Add BGNPCGN Dzongkha system 2010

maps/bgnpcgn-dzo-Tibt-Latn-2010.imp

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+metadata {
+  authority_id: bgnpcgn
+  id: 2010
+  language: iso-639-2:dzo
+  source_script: Tibt
+  destination_script: Latn
+  name: Romanization of Dzongkha (2010 Agreement)
+  url: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/693691/ROMANIZATION_OF_DZONGKHA.pdf
+  creation_date: 2010
+  confirmation date: 2017-10
+  description: |
+
+    This romanization system for Dzongkha was developed bythe Dzongkha
+    Development Commission. Bhutan's Ministryof Home Affairs approved this
+    system in 1997 and mandated that the Bhutanese government use
+    standardized spellings of geographical names and official guidelines
+    for romanization. The tabulation shown below is derived from the
+    version available on the UNGEGN Working Group on Romanization Systems
+    website. A number of fonts to display Dzongkha are available. The
+    Bhutanese government provides several Unicode compliant fonts.
+
+  notes:
+
+  - "Dzongkha words are divided into syllables by a special symbol called
+    tsheg (་) as in the word མ་ thim-phu: Thimphu. Geographical names
+    greater than three syllables are divided after the second syllable:
+    e.g. བ་ཤིས་ང་ཙེ (four syllables) tra-shi-yang-tse: Trashi Yangtse."
+
+  - "A syllable may be composed of several elements, including
+    prefixed, superscript, subscript and suffixed consonant
+    characters often stacked upon one another, e.g.  s
+    (superscript) upon k upon ya (subscript) generating skya."
+
+  - "Prefixed consonants are not romanized, e.g. གང ་ནག Dungna
+    [ག (prefix)  (root with vowel marking) ང (suffix) ་
+    (syllable break) ན (root) ག (suffix)] and མགར་ས Gasa [མ
+    (prefix) ག (root) ར (suffix) ་ (syllable break) ས (root)]."
+
+  - Superscript consonants are not romanized with the
+    exception of  lha, e.g. བསགས་ང Sakteng [བ (prefix) ས (root)
+    ག (suffix) ས (secondary suffix) ་ (syllable break)  (root
+    with superscript and vowel marking) ང(suffix)]; ང་་ས
+    Tangsibji [ (root with superscript) ང (suffix) ་ (syllable
+    break)  (root with vowel marking) ་ (syllable break) 
+    (root with subscript, superscript, and vowel marking) ས
+    (suffix)], but ན་་ Lhuentse [ (root with subscript and
+    vowel marking) ན (suffix) ་ (syllable beak)  (root with
+    vowel marking)].
+
+  - Suffixed consonants are romanized or not romanized based
+    on local pronunciation, e.g. ང ་ཁག Drungkhag [ (root with
+    subscript and vowel marking) ང (suffix) ་ (syllable break) ཁ
+    (root) ག (suffix)], དབང ་ག Wangchhuk [ད(prefix) བ(root)
+    ང(suffix) ་ (syllable break)  (root with subscript and
+    vowel marking) ག (suffix)], ག Ta [ (root with
+    superscript) ག (suffix)].
+
+  - Secondary suffixed consonants are not romanized; however,
+    there are exceptions, e.g. བར་མཚམས Bartsham [བ (root) ར
+    (suffix) ་ (syllable break) མ (prefix) ཚ (root) མ (suffix) ས
+    (secondary suffix)], ངས་ Dangchhu [ (root with
+    subscript) ང (suffix) ས (secondary suffix) ་ (syllable
+    break)  (root with vowel marking)]. གཞལམ་ང Zhemgang [ག
+    (prefix) ཞ (root) ལ (suffix) མ (secondary suffix) ་(syllable
+    break)  (root with superscript) ང (suffix)] is an
+    exception in which the suffix is not romanized but the
+    secondary suffix is romanized.
+
+    # Special Notes:
+  - Pronunciation of Dzongkha names may vary according to
+    local usage and there are several exceptions to the present
+    romanization guidelines.
+
+  - "Additional characters that are found mainly in words of Indic
+    provenance are romanized as follows: ཊ tra, ཋ thra, ཌ dra, ཎ na, ཥ kha,
+    ཀྵ chha."
+
+}
+
+tests {
+  test "ཐྀམ་ཕུ", "Thimphu"
+  test "བཀྲ་ཤིས་གྱང་ཙེ", "Trashi Yangtse"
+  test "སྟང་སི་སྦྱིས", "Tangsibji"
+
+stage {
+
+  # CHARACTERS
+  parallel {
+map:
+  characters:
+    sub "\u0F40", "ka"  # ཀ
+    sub "\u0F41", "kha"  # ཁ
+    sub "\u0F42", "ga"  # ག
+    sub "\u0F44", "nga"  # ང
+    sub "\u0F45", "cha"  # ཅ
+    sub "\u0F46", "chha"  # ཆ
+    sub "\u0F47", "ja"  # ཇ
+    sub "\u0F49", "mya"  # ཉ
+    sub "\u0F4F", "ta"  # ཏ
+    sub "\u0F50", "tha"  # ཐ
+    sub "\u0F51", "da"  # ད
+    sub "\u0F53", "na"  # ན
+    sub "\u0F54", "pa"  # པ
+    sub "\u0F55", "pha"  # ཕ
+    sub "\u0F56", any([
+     - 'ba'  # བ
+     - 'wa'  # བ
+    sub "\u0F58", "ma"  # མ
+    sub "\u0F59", "tsa"  # ཙ
+    sub "\u0F5A", "tsha"  # ཚ
+    sub "\u0F5B", "dza"  # ཛ
+    sub "\u0F5D", "wa"  # ཝ
+    sub "\u0F5E", "zha"  # ཞ
+    sub "\u0F5F", "za"  # ཟ
+    sub "\u0F60", "z"  # འ
+    sub "\u0F61", "ya"  # ཡ
+    sub "\u0F62", "ra"  # ར
+    sub "\u0F63", "la"  # ལ
+    sub "\u0F64", "sha"  # ཤ
+    sub "\u0F66", "sa"  # ས
+    sub "\u0F67", "ha"  # ཧ
+    sub "\u0F68", "a"  # ཨ
+
+    # a) The character '\u0F56' is romanized as either ba
+    # or wa depending on dialect. See special note number 1.
