An Example of using DDD with .NET 8

• Domain Driven Design (aka DDD)
• .NET 8.0.302

Overview

Domain Models

In the Product Catalog bounded context, I have a following Aggregate-Roots, Entities and Value Objects

1. Aggregate-Roots:

   1. Product
   2. Category
   3. Catalog

2. Entities:

   1. CatalogCategory
   2. CatalogProduct

3. Value Objects:

   1. CategoryId
   2. ProductId
   3. CatalogId
   4. CatalogCategoryId
   5. CatalogProductId

Aggregate Root Relationships

1. Catalog and Category

   • The CatalogCategory represents the instance of Category in specific Catalog

2. Category and Category

   • In specific Catalog, the categories can be organized as tree structure. Therefore, the CatalogCategory can have another as its parent.

3. Product, Category and Catalog

   • The CatalogProduct represents the instance of Product in specific CatalogCategory

CQRS

1. DDD.ProductCatalog.Application.Commands: for Create, Update and delete operators by consuming repositories.
2. DDD.ProductCatalog.Application.Queries: for all of the query operators by using Dapper

Highlighted Points

Strongly-Typed Entities Id

I want to use Strongly-Typed Ids for all models (i.e. CatalogId, CatalogCategoryId and so on) because of the benefits that described very well in the series of Using strongly-typed entity IDs to avoid primitive obsession part 1, part-2, part-3. Therefore, I have to add some advance steps to accomplish this need

1. For EntityFramework Core

• Use Value Conversion feature to define the mapping.

          builder
              .Property(x => x.Id)
              .UsePropertyAccessMode(PropertyAccessMode.Field)
              .HasConversion(x => x.Id, id => (CatalogId)id);

2. For Dapper

• Custom SqlMapper.TypeHandler

      public class StronglyTypedIdMapper<TIdenity> : SqlMapper.TypeHandler<TIdenity> where TIdenity : IdentityBase
      {
          #region Overrides of TypeHandler<TIdenityType>
  
          public override void SetValue(IDbDataParameter parameter, TIdenity value)
          {
              parameter.Value = value.Id;
          }
  
          public override TIdenity Parse(object value)
          {
              return IdentityFactory.Create<TIdenity>(value);
          }
  
          #endregion
      }

3. For .NET Core

• Custom TypeConverter

      public class StronglyTypedIdConverter<TIdentity> : TypeConverter where TIdentity : IdentityBase
      {
          #region Overrides of TypeConverter
  
          public override bool CanConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, Type sourceType)
          {
              return sourceType == typeof(string) || base.CanConvertFrom(context, sourceType);
          }
  
          public override object ConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, CultureInfo culture, object value)
          {
              var stringValue = value as string;
              if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(stringValue) && Guid.TryParse(stringValue, out var guid))
              {
                  return IdentityFactory.Create<TIdentity>(guid);
              }
  
              return base.ConvertFrom(context, culture, value);
          }
  
          #endregion
      }

• Custom JsonConverter

      public class IdentityJsonConverter<TIdentity> : JsonConverter<TIdentity> where TIdentity : IdentityBase
      {
          public override bool CanConvert(Type typeToConvert)
          {
              return typeToConvert == typeof(TIdentity);
          }
  
          public override TIdentity Read(ref Utf8JsonReader reader, Type typeToConvert, JsonSerializerOptions options)
          {
              return IdentityFactory.Create<TIdentity>(reader.GetGuid());
          }
  
          public override void Write(Utf8JsonWriter writer, TIdentity value, JsonSerializerOptions options)
          {
              writer.WriteStringValue(value.Id);
          }
      }

For CQRS

• Use MediatR for commands/queries dispatcher
• Use FluentValidation for commands/queries validation

For Testing

About Test Projects

1. DDD.ProductCatalog.Core.Tests

   • Unit Test for the behaviors of Domain Models

2. DDD.ProductCatalog.Infrastructure.EfCore.Tests

   • Integration Test with EntityFramework Core and SqlServer for repositories of Aggregate-Roots

3. DDD.ProductCatalog.Application.Commands.Tests

   • Unit Test of Command Handlers.
   • Use MockQueryable.FakeItEasy to mock DbSet.

4. DDD.ProductCatalog.Application.Queries.Tests

   • Integration Test with Dapper and SqlServer for Query Handlers.

5. DDD.ProductCatalog.WebApi.Tests

   • Integration Test with Web Api

Interesting Points

For every test project, I use the following packages

• Shoudly: Should testing for .NET - the way Asserting Should be!
• AutoFixture: AutoFixture is an open source library for .NET designed to minimize the 'Arrange' phase of your unit tests in order to maximize maintainability. Its primary goal is to allow developers to focus on what is being tested rather than how to setup the test scenario, by making it easier to create object graphs containing test data.
• MSSQL TestContainer to isolating database from integration test with others environment
• Memory Configuration Provider to override the settings for testing, i.e - connection-string
• EF Core Migration Bundles

How to run

Run Test Projects

Install Cake Tool

dotnet tool install --global Cake.Tool --version 3.1.0

Starting SqlServer via Docker

docker compose -f docker-compose.yaml up -d

Run via Tye

• Starting web api via Tye

dotnet-cake.exe "./cake/dev.cake" --target="Tye" --verbosity=normal

• Access the url http://localhost:5009

How to see the codecoverage report

• Execute tests & generate report

dotnet-cake.exe "./cake/report-tests.cake" --target="Report" --verbosity=normal   

• After run successfully, go to code_coverage folder, and open the index.html by browser to see the report

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