starknet_api: change Proof from u32 to u8

[avivg-starkware]

Note

High Risk
Changes the on-the-wire and persisted representation of client-side proofs (protobuf field type and starknet_api::Proof storage/serde), which can break compatibility with existing nodes, stored proofs, and clients. Also increases accepted proof sizes, impacting resource usage and validation limits.

Overview
Switches client-side transaction Proof from Vec<u32> to raw Vec<u8> across the stack, updating base64 (de)serialization, protobuf InvokeV3WithProof.proof from repeated uint32 to bytes, filesystem proof storage read/write, and related tests/fixtures.

Raises the configured max_proof_size limit from 120000 to 480000 in gateway defaults, deployment configs, node schema, and blockifier versioned constants, and adds temporary u8↔u32 conversion checks in the prover/verifier while upstream PrivacyProofOutput still expects u32.

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[reviewable-StarkWare]

This change is 

[avivg-starkware]

• starknet_api: change Proof from u32 to u8 #13367 👈 (View in Graphite)
• main-v0.14.2

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[cursor]

Cursor Bugbot has reviewed your changes and found 1 potential issue.

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[avivg-starkware]

crates/apollo_protobuf/src/proto/p2p/proto/transaction.proto line 71 at r2 (raw file):

message InvokeV3WithProof {
    InvokeV3 invoke = 1;
    bytes proof = 2;

opened a specs PR https://reviewable.io/reviews/starknet-io/starknet-p2p-specs/78

[avi-starkware]

@avi-starkware reviewed 18 files and all commit messages, and made 2 comments.
Reviewable status: all files reviewed, 2 unresolved discussions (waiting on noaov1).

[avivg-starkware]

@avivg-starkware reviewed 2 files and all commit messages.
Reviewable status: all files reviewed, 1 unresolved discussion (waiting on noaov1).

[avivg-starkware]

@avivg-starkware resolved 1 discussion.
Reviewable status: complete! all files reviewed, all discussions resolved (waiting on noaov1).