	no
aws_polling	Polling configuration for the AWS waiter. Configures the waiter for resources creation or actions like attaching volumes or importing image	map(string)	{}	no
capacity_reservation_group_arn	Provide the EC2 Capacity Reservation Group ARN that will be used by Packer	string	null	no
capacity_reservation_id	Provide the specific EC2 Capacity Reservation ID that will be used by Packer	string	null	no
capacity_reservation_preference	Set the preference for using a capacity reservation if one exists. Either will be open or none. Defaults to none	string	null	no
communicator	The communicator to use to communicate with the EC2 instance. Valid values are none, ssh, winrm, and ssh+winrm	string	"ssh"	no
custom_endpoint_ec2	This option is useful if you use a cloud provider whose API is compatible with aws EC2	string	null	no
decode_authorization_messages	Enable automatic decoding of any encoded authorization (error) messages using the sts:DecodeAuthorizationMessage API	bool	null	no
deprecate_at	The date and time to deprecate the AMI, in UTC, in the following format: YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SSZ. If you specify a value for seconds, Amazon EC2 rounds the seconds to the nearest minute	string	null	no
disable_stop_instance	If this is set to true, Packer will not stop the instance but will assume that you will send the stop signal yourself through your final provisioner	bool	null	no
ebs_optimized	Mark instance as EBS Optimized. Default false	bool	null	no
eks_version	The EKS cluster version associated with the AMI created	string	"1.27"	no
ena_support	Enable enhanced networking (ENA but not SriovNetSupport) on HVM-compatible AMIs	bool	null	no
enable_nitro_enclave	Enable support for Nitro Enclaves on the instance	bool	null	no
enable_unlimited_credits	Enabling Unlimited credits allows the source instance to burst additional CPU beyond its available CPU Credits for as long as the demand exists	bool	null	no
encrypt_boot	Whether or not to encrypt the resulting AMI when copying a provisioned instance to an AMI. By default, Packer will keep the encryption setting to what it was in the source image	bool	null	no
fleet_tags	Key/value pair tags to apply tags to the fleet that is issued	map(string)	null	no
force_delete_snapshot	Force Packer to delete snapshots associated with AMIs, which have been deregistered by force_deregister. Default false	bool	null	no
force_deregister	Force Packer to first deregister an existing AMI if one with the same name already exists. Default false	bool	null	no
iam_instance_profile	The name of an IAM instance profile to launch the EC2 instance with	string	null	no
imds_support	Enforce version of the Instance Metadata Service on the built AMI. Valid options are unset (legacy) and v2.0	string	"v2.0"	no
insecure_skip_tls_verify	This allows skipping TLS verification of the AWS EC2 endpoint. The default is false	bool	null	no
instance_type	The EC2 instance type to use while building the AMI, such as m5.large	string	"c5.xlarge"	no
kms_key_id	ID, alias or ARN of the KMS key to use for AMI encryption. This only applies to the main region -- any regions the AMI gets copied to copied will be encrypted by the default EBS KMS key for that region, unless you set region-specific keys in region_kms_key_ids	string	null	no
launch_block_device_mappings	The block device mappings to use when creating the AMI. If you add instance store volumes or EBS volumes in addition to the root device volume, the created AMI will contain block device mapping information for those volumes. Amazon creates snapshots of the source instance's root volume and any other EBS volumes described here. When you launch an instance from this new AMI, the instance automatically launches with these additional volumes, and will restore them from snapshots taken from the source instance	list(map(string))	[ { "delete_on_termination": true, "device_name": "/dev/xvda", "volume_size": 10, "volume_type": "gp3" } ]	no
max_retries	This is the maximum number of times an API call is retried, in the case where requests are being throttled or experiencing transient failures. The delay between the subsequent API calls increases exponentially	number	null	no
metadata_options	Configures the metadata options for the instance launched	map(string)	{ "http_endpoint": "enabled", "http_put_response_hop_limit": 1, "http_tokens": "required" }	no
mfa_code	The MFA TOTP code. This should probably be a user variable since it changes all the time	string	null	no
pause_before_connecting	We recommend that you enable SSH or WinRM as the very last step in your guest's bootstrap script, but sometimes you may have a race condition where you need Packer to wait before attempting to connect to your guest	string	null	no
pause_before_ssm	The time to wait before establishing the Session Manager session	string	null	no
placement	Describes the placement of an instance	map(string)	{}	no
profile	The profile to use in the shared credentials file for AWS	string	null	no
