Daly H/K/M/S-Series BMS integration

[patagonaa]

Description:

Adds documentation for the integration of the communication protocol that the new Daly BMS are using.

Related issue (if applicable):

Pull request in esphome with YAML changes (if applicable): esphome/esphome#7524

Checklist:

• I am merging into next because this is new documentation that has a matching pull-request in esphome as linked above.
  or

• I am merging into current because this is a fix, change and/or adjustment in the current documentation and is not for a new component or feature.

• Link added in /index.rst when creating new documents for new components or cookbook.

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[patagonaa]

TODO (for me):

• fix lint issues
• fill/remove section about controlling the BMS
• replace BMS picture with one that actually has UART (the current one is not a "smart" BMS)

[felipecrs]

@patagonaa, as an ESPHome user and owner of a K-Series Daly BMS, I am very grateful for your PR.

I have just ordered a micro USB to pins adapter. As soon as it arrives, I will test it. :)

[felipecrs]

Related to this PR: https://github.com/syssi/esphome-daly-bms (modbus-example.yaml).

[patagonaa]

@felipecrs Thanks for the kind words, I appreciate it.

You want to use the Micro-USB to pins adapter to use the cable of the Bluetooth dongle, right?
On my BMS, the Bluetooth dongle seems to be molded directly around the Micro-USB plug (if there even is one) so it can't be unplugged (unlike the "old" DALY Bluetooth dongles), better check that if you haven't already 😅.

I instead bought a set of JST-GH housings and pre-crimped wires with GH-contacts to avoid the hassle of crimping them myself (I first tried that, but it didn't work with the crimping tool I have, you'll definitely need the (expensive) crimping tool for this exact contact type or it won't work).

Initially, for testing I used an RS485 converter and the pre-crimped cable for the RS485/CAN connector included with the BMS.

[felipecrs]

Yes, I already have my K series Daly BMS, and mine has the detachable cable on both ends.

BMS	BT/WIFI module

[felipecrs]

I'm trying your PR finally. These are the first little issues I found.

[felipecrs]

After your refactor, I think my suggestion no longer makes sense. This reverts it:

Suggested change

	Always connect the ground, even when using RS485, to avoid stray currents running through the RS485 transceivers.
	Always connect the ground when using RS485 to avoid stray currents running through the RS485 transceivers.

[github-actions]

There hasn't been any activity on this pull request recently. This pull request has been automatically marked as stale because of that and will be closed if no further activity occurs within 7 days. Thank you for your contributions.

[patagonaa]

For christ's sake, and I thought stale bot was already terrible for issues.
Maybe a stale bot for PRs is a bad idea for a repo with (apparently) not enough reviewers to review them before they go stale.