Add map_partitions function to catalog

[smcguire-cmu]

Adds the map_partitions function to the catalog, wrapping the dask map_partitions call. Also includes the option to call the ufunc with the partition's HealpixPixel, and to work out the output meta by calling with an empty partition. Closes #283

[github-actions]

Before [5653387]	After [04aa1ad]	Ratio	Benchmark (Parameter)
33.6±0.5ms	34.5±1ms	1.03	benchmarks.time_kdtree_crossmatch
11.5±0.8ms	11.8±0.7ms	1.03	benchmarks.time_polygon_search
5.76±0.2ms	5.70±0.2ms	0.99	benchmarks.time_box_filter_on_partition
3.15±0.04s	3.12±0.01s	0.99	benchmarks.time_create_large_catalog
473±10ms	468±2ms	0.99	benchmarks.time_create_midsize_catalog

Click here to view all benchmarks.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 98.97%. Comparing base (a6214f7) to head (f5a8624).
Report is 9 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main     #290   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   98.97%   98.97%           
=======================================
  Files          41       41           
  Lines        1264     1274   +10     
=======================================
+ Hits         1251     1261   +10     
  Misses         13       13           

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