Parameterization support

pypika/__init__.py

@@ -21,19 +21,16 @@
     CustomFunction,
     EmptyCriterion,
     Field,
-    FormatParameter,
     Index,
     Interval,
-    NamedParameter,
     Not,
     NullValue,
-    NumericParameter,
     Parameter,
-    PyformatParameter,
-    QmarkParameter,
+    Parameterizer,
     Rollup,
     SystemTimeValue,
     Tuple,
+    ValueWrapper,
 )
 
 NULL = NullValue()

pypika/dialects/mssql.py

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Any
+from typing import Any, cast
 
 from pypika.enums import Dialects
 from pypika.exceptions import QueryException
 from pypika.queries import Query, QueryBuilder
+from pypika.terms import ValueWrapper
 from pypika.utils import builder
 
 
@@ -42,25 +43,29 @@ def top(self, value: str | int) -> MSSQLQueryBuilder:  # type:ignore[return]
     @builder
     def fetch_next(self, limit: int) -> MSSQLQueryBuilder:  # type:ignore[return]
         # Overridden to provide a more domain-specific API for T-SQL users
-        self._limit = limit
+        self._limit = cast(ValueWrapper, self.wrap_constant(limit))
 
-    def _offset_sql(self) -> str:
+    def _offset_sql(self, **kwargs) -> str:
         order_by = ""
         if not self._orderbys:
-            order_by = "ORDER BY (SELECT 0)"
-        return order_by + " OFFSET {offset} ROWS".format(offset=self._offset or 0)
+            order_by = " ORDER BY (SELECT 0)"
+        return order_by + " OFFSET {offset} ROWS".format(
+            offset=self._offset.get_sql(**kwargs) if self._offset is not None else 0
+        )
 
-    def _limit_sql(self) -> str:
-        return " FETCH NEXT {limit} ROWS ONLY".format(limit=self._limit)
+    def _limit_sql(self, **kwargs) -> str:
+        if self._limit is None:
+            return ""
+        return " FETCH NEXT {limit} ROWS ONLY".format(limit=self._limit.get_sql(**kwargs))
 
-    def _apply_pagination(self, querystring: str) -> str:
+    def _apply_pagination(self, querystring: str, **kwargs) -> str:
         # Note: Overridden as MSSQL specifies offset before the fetch next limit
         if self._limit is not None or self._offset:
             # Offset has to be present if fetch next is specified in a MSSQL query
-            querystring += self._offset_sql()
+            querystring += self._offset_sql(**kwargs)
 
         if self._limit is not None:
-            querystring += self._limit_sql()
+            querystring += self._limit_sql(**kwargs)
 
         return querystring
 

pypika/dialects/oracle.py

@@ -28,8 +28,12 @@ def get_sql(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> str:
         kwargs["groupby_alias"] = False
         return super().get_sql(*args, **kwargs)
 
-    def _offset_sql(self) -> str:
-        return " OFFSET {offset} ROWS".format(offset=self._offset)
-
-    def _limit_sql(self) -> str:
-        return " FETCH NEXT {limit} ROWS ONLY".format(limit=self._limit)
+    def _offset_sql(self, **kwargs) -> str:
+        if self._offset is None:
+            return ""
+        return " OFFSET {offset} ROWS".format(offset=self._offset.get_sql(**kwargs))
+
+    def _limit_sql(self, **kwargs) -> str:
+        if self._limit is None:
+            return ""
+        return " FETCH NEXT {limit} ROWS ONLY".format(limit=self._limit.get_sql(**kwargs))

pypika/queries.py

@@ -535,8 +535,8 @@ def __init__(
         self._set_operation = [(set_operation, set_operation_query)]
         self._orderbys: list[tuple[Field, Order | None]] = []
 
-        self._limit: int | None = None
-        self._offset: int | None = None
+        self._limit: ValueWrapper | None = None
+        self._offset: ValueWrapper | None = None
 
         self._wrapper_cls = wrapper_cls
 
@@ -553,11 +553,11 @@ def orderby(self, *fields: Field, **kwargs: Any) -> "Self":  # type:ignore[retur
 
     @builder
     def limit(self, limit: int) -> "Self":  # type:ignore[return]
-        self._limit = limit
+        self._limit = cast(ValueWrapper, self.wrap_constant(limit))
 
     @builder
     def offset(self, offset: int) -> "Self":  # type:ignore[return]
-        self._offset = offset
+        self._offset = cast(ValueWrapper, self.wrap_constant(offset))
 
     @builder
     def union(self, other: Selectable) -> "Self":  # type:ignore[return]
@@ -624,11 +624,8 @@ def get_sql(self, with_alias: bool = False, subquery: bool = False, **kwargs: An
         if self._orderbys:
             querystring += self._orderby_sql(**kwargs)
 
-        if self._limit is not None:
-            querystring += self._limit_sql()
-
-        if self._offset:
-            querystring += self._offset_sql()
+        querystring += self._limit_sql(**kwargs)
+        querystring += self._offset_sql(**kwargs)
 
         if subquery:
             querystring = "({query})".format(query=querystring, **kwargs)
@@ -668,11 +665,15 @@ def _orderby_sql(self, quote_char: str | None = None, **kwargs: Any) -> str:
 
         return " ORDER BY {orderby}".format(orderby=",".join(clauses))
 