region	The name of the region, such as us-east-1, in which to launch the EC2 instance to create the AMI	string	"us-west-2"	no
region_kms_key_ids	regions to copy the ami to, along with the custom kms key id (alias or arn) to use for encryption for that region. Keys must match the regions provided in ami_regions	map(string)	null	no
run_tags	Key/value pair tags to apply to the generated key-pair, security group, iam profile and role, snapshot, network interfaces and instance that is launched to create the EBS volumes. The resulting AMI will also inherit these tags	map(string)	null	no
run_volume_tags	Tags to apply to the volumes that are launched to create the AMI. These tags are not applied to the resulting AMI	map(string)	null	no
secret_key	The secret key used to communicate with AWS	string	null	no
security_group_filter	Filters used to populate the security_group_ids field. security_group_ids take precedence over this	list(map(string))	[]	no
security_group_ids	A list of security group IDs to assign to the instance. By default this is not set and Packer will automatically create a new temporary security group to allow SSH access	list(string)	null	no
session_manager_port	Which port to connect the local end of the session tunnel to. If left blank, Packer will choose a port for you from available ports. This option is only used when ssh_interface is set session_manager	number	null	no
shared_credentials_file	Path to a credentials file to load credentials from	string	null	no
shell_provisioner1	Values passed to the first shell provisioner	map	{}	no
shell_provisioner2	Values passed to the second shell provisioner	map	{}	no
shell_provisioner3	Values passed to the third/last shell provisioner	map	{}	no
shutdown_behavior	Automatically terminate instances on shutdown in case Packer exits ungracefully. Possible values are stop and terminate. Defaults to stop	string	null	no
skip_credential_validation	Set to true if you want to skip validating AWS credentials before runtime	bool	null	no
skip_metadata_api_check	Skip Metadata Api Check	bool	null	no
skip_profile_validation	Whether or not to check if the IAM instance profile exists. Defaults to false	bool	null	no
skip_region_validation	Set to true if you want to skip validation of the ami_regions configuration option. Default false	bool	null	no
skip_save_build_region	If true, Packer will not check whether an AMI with the ami_name exists in the region it is building in. It will use an intermediary AMI name, which it will not convert to an AMI in the build region. Default false	bool	null	no
snapshot_groups	A list of groups that have access to create volumes from the snapshot(s). By default no groups have permission to create volumes from the snapshot(s). all will make the snapshot publicly accessible	list(string)	null	no
snapshot_tags	Key/value pair tags to apply to snapshot. They will override AMI tags if already applied to snapshot	map(string)	null	no
snapshot_users	A list of account IDs that have access to create volumes from the snapshot(s). By default no additional users other than the user creating the AMI has permissions to create volumes from the backing snapshot(s)	list(string)	null	no
sriov_support	Enable enhanced networking (SriovNetSupport but not ENA) on HVM-compatible AMIs	bool	null	no
ssh_agent_auth	If true, the local SSH agent will be used to authenticate connections to the source instance. No temporary keypair will be created, and the values of ssh_password and ssh_private_key_file will be ignored. The environment variable SSH_AUTH_SOCK must be set for this option to work properly	bool	null	no
ssh_bastion_agent_auth	If true, the local SSH agent will be used to authenticate with the bastion host. Defaults to false	bool	null	no
ssh_bastion_certificate_file	Path to user certificate used to authenticate with bastion host. The ~ can be used in path and will be expanded to the home directory of current user	string	null	no
ssh_bastion_host	A bastion host to use for the actual SSH connection	string	null	no
ssh_bastion_interactive	If true, the keyboard-interactive used to authenticate with bastion host	bool	null	no
ssh_bastion_password	The password to use to authenticate with the bastion host	string	null	no
ssh_bastion_port	The port of the bastion host. Defaults to 22	number	null	no
ssh_bastion_private_key_file	Path to a PEM encoded private key file to use to authenticate with the bastion host. The ~ can be used in path and will be expanded to the home directory of current user	string	null	no
ssh_bastion_username	The username to connect to the bastion host	string	null	no
ssh_certificate_file	Path to user certificate used to authenticate with SSH. The ~ can be used in path and will be expanded to the home directory of current user	string	null	no
ssh_ciphers	This overrides the value of ciphers supported by default by Golang. The default value is ["[email protected]", "[email protected]", "aes128-ctr", "aes192-ctr", "aes256-ctr"]	list(string)	null	no
ssh_clear_authorized_keys	If true, Packer will attempt to remove its temporary key from ~/.ssh/authorized_keys and /root/.ssh/authorized_keys	bool	null	no
