[PM-23918] send password authentication flow

[audreyality]

🎟️ Tracking

https://bitwarden.atlassian.net/browse/PM-23918

Depends upon: #15529

📔 Objective

• UI refresh for send password authentication screen.
• Factor password authentication logic out of send-access.component.ts.

📸 Screenshots

TBD

⏰ Reminders before review

• Contributor guidelines followed
• All formatters and local linters executed and passed
• Written new unit and / or integration tests where applicable
• Protected functional changes with optionality (feature flags)
• Used internationalization (i18n) for all UI strings
• CI builds passed
• Communicated to DevOps any deployment requirements
• Updated any necessary documentation (Confluence, contributing docs) or informed the documentation team

🦮 Reviewer guidelines

• 👍 (:+1:) or similar for great changes
• 📝 (:memo:) or ℹ️ (:information_source:) for notes or general info
• ❓ (:question:) for questions
• 🤔 (:thinking:) or 💭 (:thought_balloon:) for more open inquiry that's not quite a confirmed issue and could potentially benefit from discussion
• 🎨 (:art:) for suggestions / improvements
• ❌ (:x:) or ⚠️ (:warning:) for more significant problems or concerns needing attention
• 🌱 (:seedling:) or ♻️ (:recycle:) for future improvements or indications of technical debt
• ⛏ (:pick:) for minor or nitpick changes

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
20 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
3.6% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

[github-actions]

Checkmarx One – Scan Summary & Details – 7bf5af4a-43fe-4507-8cda-e83d7dcbd61f

Great job, no security vulnerabilities found in this Pull Request