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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion lectures/lec03.tex
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ \subsection{Domain Separation}
\paragraph{Bad idea.} An obvious solution to construct the two-input hash function $H_2$
is to concatenate the two values, so that $H_2(x, y) = H(x || y)$.
However, this construction allows two different pairs of messages to hash to the same value:
\[ _2(\text{"key", "value"}) = H_2(\text{"ke", "yvalue"}).\]
\[ H_2(\text{"key", "value"}) = H_2(\text{"ke", "yvalue"}).\]
Both Amazon and Flickr had a bug arising from
this---they concatenated all parameters before
hashing, and had parameters such that two
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