-    def _offset_sql(self) -> str:
-        return " OFFSET {offset}".format(offset=self._offset)
+    def _offset_sql(self, **kwargs) -> str:
+        if self._offset is None:
+            return ""
+        return " OFFSET {offset}".format(offset=self._offset.get_sql(**kwargs))
 
-    def _limit_sql(self) -> str:
-        return " LIMIT {limit}".format(limit=self._limit)
+    def _limit_sql(self, **kwargs) -> str:
+        if self._limit is None:
+            return ""
+        return " LIMIT {limit}".format(limit=self._limit.get_sql(**kwargs))
 
 
 class QueryBuilder(Selectable, Term):  # type:ignore[misc]
@@ -725,8 +726,8 @@ def __init__(
         self._joins: list[Join] = []
         self._unions: list = []
 
-        self._limit: int | None = None
-        self._offset: int | None = None
+        self._limit: ValueWrapper | None = None
+        self._offset: ValueWrapper | None = None
 
         self._updates: list[tuple] = []
 
@@ -1223,11 +1224,11 @@ def hash_join(self, item: Table | "QueryBuilder" | AliasedQuery) -> "Joiner":
 
     @builder
     def limit(self, limit: int) -> "Self":  # type:ignore[return]
-        self._limit = limit
+        self._limit = cast(ValueWrapper, self.wrap_constant(limit))
 
     @builder
     def offset(self, offset: int) -> "Self":  # type:ignore[return]
-        self._offset = offset
+        self._offset = cast(ValueWrapper, self.wrap_constant(offset))
 
     @builder
     def union(self, other: Self) -> _SetOperation:
@@ -1252,7 +1253,8 @@ def minus(self, other: Self) -> _SetOperation:
     @builder
     def set(self, field: Field | str, value: Any) -> "Self":  # type:ignore[return]
         field = Field(field) if not isinstance(field, Field) else field
-        self._updates.append((field, self._wrapper_cls(value)))
+        value = self.wrap_constant(value, wrapper_cls=self._wrapper_cls)
+        self._updates.append((field, value))
 
     def __add__(self, other: Self) -> _SetOperation:  # type:ignore[override]
         return self.union(other)
@@ -1265,8 +1267,10 @@ def __sub__(self, other: Self) -> _SetOperation:  # type:ignore[override]
 
     @builder
     def slice(self, slice: slice) -> "Self":  # type:ignore[return]
-        self._offset = slice.start
-        self._limit = slice.stop
+        if slice.start is not None:
+            self._offset = cast(ValueWrapper, self.wrap_constant(slice.start))
+        if slice.stop is not None:
+            self._limit = cast(ValueWrapper, self.wrap_constant(slice.stop))
 
     def __getitem__(self, item: Any) -> Self | Field:  # type:ignore[override]
         if not isinstance(item, slice):
@@ -1512,7 +1516,7 @@ def get_sql(self, with_alias: bool = False, subquery: bool = False, **kwargs: An
         if self._orderbys:
             querystring += self._orderby_sql(**kwargs)
 
-        querystring = self._apply_pagination(querystring)
+        querystring = self._apply_pagination(querystring, **kwargs)
 
         if self._for_update:
             querystring += self._for_update_sql(**kwargs)
@@ -1532,13 +1536,9 @@ def get_sql(self, with_alias: bool = False, subquery: bool = False, **kwargs: An
 
         return querystring
 
-    def _apply_pagination(self, querystring: str) -> str:
-        if self._limit is not None:
-            querystring += self._limit_sql()
-
-        if self._offset:
-            querystring += self._offset_sql()
-
+    def _apply_pagination(self, querystring: str, **kwargs) -> str:
+        querystring += self._limit_sql(**kwargs)
+        querystring += self._offset_sql(**kwargs)
         return querystring
 
     def _with_sql(self, **kwargs: Any) -> str:
@@ -1750,11 +1750,15 @@ def _having_sql(self, quote_char: str | None = None, **kwargs: Any) -> str:
         having = self._havings.get_sql(quote_char=quote_char, **kwargs)  # type:ignore[union-attr]
         return f" HAVING {having}"
 
-    def _offset_sql(self) -> str:
-        return " OFFSET {offset}".format(offset=self._offset)
+    def _offset_sql(self, **kwargs) -> str:
+        if self._offset is None:
+            return ""
+        return " OFFSET {offset}".format(offset=self._offset.get_sql(**kwargs))
 
-    def _limit_sql(self) -> str:
-        return " LIMIT {limit}".format(limit=self._limit)
+    def _limit_sql(self, **kwargs) -> str:
+        if self._limit is None:
+            return ""
+        return " LIMIT {limit}".format(limit=self._limit.get_sql(**kwargs))
 
     def _set_sql(self, **kwargs: Any) -> str:
         return " SET {set}".format(