ssh_disable_agent_forwarding	If true, SSH agent forwarding will be disabled. Defaults to false	bool	null	no
ssh_file_transfer_method	How to transfer files, Secure copy (scp default) or SSH File Transfer Protocol (sftp)	string	null	no
ssh_handshake_attempts	The number of handshakes to attempt with SSH once it can connect. This defaults to 10, unless a ssh_timeout is set	number	null	no
ssh_host	The address to SSH to. This usually is automatically configured by the builder	string	null	no
ssh_interface	One of public_ip, private_ip, public_dns, private_dns or session_manager. If set, either the public IP address, private IP address, public DNS name or private DNS name will be used as the host for SSH. The default behavior if inside a VPC is to use the public IP address if available, otherwise the private IP address will be used. If not in a VPC the public DNS name will be used	string	"public_dns"	no
ssh_keep_alive_interval	How often to send "keep alive" messages to the server. Set to a negative value (-1s) to disable. Defaults to 5s	string	null	no
ssh_key_exchange_algorithms	If set, Packer will override the value of key exchange (kex) algorithms supported by default by Golang. Acceptable values include: [email protected], ecdh-sha2-nistp256, ecdh-sha2-nistp384, ecdh-sha2-nistp521, diffie-hellman-group14-sha1, and diffie-hellman-group1-sha1	list(string)	null	no
ssh_keypair_name	If specified, this is the key that will be used for SSH with the machine. The key must match a key pair name loaded up into the remote	string	null	no
ssh_local_tunnels	A list of local tunnels to use when connecting to the host	list(string)	null	no
ssh_password	A plaintext password to use to authenticate with SSH	string	null	no
ssh_port	The port to connect to SSH. This defaults to 22	number	null	no
ssh_private_key_file	Path to a PEM encoded private key file to use to authenticate with SSH. The ~ can be used in path and will be expanded to the home directory of current user	string	null	no
ssh_proxy_host	A SOCKS proxy host to use for SSH connection	string	null	no
ssh_proxy_password	The optional password to use to authenticate with the proxy server	string	null	no
ssh_proxy_port	A port of the SOCKS proxy. Defaults to 1080	number	null	no
ssh_proxy_username	The optional username to authenticate with the proxy server	string	null	no
ssh_pty	If true, a PTY will be requested for the SSH connection. This defaults to false	bool	null	no
ssh_read_write_timeout	The amount of time to wait for a remote command to end. This might be useful if, for example, packer hangs on a connection after a reboot. Example: 5m. Disabled by default	string	null	no
ssh_remote_tunnels	A list of remote tunnels to use when connecting to the host	list(string)	null	no
ssh_timeout	The time to wait for SSH to become available. Packer uses this to determine when the machine has booted so this is usually quite long. This defaults to 5m, unless ssh_handshake_attempts is set	string	null	no
ssh_username	The username to connect to SSH with. Required if using SSH	string	"ec2-user"	no
subnet_filter	Filters used to populate the subnet_id field. subnet_id take precedence over this	list(map(string))	[]	no
subnet_id	f using VPC, the ID of the subnet, such as subnet-12345def, where Packer will launch the EC2 instance. This field is required if you are using an non-default VPC	string	null	no
tags	Key/value pair tags applied to the AMI	map(string)	{}	no
temporary_key_pair_bits	Specifies the number of bits in the key to create. For RSA keys, the minimum size is 1024 bits and the default is 4096 bits. Generally, 3072 bits is considered sufficient	number	null	no
temporary_key_pair_type	Specifies the type of key to create. The possible values are 'dsa', 'ecdsa', 'ed25519', or 'rsa'. Default is rsa	string	null	no
temporary_security_group_source_cidrs	A list of IPv4 CIDR blocks to be authorized access to the instance, when packer is creating a temporary security group. The default is [0.0.0.0/0]	list(string)	null	no
temporary_security_group_source_public_ip	When enabled, use public IP of the host (obtained from https://checkip.amazonaws.com) as CIDR block to be authorized access to the instance, when packer is creating a temporary security group. Defaults to false	bool	null	no
token	The access token to use. This is different from the access key and secret key	string	null	no
user_data	User data to apply when launching the instance	string	null	no
user_data_file	Path to a file that will be used for the user data when launching the instance	string	null	no
vpc_filter	Filters used to populate the vpc_id field. vpc_id take precedence over this	list(map(string))	[]	no
vpc_id	If launching into a VPC subnet, Packer needs the VPC ID in order to create a temporary security group within the VPC. Requires subnet_id to be set. If this field is left blank, Packer will try to get the VPC ID from the subnet_id	string	null	no

Outputs

No outputs.

License

This library is licensed under the MIT-0 License. See the LICENSE file.