Implemented automated Type and Value Checking

[MicahGale]

Pull Request Checklist for MontePy

Description

MontePy does a lot of type and value checking, which consists of a lot of conditional raising of TypeError and ValueError as noted in #674. Thanks @kordusas for bugging us to actually do this. This fixes this by using decorator magic to automatically run these tests at call time every time with minimal code per new function.

This has been a large effort to:

1. Vendor check_value.py from OpenMC
2. Update check_value.py to:
   1. add @args_checked decorator
   2. Add support for typing.Annotated for value checking
   3. Add support for recursive type annotations
3. Introduce montepy.types for common types
4. Switch almost all type and value checking via @args_checked and montepy.types

Fixes #674, fixes #91, fixes #393?

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General Checklist

• I have performed a self-review of my own code.
• The code follows the standards outlined in the development documentation.
• I have formatted my code with black version 25.
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works (if applicable).

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LLM Disclosure

Were any large language models (LLM or "AI") used in to generate any of this code?

• Yes
  • Model(s) used: ChatGPT-mini via GH copilot
• No

Documentation Checklist

• I have documented all added classes and methods.
• For infrastructure updates, I have updated the developer's guide.
• For significant new features, I have added a section to the getting started guide.

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First-Time Contributor Checklist

• If this is your first contribution, add yourself to pyproject.toml if you wish to do so.

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Additional Notes for Reviewers

Ensure that:

• This PR fully addresses and resolves the referenced issue(s).
• The submitted code is consistent with the merge checklist outlined here.
• The PR covers all relevant aspects according to the development guidelines.
• 100% coverage of the patch is achieved, or justification for a variance is given.

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📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://montepy--842.org.readthedocs.build/en/842/

[MicahGale]

Docs changes:

1. dev docs
2. check_value
3. types