Update rust toolchain to nightly 2024-10-17 (1.84.0)

[Neotamandua]

Update the toolchain to match version 1.82 used in other repositories and resolve recent CI failures.

Edit: Update to 1.84 due to #![feature(unsafe_extern_blocks)] problems that made the CI still fail.

CI failure reference: #854

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 85.04%. Comparing base (2d4125a) to head (590bd14).
⚠️ Report is 2 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #855      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   85.55%   85.04%   -0.52%     
==========================================
  Files          57       57              
  Lines        3781     3617     -164     
==========================================
- Hits         3235     3076     -159     
+ Misses        546      541       -5     

see 34 files with indirect coverage changes

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[moCello]

LGTM