cves: bump go to 1.24.2, x/net, x/crypto

[M4tteoP]

Fixes:

Severity	CVE	Package	Fix
MEDIUM	CVE-2024-45336	stdlib	v1.22.8 → 1.22.11, 1.23.5, 1.24.0-rc.2
MEDIUM	CVE-2025-22871	stdlib	v1.22.8 → 1.23.8, 1.24.2
MEDIUM	CVE-2025-22872	golang.org/x/net	v0.33.0 → 0.38.0
MEDIUM	CVE-2024-45341	stdlib	v1.22.8 → 1.22.11, 1.23.5, 1.24.0-rc.2
MEDIUM	CVE-2025-22866	stdlib	v1.22.8 → 1.22.12, 1.23.6, 1.24.0-rc.3
MEDIUM	CVE-2025-22870	golang.org/x/net	v0.33.0 → 0.36.0

Before:

▶ grype xyz/ci-images/kube-rbac-proxy:v0.15.0-tetrate-v5
 ✔ Scanned for vulnerabilities     [8 vulnerability matches]
   ├── by severity: 1 critical, 1 high, 6 medium, 0 low, 0 negligible
   └── by status:   7 fixed, 1 not-fixed, 0 ignored
NAME                        INSTALLED  FIXED-IN                      TYPE       VULNERABILITY        SEVERITY
golang.org/x/crypto         v0.31.0    0.35.0                        go-module  GHSA-hcg3-q754-cr77  High
golang.org/x/net            v0.33.0    0.36.0                        go-module  GHSA-qxp5-gwg8-xv66  Medium
golang.org/x/net            v0.33.0    0.38.0                        go-module  GHSA-vvgc-356p-c3xw  Medium
gopkg.in/square/go-jose.v2  v2.6.0                                   go-module  GHSA-c5q2-7r4c-mv6g  Medium
stdlib                      go1.22.8   1.23.8, 1.24.2                go-module  CVE-2025-22871       Critical
stdlib                      go1.22.8   1.22.11, 1.23.5, 1.24.0-rc.2  go-module  CVE-2024-45336       Medium
stdlib                      go1.22.8   1.22.11, 1.23.5, 1.24.0-rc.2  go-module  CVE-2024-45341       Medium
stdlib                      go1.22.8   1.22.12, 1.23.6, 1.24.0-rc.3  go-module  CVE-2025-22866       Medium

After:

▶ grype tetrate/kube-rbac-proxy:v0.15.0-6d7e868a-arm64
 ✔ Scanned for vulnerabilities     [1 vulnerability matches]
   ├── by severity: 0 critical, 0 high, 1 medium, 0 low, 0 negligible
   └── by status:   0 fixed, 1 not-fixed, 0 ignored
NAME                        INSTALLED  FIXED-IN  TYPE       VULNERABILITY        SEVERITY
gopkg.in/square/go-jose.v2  v2.6.0               go-module  GHSA-c5q2-7r4c-mv6g  Medium