Fix unit tests for Xcode 16 and older iOS destinations

[pyrtsa]

This PR makes the necessary changes to make the test suite build and pass on Xcode 16 (tested on 16.2) on at least the following destinations:

• macOS 15.2
• iPhone 16 simulator running iOS 18.2
• iPhone 15 simulator running iOS 17.5
• iPhone 14 simulator running iOS 16.4

(Unfortunately I can't seem to pass the test suite on iPhone 13 simulator running iOS 15.5, as several test cases seem to crash with EXC_BAD_ACCESS at static Shared<A>.== infix(_:_:). 🤷‍♂️)

Code coverage on the perception checking logic is slightly improved by not skipping the test even if running on iOS 17+.

I think these changes should be enough to enable running adding test to matrix.strategy on the xcodebuild-latest job in ci.yml.

[pyrtsa]

There's at least one flaky test, recordAndPlayback() in VoiceMemos, which I did not address in this PR.

Occasionally, TestClock fails to megaYield enough for another timerUpdated action to get a chance to be sent. It's easy to reproduce by defining the environment variable TASK_MEGA_YIELD_COUNT=1 during the unit test execution.

Failing test output

Link to CI output of forked repo.

✘ Test recordAndPlayback() recorded an issue at VoiceMemosTests.swift:79:24: Issue recorded
↳ Received unexpected action: …
    VoiceMemos.Action.voiceMemos(
      .element(
        id: URL(file:///tmp/DEADBEEF-DEAD-BEEF-DEAD-BEEFDEADBEEF.m4a),
        action: .audioPlayerClient(
          .success(true)
        )
      )
    )
✘ Test recordAndPlayback() recorded an issue at VoiceMemosTests.swift:82:24: Issue recorded
↳ Expected to receive an action matching case path, but didn't get one.
✘ Test recordAndPlayback() recorded an issue at VoiceMemosTests.swift:85:24: Issue recorded
↳ Expected to receive an action matching case path, but didn't get one.