+
+    # b) The subscript variant of the character '\u0F5D'
+    # (wa): '\u0FAD' is not romanized: '\u0F41\u0FAD' ka,
+    # '\u0F51\u0FAD' da, '\u0F5A\u0FAD' tsha.
+
+    # c) The subscript variant of the character '\u0F61' is
+    # '\u0FB1' (ya), e.g. '\u0F40\u0FB1'. See syllable
+    # initial consonant combination table for romanized forms.
+
+    # d) The superscript variant of character '\u0F62' (ra)
+    # is not romanized:  ka,  da,  dza. The subscript
+    # variant of this character is ◌ྲ: see syllable initial
+    # consonant combination table for romanized forms.
+
+    # Vowels (where ཨ stands for any consonant character):
+
+    # Romanized e or ay if followed by a suffix ད་ ན་ འ་ ས་
+    sub "\u0F68", "a" # ཨ (see note a)
+    sub "\u0f68\u0f72", "i" # ཨི
+
+    # Romanized ue or u if followed by a suffix ད་ ན་ འ་ ས་
+    sub "\u0f40\u0f74", "u" # ཀུ (see note b)
+    sub "\u0F68\u0F7A", "e" # ཨེ
+
+    # Romanized oe or o if followed by a suffix ད་ ན་ འ་ ས་
+    sub "\u0F68\u0F7C", "o" # ཨོ (see note c)
+
+    # a) Romanized e or ay if followed by a suffix ད་ ན་ འ་ ས་
+    # b) Romanized ue or u if followed by a suffix ད་ ན་ འ་ ས་
+    # c) Romanized oe or o if followed by a suffix ད་ ན་ འ་ ས་
+
+
+    # Syllable-initial Consonant Combinations (This list is
+    # not complete. Only those consonant clusters with non-standard
+    # romanizations are given. Also see “General guidelines before transliterating”.):
+
+    sub "\u0F40\u0FB1", any(["cha", "ka"]) # ཀྱ and note A
+     sub "\u0F41\u0FB1", any(["chha", "kha"]) # (see note A)
+    sub "\u0F42\u0FB1", any(["ja", "gya"]) # (see note A)
+    sub "\u0F54\u0FB1", any(["cha", "pcha"])
+    sub "\u0F54\u0FB1", any(["chha", "pchha"])
+    sub "\u0F56\u0FB1", any(["ja", "bja"])
+    sub "\u0f51\u0F56\u0FB1", "ya"
+    sub "\u0f58\u0FB1", "nya"
+    sub "\u0F40\u0FB2", "tra" # ཀྲ
+    sub "\u0F41\u0FB2", "thra" # ཁྲ
+    sub "\u0F42\u0FB2", "dra" # གྲ
+    # sub "", "tra" # 12. (unicode not found)
+    sub "\u0F50\u0FB2", "thra" # ཐྲ
+    sub "\u0f51\u0FB2", "dra" # དྲ
+    sub "\u0F54\u0FB2", "tra" # པྲ
+    sub "\u0F55\u0FB2", "thra" # ཕྲ
+    sub "\u0F56\u0FB2", "dra" # བྲ
+    sub "\u0F64\u0FB2", "shra" # ཤྲ
+    sub "\u0F66\u0FB2", "sa" # སྲ
+    # sub "", "hra" # 20. (unicode not found)
+    sub "\u0F51\u0F56", "wa" # དབ (see note B)
+    sub "\u0F5F\u0FA8", "da" # ཟྨ
+    sub "\u0F63\u0FB7", "lha" # ལྷ
+
+    # A) Palatal variants ch, chh, j are generally used before a, o, and u.
+    # B) Not romanized if followed by any other vowel than a.
+
+    # Syllable Endings (suffixes):
+    sub "\u0F42", any(["g", "k"]) # ག. or not romanized
+
+    sub "\u0F44", "ng" # or not romanized
+    sub "\u0F51", "" # Not romanized
+    sub "\u0F53", "n" # or not romanized
+
+    sub "\u0F56", any(["b", "p"]) # བ
+
+    sub "\u0F58", "m" # མ
+    sub "\u0F60", "" # not romanized
+    sub "\u0F62", "r" # or not romanized
+    sub "\u0F63", "I" # or not romanized
+    sub "\u0F66", "" # not romanized
+  }
+}