feat(ci): use caching

[thomasqueirozb]

Summary

Vector configuration

How did you test this PR?

Change Type

• Bug fix
• New feature
• Non-functional (chore, refactoring, docs)
• Performance

Is this a breaking change?

• Yes
• No

Does this PR include user facing changes?

• Yes. Please add a changelog fragment based on our guidelines.
• No. A maintainer will apply the no-changelog label to this PR.

References

Notes

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[Copilot]

Pull Request Overview

This PR introduces caching for Rust, Cargo, and npm tool installations in the CI to speed up integration and end-to-end test workflows.

• Bump cargo-deb version in the environment preparation script
• Add a new composite action to cache and bootstrap environment tools
• Integrate the caching action into int_tests and e2e_tests jobs

Reviewed Changes

Copilot reviewed 3 out of 3 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

File	Description
scripts/environment/prepare.sh	Updated cargo-deb install version from 2.0.0 to 2.0.2
.github/workflows/changes.yml	Added cache job and inserted caching steps (uses: ./.github/actions/cache) into int_tests and e2e_tests
.github/actions/cache/action.yml	Created a composite action to cache ~/.cargo, ~/.rustup, and ~/.npm, and run prepare.sh on cache miss

[datadog-vectordotdev]

Datadog Report

Branch report: ci-cache
Commit report: 4e250a7
Test service: vector

✅ 0 Failed, 7 Passed, 0 Skipped, 25.26s Total Time